(updated 2021) Pictures, photos & images of Cappadocia ( Capadocia, Kapadokya, ) rock formations, fairy chimneys and cave churches & monasteries, Anatolia, Turkey. Cappadocia is an area of spectacular rock formations that have been used as rock houses for thousands of years. The whole area has been covered with hundreds of meters of volcanic ash that has compressed into Tufa rock. Water has eroded into the landscape leaving valleys with steep cliffs and towers of rock known as fairy chimneys. Tufa is soft and since prehistoric times people have made cave dwellings which are linked from small doorways via internal stairs that run up inside the fairy chimneys or cliff faces. This created easy to defend rock castles that could house towns of several thousand people like that at Uchisar, where the rock houses run the full height of a towering rock face.. Cappadocia is on a high plateau in the centre of Anatolia and its remote position and hidden rock towns made it a perfect location for early Christians who had to hide from the persecuting Romans. Many rock churches are spread across Capadocia with religious frescos painted on their walls. Some valleys like Zelve have the remains of huge rock monasteries. At Goreme is a UNESCO World Heritage site with rock churches with spectacular frescoes. Capadocia is a truly unique part of the world. Its rock formations and rock houses create an incredible place to explore which is why it is high on travellers to Turkey's list. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. Add photos of Cappadocia Turkey to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/cappadociaturkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappadocia Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures & images of the Ottoman villas of Amasya along the banks of the Yeşilırmak River and the Royal Pontic Kings Tombs, Turkey. Situated in north central Turkey in the Black Sea Region, Amasya stands at the mouth of a mountainous gorge through which the Yeşilırmak River flows to the sea. Amaseia or Amasia of antiquity dates back 7500 years its position being a natural place to control the passage of people and animals along the river gorge. Amasya was occupied by Phrygians, Lydian's, Persians and Armenians becoming an independent Pontic Kingdom in the Hellenistic period. Conquered by the Romans in 70 BC Amasya became the administrative centre of the Roman province of Bithynia and Pontus. Under the Ottoman rule, Sultan Bayezid I made Amasya an important centre of learning and sent his children to be educated there. Today tourists visit Amasya to see the picturesque Ottoman houses and villas that line the banks of the Yeşilırmak River. Above these houses are the Royal tombs carved into the rock face of the Pontic Kings including Mithridates I who reigned from 281–266 BC. The walls of the ancient citadel can be seen above and on the mountain top above the Ottoman houses. Download Pictures & images of the Ottoman villas of Amasya along the banks of the Yeşilırmak River and the Royal Pontic Kings Tombs or buy as photo art prints on line. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amasya Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Amasya using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/amasya-turkey.html

(updated 2021) Add photos of Dalyan and Kaunos Archaeological Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/dalyan-lycian-tombs-and-kaunos.html Pictures images photos of Dalyan & Kaunos Archaeological Site, Turkey. Dalyan is situated inland from the Aegean Sea on a river that runs through reed marshes from the inland lake & sanctuary of Koycegiz. The Dalyan Delta has a spit of sand running across it known as Iztuzu Beach which is a famous breeding ground of the endangered loggerhead sea turtle. In 1988 the beach was designated a Special Environment Protection area after plans were announced to build luxury Hotel on the beach. Behind the beach is a Delta lagoon where the young Loggerhead Turtles first go for protection waiting for a high tide to escape to the open sea. Reed beds make up a classic Delta which leads via the River Dalyan past the tourist town of Dalyan & the Archaeological site of Kaunos to the inland Köyce?iz (Koycegiz) lake. The lake is a mixture of Sea & fresh water at different depths giving it an unusual diversity of wild life. Bass, Mullet and Sea Bream come to the lake to spawn and are caught in nets known as "Dalyan's". A fish lunch can be eat by tourists & locals in the restaurants that line the reed banks, many only accessible by boat. The symbol of Dalyan are the Lycian style rock tombs carved out of the cliffs opposite the town. These 4th -2nd cent. B.C tombs have the front of Hellenistic Ionic order temples. They are on the edge of a large ruined city known as Kaunos. The extensive ruins have a big amphitheatre that would have sat 5000 people and temple ruins that sit on the side of a picturesque silted up harbour. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalyan Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of picturesque Hasankeyf & its mosques & ruins Turkey before the Tigris Dam was built . Hasankeyf is citadel on high cliffs above the River Tigris. The Romans had built the Cephe fortress on the site and the city became the Kiphas fortress and a bishopric under the Byzantine Empire. It was conquered by the Arabs, in ca. 640, renamed Hisn Kayf. In the 12th century, the city was successively captured by the Artukids as their capital. During this period, Hasankeyf's golden age, the Artukids and Ayyubids built the Old Tigris Bridge, the Small Palace and the Great Palace. The infrastructure, location and significance of the city helped increase trade and made Hasankeyf a staging post on the Silk Road. The Ayyubids (descendants of Saladin) captured the city in 1232 and built the mosques that made Hasankeyf an important Islamic center. The city was captured and sacked by the Mongols in 1260. The city would rise from its ashes though as summer homes for Ak Koyunlu emirs were built. Following the Ottoman ascendancy established by Selim I in the region in the early 16th century, the city became part of the Ottoman Empire in 1515, during Sultan Süleyman I's campaign of Irakeyn The threat of the Ilisu Dam project prompted the World Monuments Fund to list the city on its 2008 Watch List of the 100 Most Endangered Sites in the world . Add photos of Hasankeyf using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hasankeyf-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasankeyf Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures Images photos of Harran Turkey. Photos of the beehive adobe buildings and images of the archaelogical site of Harran. Harran was a major ancient city in Upper Mesopotamia whose site is near the modern village of Alt?nba?ak, Turkey, 24 miles (44 kilometers) southeast of ?anl?urfa. The location is in a district of ?anl?urfa Province that is also named "Harran". The earliest records of Harran come from the Ebla tablets (c. 2300 BCE). From these, it is known that an early king or mayor of Harran had married an Eblaite princess, Zugalum, who then became "queen of Harran", and whose name appears in a number of documents. It appears that Harran remained a part of the regional Eblaite kingdom for some time thereafter. Biblical Haran was where Terah, his son Abram (Abraham), his grandson Lot, and Abram's wife Sarai settled while in route to Canaan, coming from Ur of the Chaldees (Genesis 11:26-32). The region of this Haran is referred to variously as Paddan Aram and Aram Naharaim. Genesis 27:43 makes Haran the home of Laban and connects it with Isaac and Jacob: it was the home of Isaac's wife Rebekah, and their son Jacob spent twenty years in Haran working for his uncle Laban (cf. Genesis 31:38&41). During the late 8th and 9th centuries Harran was a centre for translating works of astronomy, philosophy, natural sciences, and medicine from Greek to Syriac by Assyrians, and thence to Arabic, bringing the knowledge of the classical world to the emerging Arabic-speaking civilization in the south. Baghdad came to this work later than Harran. Many important scholars of natural science, astronomy, and medicine originate from Harran; they were non-Arab and non-Islamic ethnic Assyrians, including possibly the alchemist Jibir ibn Hayyn. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. Add photos of Harran using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/harran.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures, images & photos of Istanbul and the historic buildings of the Roman Byzantine Constantinople. Istanbul is one of the most fascinating cities in the world. It literally straddles the East West divide of the Bosphorus with its western bank in Europe and its Eastern bank in Asia. Originally the Greek city of Byzantium, the strategic importance of its peninsula was recognised by Emperor Constantine who made it into the Imperial City of the Roman Empire in AD 330. The peninsular overlooks the southern entrance to the Bosphorus and with a natural habour, the Golden Horn, was the perfect site to control Trade from the East to the West. This new city was also a Christian city and Constantine built the first great churches of the Roman Empire. After Fall of The Roman Empire in the 5th century Constantinople became known as Byzantine after the Greek city of Byzantium. The Emperors of Constantinople would not have understood themselves as Byzantine as they were Emperors of The Roman Empire and remained so until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Even Constantinople became fabulously rich and powerful and therefore a target for conquest. The massive land walls that protected the peninsular and its sea walls made it impregnable to many attempts to take it by force. It did though fall in 1204 to the stealth of the Venetian Dodge Enrico Dandolo when he diverted the 4th Crusade to Constantinople to help "protect" it from the Islamic onslaught that had conquered most of Asia Minor. The taking of Constantinople led to a 3 day sack of the city during which time the Venetians loaded all of its treasures onto their ships and sailed off to Venice. Even though the Byzantine Roman Emperors retook Constantinople it never regained its glory and went into slow decline. In 1453 it finally fell to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II . Little remains of Constantinople but buildings like the Hagia Sophia, built by Emperor Theodosius II and inaugurated it on 10 October 415, give an idea of the heights of sophistication the Roman Empire had reached. It would be a thousand years before a bigger dome was built than that of Hagia Sophia. The Ottomans have endowed Istanbul with splendid mosques & palaces which fused the mystique of Eastern architecture with that of the west which along with its famous Bazaars make Istanbul one of the most colourful cities in the world. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. Add photos of Istanbul using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/istanbul.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of the Greek ghost village of Kayaköy (Kayakoy), nearr Fethiye , Izmir, Turkey. For thousands of years Anatolia (Today Turkey) has been the venue of periodic wars and invasions. Every major ancient Mediterranean & Middle Eastern civilisations has fought over this area of the world. The last conflict was between the Greeks & the newly formed Turkish state which ended with the Armistice of Mudanya on October 11 1922, followed by the treaty of Lausanne on 24 July 1923, which agreed a population exchange of Greeks in Turkey with Turks in Greece. It is estimated during the autumn of 1922, around 900,000 Orthodox refugees had arrived in Greece around 2,000 of whom came from Kayaköy . Today Kayaköy has 500 ruined houses & several churches which stand in picturesque mountains. Walking around the ghost village is a strange experience. The people who lived here were obviously simple peasant farmers and the heartbreak of having to give everything up must have been intense. There was no conflict in Kayaköy between Greek & Turkish neighbours and few of the Anatolian Greeks that left for Greece believed that they would be leaving for ever, so they left belongings they could not carry with their Turkish neighbours for safe keeping. The Greeks did not return though and Kayaköy stands as a sobering reminder of the damage the Nationalism of the 20th century caused to peoples lives. Kayaköy was adopted by the UNESCO as a World Friendship and Peace Village as a symbol of unity to help heal divisions of the past. Kayaköy is said to be the inspiration behind "Eskibahçe", the imaginary village chosen by Louis de Bernières as the setting of his 2004 novel Birds Without Wings, which chronicles the rise of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the 'Father of the Turkish Nation' and deals with the impact of religious intolerance, over-zealous nationalism, and the war that often results. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints Add photos of Kayaköy using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/kayakoy.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayaköy Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of Konya, the Mevlana Mausaleum & Konya archaeological museum antiquities, Turkey. Konya is a holy Islamic city where the Persian Sufi poet & ascetic Mevlana or Rumi lived and is buried. Mevlana was "not a prophet -- but surely, he has brought a scripture". He believed in the use of music, poetry and dance as a path for reaching God which allowed devotees to focus their whole being on the divine. Dervishes are Sufi Muslim ascetics and the Mevlevi order of Dervishes in Konya developed under Melvana's teachings. It was Mevlanas belief in dance and music that created the whirling Dervish as a form of devotion. Following his death, his followers and his son Sultan Walad founded the Mevlevi Order, also known as the Order of the Whirling Dervishes, famous for its Sufi dance known as the Sama ceremony. In the 1920's when the modern Turkish state was formed under the rule of Ataturk, Dervish's were banned as part of the Ataturks move to make Turkey a secular country. The Mausaloeum of Mevlana was made into a museum where his sarcophagus and those of his family are a major shrine for Islamic pilgrims. Konya archaeological museum has a small but important collection of archaeological finds from Catalhoyuk prehistoric settlement as well as Bronze Age sites of the region. The museum also has an important collection of Asian style Roman sarcophagi including column and garland sarcophagi. Download pictures & images of Konya, the Mevlana Mausaleum & Konya archaeological museum antiquities or buy as photo art prints. Add photos of Konya and Mevlana Mauseleum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/konya.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konya Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of the Ottoman Turkish architecture of Safranbolu, Turkey. Safranbolu derives its name from the Saffron the city traded had 3 caravanserais, overnight stopping places for camel caravan trains. Conquered during the Turkish expansion into Anatolia in the 11th century, the town still has many Ottoman Turkish style buildings. The town is one of the most complete from this era possibly due to the continuing importance of the Saffron trade in the area. The half timbered Ottoman style houses sit high on windowless stables rooms. Each mansion had a male and female (harem) area and were well insulated. They are characterised by their overhanging eves and rooms that jut out from the building supported by wooden braces. The caravan trade of the Silk Route reached its peak in the 16th century before its eventual demise to shipping. The importance of the architecture of Safranbolu has been recognised and it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. Add photos of Safranbolu using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/safranbolu.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safranbolu Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of the Buruciye Madrasah, Gök Medrese & Sifaiye Medrese seljuk buildings of Sivas, Turkey. Situated in central Turkey on the main trading routes from Iran and Iraq, Sivas has some of Anatolia’s most important Seljuk architecture. The Buruciye Madrasah is one of the most famous structures of Sivas and Anatolia with its magnificent crown gate. built by Dr. Muzaffer Burucerdî from Burucerd near Hamedan (Iran) to teach physics, chemistry and astronomy. The Buruciye Madrasah entrance door of the yellowish stones and the interior facade of the courtyard are among the finest examples of Seljuk stone carving. It has a rectangular plan close to the square and consists of columnar porticoes around the open courtyard and the cells behind them. Gök Medrese is one of the most famous works of the Seljuks. Located in the centre of Sivas. Built in 1271 by Vizier Ata Faahreddin Ali, the Gok Medrese is still a masterpiece of Seljuk architecture after 742 years. The marble crown gate of Gok Medrese has a very rich decorative appearance. Its islamic Muqarnas corbeled vault is made up of a large number of miniature squinches, producing a sort of cellular structure. The crown gate of Gök Medrese is one of the best examples of Seljuk architecture in Anatolia. Add photos of Sivas using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/sivas-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sivas Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of Lake Van, Turkey. Images of Van the biggest inland lake in Turkey. Photos of the saline lake and one of the world's largest endorheic lakes (having no outlet). Lake Van is 119 kilometres (74 mi) across at its widest point, averaging a depth of 171 metres (561 ft) with a maximum recorded depth of 451 metres (1,480 ft). It is surrounded by high volcanic mountains such as Mount Nemrut , 3,050 m (10,007 ft) high & Mount Süphan 4,058 m (13,314 ft) high. Our photos of Lake Van show pictures of the small Island of Akdama is the Armenian Cathedral church, known as the Cathedral Church of the Holy Cross (915-921), and was the seat of an Armenian Catholicos from 1116 to 1895. Also See images of The Fortress of Van, a massive stone fortification built by the ancient kingdom of Urartu during the 9th to 7th centuries BC, and is the largest example of its kind. Add photos of Lake Van Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/istanbul.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Van Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of the Armenian Apostolic Cathedral Church of the Holy Cross, Akdamar (Aghtamar) Island in Lake Van Turkey. Our photos show images of the extensive array of Armenian bas-relief carving of mostly biblical scenes that adorn its external walls. These Akdamar pictures show the great skill of medieval Armenian artists. The Armenian Cathedral Church of the Holy Cross Aghtamar was built of pink volcanic tufa by the architect-monk Manuel during the years 915-921, with an interior measuring 14.80m by 11.5m and the dome reaching 20.40m above ground. Between 1116 and 1895 Aght'amar Island was the location of the Armenian Catholicosate of Aktamar. Khachatur III, who died in 1895, was the last Catholicos of Aght'amar. In 1915, during the Armenian Genocide, the monks of Aktamar were massacred, the cathedral looted, and the monastic buildings destroyed. Add photos of Cathedral of Holy Cross Akdamar using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/lakevanturkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathedral_of_the_Holy_Cross,_Aghtamar Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures & images of Aslankaya Phrygian rock temple monument, Phrygian Valley, Emre Lake, near Döğer, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Dating from the 7th century BC the Aslankaya rock Temple is the most important surviving rock monument and open-air temple of Phrygians. The Aslankaya sanctuary was dedicated to the goddess Cybele, an important Phrygian goddess. The Aslankaya temple is carved out of a conical rock formation and its facade is decorated with relief sculptures. On the triangular roof over the facade are two sphinxes (winged figures with the head of a human and the body of a lion), facing one another, take place. On the main facade, below the sphinxes in a recessed niche, there used to be a cult statue of Cybele or the Great Mother was flanked by two lions. Due to vandalism the statue of Cybele has been destroyed and the 2 standing lion reliefs badly damaged. This main facade is ornamented with relief geometrical patterns. The Aslankaya Temple was discovered by William M. Ramsey, a Scottish archaeologist who described it in 1884 bringing it to the attention of western historians for the first time. The temple stands alone near the shores of Lake Emre next to an ancient track at GPS coordinates: 39.105499, 30.429701. Add photos of Aslankaya Phrygian rock temple using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/aslankaya-temple-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures, images & photos of the iconic Sultan Ahmed Mosque (Sultanahmet Camii ) or Blue Mosque, Istanbul, Turkey. Built from 1609 to 1616 commissioned by Sultan Ahmed I when he was 19. the Blue Mosque draws the inspiration for its design from Hagia Sophia that stands opposite it. The design of the Blue Mosque is a high point of the classical period being a fusion of Ottoman & Byzantine elements. It was designed by Mehmet Aga, its second architect as the first was executed because his skills were found wanting. Normally mosques have a maximum of 4 minarets, the exception being the Grand Mosque in Mecca, the focal point of the Islamic world. It shows grand designs of Sultan Ahmet that the Blue Mosque was controversially designed with 6 minarets also. The sixth minaret of the Blue Mosque though was built when Sultan Ahmet built a seventh minaret on the mosque in Mecca. The high central dome of the Mosque is surrounded by 8 smaller domes creating cascading tiers running down to a central courtyard, the biggest of any Ottoman mosque. The interior of the mosque is lined with 20,000 Iznik tiles with more than 50 tulip designs as well as fruit, flowers & cypresses. Over 250 stained glass windows with intricate designs light the interior. Sultan Ahmet lived long enough to see the splendour of the Blue Mosque and his Mausoleum is just outside the walls. Add photos of Istanbul using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/blue-mosque-istanbul.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_Ahmed_Mosque Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures, photos & images of Cappadocia ( Capadocia, Kapadokya, ) hot air balloons, Anatolia, Turkey. Cruising slowly over Cappadocia amongst its spectacular rock formations is one of the top ten things to do in Turkey. The whole of Capadocia has been covered with hundreds of meters of volcanic ash that has compressed into Tufa rock. Water has eroded into the landscape leaving valleys with steep cliffs and towers of rock known as fairy chimneys. Tufa is soft and since prehistoric times people have made cave dwellings which are linked from small doorways via internal stairs that run up inside the fairy chimneys or cliff faces. This created easy to defend rock castles that could house towns of several thousand people like that at Uchisar, where the rock houses run the full height of a towering rock face. As the sun comes up over Goreme every morning the sky fills with huge hot air balloons. They glide gracefully into the sky above the fairy chimneys and then slowly descend into the valleys and float amongst them. The skill of the hot air balloon pilots is breathtaking as they manoeuvre between the fairy chimneys giving their passengers close up views of the strange rock formations and the rock houses they contain. Cappadocia is on a high plateau in the centre of Anatolia and its remote position and hidden rock towns made it a perfect location for early Christians who had to hide from the persecuting Romans. Many rock churches are spread across Capadocia with religious frescos painted on their walls. Some valleys like Zelve have the remains of huge rock monasteries. At Goreme is a UNESCO World Heritage site with rock churches with spectacular frescoes. Capadocia is a truly unique part of the world. Its rock formations and rock houses create an incredible place to explore which is why it is high on travellers to Turkey's list. Add photos of Cappadocia Balloons using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/cappadocia-balloons.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappadocia Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of the late Roman Byzantine Chora Church, Holy Saviour, mosaics 1315-1321 ( now Kariye Museum ). Originally outside the original city walls built by Emperor Constantine The Chora Monastery derives its name from the Greek Kariye meaning country or suburban area. In 413 AD Emperor Theodosius built new land walls and the Chora monastery lies just inside these. Devastated by an earthquake on October 6 557 a new basilica was built for the monastery by Emperor Justinian. The occupation and sacking of Constantinople by the notorious Forth Crusade in 1204 lucky left the Chora untouched but due to neglect under the Latin occupiers it fell into poor repair. Theodore Metochites ( 1270–1332 ) was a poet and humanist scholar during the reign of Andronicus II. Son of the archdeacon George Metochites who was condemned to exile for his fervent support of the union of the Orthodox and Roman Catholic church. Theodore Metochites was an academic being versed in literature & science, writing poetry in high Greek that is still difficult for academics to translate. Metochites’ political career culminated in 1321, when he was invested as Grand Logothete. He was then at the summit of his power, and also one of the richest men of his age. Metochites restored the Chora adding an outer Narthex and adorning the ceilings with sumptuous mosaics and frescos between 1315-1321. Being an early Humanist the style of the frescos introduces Human emotions and depictions of "real" people over the purely spiritual rules of depiction adhered to by the Orthodox Icon painters of the time. In 1332 in the west Giotto was still painting static unemotional frescos at the same time as the Anastasis ( resurrection) fresco of the Parecclesion chapel in the Chora was being painted. It depicts Christ saving Adam and Eve by resurrecting them from their sarcophagi. The fresco is full of movement with Christ all powerful in a pool of light at its centre. It has often been asked how western art went from the two dimensional lifeless paintings of Giotto to the full glory of Renaissance painting and sculpture in such a short time. Under the rule of Andronicus III Metochites fell out of favour and spent the last years of his life as a monk in his beloved Chora Monastery. B Add photos of Chora Church Istanbul using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/holy-saviour-chora-istanbul.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chora_Church Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures images photos of Eflatun Pınar ( Eflatunpınar) Ancient Hittite relief sculpture monument and sacred pool. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Between 15th to 13th centuries BC. Lake Beysehir National Park, Konya, Turkey. Eflatun Pınar ( Eflatunpınar) translates as Plato's Spring and is historical monument of the Hittite Empire built at the edges of a pool fed by a spring in the Lake Beysehir National Park, Konya, Turkey. Built on an earlier Bronze age monument is 7 m (21ft) wide with a central ashlar stone wall with relief sculptures in it. In the face of the monument, there are gods, goddess figures dedicated to gods of the sun goddess and gods of the earth. In front of the monument is a sacred pool measuring 30 x 35 m. Eflatun Pınar was excavated between 1996-2001 by the musuem of Konya and restoration work was carried out in 2011. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Eflatun Pınar Hittie Monument using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/eflatunpinar-turkey.html

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of Hagia Sophia ( Aya Sophia ) Basilica Istanbul. Completed in 537 for Roman Emperor Justinian, Hagia Sophia is a major Roman Byzantine work of architecture with a massive dome that would not be surpassed in size for 1000 years. The present Hagia Sophia or church os the Holy Wisdom, is the third Basilica to stand on this site. The size of Hagia Sophia is awe inspiring even by modern standards and the mathematics used to create such a vast dome demonstrate how sophisticated ancient mathematicians & engineers were. The main dome though collapsed completely during an earthquake on 7 May 558. It was rebuilt with lighter materials and 30 feet higher by Isidorus the Younger, nephew of Isidore of Miletus and today stands at 55.6 metres (182 ft). Hagia Sophia was the Church of the seat of the Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople and was decorated inside with Roman Byzantine mosaics with gold backgrounds that would have made for a spectacular interior. The Fourth Crusade (1202-1204) took and sacked Constantinople and most of the treasures and relics from Hagia Sophia were looted by the Venetians who used took them back to Venice to adorn the Basilica of Saint Marks. In 1453 Sultan Mehmed took Constantinople and the treasures of Hagia Sophia were again pillaged. The Basilica became a mosque and its design was the benchmark for all the great mosques that were subsequently built. Over time the Christian mosaics, that were seen to idolatrous by Muslims who do not allow depictions of Saints or God, were replaced with Islamic designs. Aya Sophia became first imperial mosque of Istanbul. After the creation of an independent Turkish state, in 1935, the first Turkish President and founder of the Republic of Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, transformed the building into a museum. Plaster removed to reveal some of the Roman Byzantine mosaics that survived underneath. Today it is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site that incorporated Ancient Istanbul. Add photos of Hagia Sophia Istanbul using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hagia-sophia-istanbul.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagia_Sophia Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures & Images of the Ishak Pasha Palace (Ishak Paşa Sarayı) the semi-ruined palace and administrative complex located in the Do?ubeyaz?t eastern Turkey. The Ishak Pasha palace is an Ottoman-period palace whose construction was started in 1685 by Colak Abdi Pasha, the bey of Beyazit province. According to the inscription on its door, the Harem Section of the palace was completed by his grandson Ishak (Isaac) Pasha in 1784. The Palace is more of a complex than a palace; it is the second administrative campus after the Topkap? Palace in Istanbul and the most famous of the palaces built in recent decades. It was the last large monumental structure in the Ottoman Empire from the "Lale Devri" period. It is one of the most distinguished and magnificent examples of the 18th century Ottoman architecture and is very valuable in terms of art history. The ?shak Pasha Palace is a rare example of the historical Turkish palaces. Add photos of Ishak Pasha Palace Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/ishak-pasha-palace-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishak_Pasha_Palace Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Photos of Pamukkale Turkey and pictures, photos & Images of its famous rock formations. Pamukkale, meaning "cotton palace" in Turkish, is a natural site in Denizli Province in southwestern Turkey. Springs in a cliff almost 200 m high overlooking the plain of Cürüksu in south-west Turkey, calcite-laden waters have created an unreal landscape, made up of mineral forests, petrified waterfalls and a series of terraced basins given the name of Pamukkale (Cotton Palace). Located in the province of Denizli, this extraordinary landscape was a focus of interest for visitors to the nearby Hellenistic spa town of Hierapolis, founded by the Attalid kings of Pergamom at the end of the 2nd century B.C., at the site of an ancient cult. The ancient Greco-Roman and Byzantine city of Hierapolis was built on top of the white "palace" which is in total about 2,700 metres (8,860 ft) long, 600 m (1,970 ft) wide and 160 m (525 ft) high. It can be seen from the hills on the opposite side of the valley in the town of Denizli, 20 km away. Its hot springs were also used for scouring and drying wool. Ceded to Rome in 133 B.C., Hierapolis flourished, reaching its peak of importance in the 2nd and 3rd centuries A.D., having been destroyed by an earthquake in 60 A.D. and rebuilt. Remains of the Greco-Roman period include baths, temple ruins, a monumental arch, a nymphaeum, a necropolis and a theatre. Following the acceptance of Christianity by the emperor Constantine and his establishment of Constantinople as the ‘new Rome’ in 330 A.D., the town was made a bishopric. As the place of St. Philip’s martyrdom in 80 A.D., commemerated by his Martyrium building in the 5th century, Hierapolis with its several churches became an important religious center for the Eastern Roman Empire. The combination of striking natural formations and the development of a complex system of canals, bringing the thermal water to nearby villages and fields, is exceptional. The springs are the source of a hydraulic system extending 70 km northwest to Alasehir and westwards along the valley of the Menderes River. Pamukkale forms an important backdrop to the original Greco-Roman town of Hierapolis and the cultural landscape which dominates the area. Add photos of Pamukkale and Hieropolis using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/pamukkale-hierapolis-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamukkale Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of the Topkapı Palace ( Topkapı Sarayı ) Istanbul, Turkey. In 1453 the army of Sultan Mehmed II took Constantinople and finished the Roman ( Byzantine ) Empire. In 1459 Sultan Mehmed began the construction of the Topkapi Palace as his residence. The Palace is really a small fortified town that at its height housed 4000 people and had its own mosques, parkland, hospital, bakery and mint. The Palace compound housed administrative buildings within its outer walls and situated at the very end of the promontory that overlooks the entrance to the Golden Horn harbour is the walled Palace that the Sultan inhabited. This part of the Palace has an outer courtyard in which is The Imperial Council (Dîvân-ı Hümâyûn) building where the ruling councillors held meetings with the Sultan and the Sultan met foreign dignitaries. The Inner courtyard houses the Harem for the women of the house and the private apartments of the Sultan and his library and mosque. The rooms of the Palace are decorated with arabesque patterned Iznik and Kütahya tiles. The Imperial Harem (Harem-i Hümayûn) occupied one of the sections of the private apartments of the sultan; it contained more than 400 rooms of which a few are open to the public today. The harem was home to the sultan's mother, the Valide Sultan; the concubines and wives of the sultan; and the rest of his family, including children; and their servants. The only man that was not a Eunuch who could enter the Harem was the Sultan. The Topkapi Palace was used by the Sultans until 1856 when they moved to the newly built Dolmabahçe Palace that was built with the showy opulence of the late Baroque & Neo-classic styles of the time which contrasted with the restrained external architecture of the Topkapi Palace. Add photos of Topkapı Palace Istanbul using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/topkapi-palace-istanbul.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topkapı_Palace Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures Images photos of the Tortum Water Falls, Coruh Valley, Erzurum in the Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. The Tortum water falls are the largest in turkey with a drop of 164 feet (50 m) and 15 meters wide. Geologists believe they were formed in the Quaternary period by a massive landslide which blocked the deep steep sided Tortum Valley. This resulted in the formation of Tortum Lake which is 8 km long, 1 km wide and 100 meters deep. The water in Tortum Lake is exceptionally clear and has been used to supply, via underground tunnels, the turbines of the Tortum Hydroelectric Plant since 1960. Surplus water from the lake runs over the Tortum Falls which means that they are at their most spectacular when excess water from the spring snow melt floods the lake. Download pictures & Images of the Tortum Water Falls or buy as photo art prints on line. Add photos of Tortum Water Falls Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/tortum-falls-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures Images photos of Alaca Hoyuk (Alacahoyuk, Alacahöyük or Alaca Höyük ) Hittite archaeological site Alaca, Çorum Province, Turkey, Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Alaca Hoyuk (also known as Alacahoyuk, Alacahüyük, Aladja-Hoyuk, Euyuk, or Evuk) is one of the important Hittite archaeological sites. Dating from Neolithic times Alaca Hoyuk has fine Bronze Age Royal tombs as well as Hittite archaeology. The best preserved Hittite remains are around the monumental Sphinx Gate. The Sphinx Gate at Alaca Hoyuk is the only Hittite Imperial Period gate structure whose entrance is flanked by orthostat reliefs within the Hittite heartland. The Sphinx Gate is 10-meter wide and its exterior walls are clad with Hittite relief sculpted orthostat panels. The two towered gate entrance is adorned with two-meter tall sphinx statues. On the left tower, a bull standing on a platform symbolises the Storm God. On the next block, a king and a queen proceed with praying gestures before an altar. The following three blocks depict sacrificial animals being led before bearers of cult objects followed by jugglers performing on a ladder with daggers. On the interior face of the corner orthostat of the left tower, a ritual scene displays four persons holding symbolic staves. Similarly, a religious ceremony is depicted on the orthostats of the right tower. Officials proceed with praying gestures towards a goddess seared on a throne at the head of the frieze. This goddess is interpreted as the Sun goddess of the city of Arinna, wife of the Storm God. All these depictions represent an entire ritual set of cult, libation, hunting, and entertainment that comprise a religious ceremony in honour of the Storm God. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Alaca Hoyuk Hittite Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/alaca-hoyuk-hittite-site.html

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of Ani archaeological site, Turkey. The city is located on a triangular site, visually dramatic and naturally defensive, protected on its eastern side by the ravine of the Akhurian River and on its western side by the Bostanlar or Tzaghkotzadzor valley. The Akhurian is a branch of the Araks River and forms part of the currently closed border between Turkey and Armenia. By the early 9th century, the former territories of the Kamsarakans in Arsharunik and Shirak (including Ani) had been incorporated into the territories of the Armenian Bagratuni dynasty. Today Ani is a ruined Armenian city-site situated in the Turkish province of Kars, in sight of the border with Armenia. The city is located on a triangular site, visually dramatic and naturally defensive, protected on its eastern side by the ravine of the Akhurian River and on its western side by the Bostanlar or Tzaghkotzadzor valley. Called the "City of 1001 Churches", Ani stood on various trade routes and its many religious buildings, palaces, and fortifications were amongst the most technically and artistically advanced structures in the world. At its height, Ani had a population of 100,000-200,000 people and was the rival of Constantinople, Baghdad and Cairo. The Persian Safavids ruled Ani until it became part of the Turkish Ottoman Empire in 1579. A small town remained within its walls at least until the middle 17th century, but the site was entirely abandoned by the middle of the 18th century. Add photos of Ani Archaeological site Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/ani-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures images photos of Aphrodisias archaeological site, Anatolia Turkey & Images of its Roman relief sculptures. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Aphrodisias was named after Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love and the focal point of Aphrodisias was the temple of Aphrodite. Near Aphrodisias are rock deposits of fine white marble which in Hellenistic and Roman times was quarried and used to make fine white buildings and sculptures. The freezes from the Temple Aphrodite, now in the Aphrodisias Museum, show the highly skilled sculptures that Aphrodisias became famous for in the Ancient world. Leading from the main north-east street of Aphrodisias is a fine Roman tetrapylon, a four way arch placed where streets crossed, built in 200AD. Excavations in 1962 revealed a lavish building program at the centre of Aphrodisias. This building program in Aphrodisias was instigated by Julius Zoilus who was born in Aphrodisias who became a slave of the great Julius Caesar. After Julius Caesar was assassinated he was succeeded by Octavian who became the Emperor Augustus. Julius Zoilus helped Octavian in his succession battle with Mark Anthony and was given his freedom and was endowed with prestige and riches. So Julius Zoilus returned to Aphrodisias a powerful rich freedman and helped turn it into a prosperous and influential city. When Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire the Temple of Aphrodite in Aphrodisias was turned into a Basilica and in 640 the city was renamed Stauroúpolis ("City of the Cross"). Add photos of Aphrodisias Archaeological Site Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/aphrodisias-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphrodisias Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

PIctures, images & photos of the Sanctuary of Apollo Smintheion & the ruins of Alexandria Troas, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. The Temple of Apollo Smintheion is rather strangely dedicated to Apollo the Mice Slayer. The ancient peoples who came to settle the area from Crete were told by an Oricle to settle where they were overrun by the "sons of the earth". When they were besieged by mice or rodents they interpreted the typically vague pronouncement of the Oracle "sons of the earth" to mean rodents. So they built the ancient of town of Khryse and nearly and the ancient Ionic Temple of Apollo Smintheion. Little remains on the site today which is being excavated with funds by the Efes Brewery. The archaeological remains in the area are potentially extensive with adjacent town of Khryse and a Sacred Way that links the Temple to Alexandria Troas. Alexandria Troas was an ancient Greek city port of the northern Aegean with a population of 100,000 in its heyday. Paul of Tarsus sailed for Europe for the first time from Alexandria Troas and made his return there. In the New Testament, book of Acts 20:9-12, it is related that Paul preached a long sermon to the people of Alexandria Troas during which a young man named Eutychus dropped to sleep falling from his seat out of a three storey window. Paul picked Eutychus up reassuring the crowd that he was not dead and carried him upstairs. Eutychus was uninjured by his fall and the crowd took this to be a miracle performed by Paul but the name Eutychus does means "fortunate". Today the 400 hectar ( 1,000 acre) site is overgrown and apart from a couple of arches of its Roman Gymnasium there is little to see. German Arcaeologists are surveying and excavating the site and a 100BC stadium has been discovered recently. Alexandria Troas and Khryse are just two of hundreds of sites in Turkey yet to be excavated and shows the potential wealth yet to be discovered in Anatolia. Buy as high resolu tion stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. Add photos of Apollo Smintheion using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints. USEFUL LINKS: Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(Pictures, images and photos of the Roman Ampitheatre of Aspendos, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. In ancient times Aspendos was conquered and re-conquered by the Spartans then the Persians. As with all other Anatolian cities the Persians were finally defeated in 333 BC by Alexander the Great and was later ruled by the Kings of Pergamon. In 133 B.C Attalus III of Pergamon died without an heir and left the Kingdom of Pergamon to the Roman Empire. The Theatre of Aspendos was built in in 155 AD during the rule of Marcus Aurelius designed by the architect Zeno. The Theatre is the one of best preserved in the Asia Minor. 96 metres in diameter it can seat 7000 the csaenae frond or backdrop wall is still intact. Following Hellenistic traditions the theatre is built into the hillside below the Acropolis with a backdrop that is still intact. The rest of the building design is Roman. A rather dubious story relates that the ruler of Aspendos offered his daughter in marriage to any man that did a great building work for the city. Two men rose to the challenge one building a new viaduct and the other the theatre. They both completed their building at the same time and the ruler announced that he would have to cut his daughter in half, giving each man a half. One protested that he would rather give up the hand of the daughter rather than see any harm come to her, and this un-selfish act was duly rewarded with the girls hand in marriage. After the conquest of Anatolia by the Ottoman Turks the Roman amphitheatre was used as a Caravansarai for the camel trains working the Silk Route. Little damage was done to the building though and when Ataturk , founder of modern day Turkey, visited Aspendos he was so impressed with its preservation that he pronounced that the theatre should be protected and used for performances and today it hosts the Aspendos International Opera and Ballet Festival. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspendos Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Aspendos Roman Ampitheatre using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/aspendos-ampitheatre-turkey.html

Pictures photos images of Aynali Kilise (Church) a cave church complex, 11th century, near Goreme, Cappadocia, Nevsehir, Turkey. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Cappadocia has been a site of Christian churches and monasteries from the beginning of Christianity. St Paul came to Caesarea in Cappadocia where he and his companions stayed with Philip the Evangelist before travelling on to Jerusalem. The famous Cappadocian Fathers or Three Cappadocian's, Saint Basil (330–379), who was bishop of Caesarea; his younger brother Gregory of Nyssa (c. 335 – c. 395), who was bishop of Nyssa; and a close friend, Gregory of Nazianzus (329–389), who became Patriarch of Constantinople, show that Cappadocia produced many important theologians. Aynali Kilise cave church is typical of the iconoclastic period (725-842) churches built in Cappadocia. Situated in a remote valley near Goreme the Aynali Kilise cave church would have been hidden to the Arab invaders that were pushing into Anatolia. Roman Byzantine Iconoclasm refers to two periods in the history of the Byzantine Roman Empire when the use of religious images or icons was opposed by religious and imperial authorities within the Eastern Church and the temporal imperial hierarchy. This is why Aynali Kilise cave church is not decorated on the outside with religious figures and why the frescoes inside do not depict representations any figures. The interior frescoes are simple red geometric patterns and crosses against the plain rock background. From the Aynali Kilise church, tunnel lead back into the rock through low tunnels into inner rooms. Stairs lead up to upper galleries and more inner rooms whose entrances have rocks that can be rolled across them to make them impregnable when the church was under attack. Download pictures & images of Aynali Kilise (Church) a cave church complex, 11th century, near Goreme, Cappadocia, or buy as photo art prints. Add photos of Cappadocia Turkey to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/cappadociaturkey.html type - Aynali - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappadocia Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures images photos of the Neolithic settlement of Catalhoyuk ( Çatalhöyük ) dating from 7400 BC and being settled for 2000 years until 5200 BC. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. The settlement of Catalhoyuk consists of 2 tells ( hills formed over the millennium by rebuilding over the refuse and remains of earlier settlements) that overlook the plain of Konya on the southern Anatolian Plateau. So far excavations at Catalhoyuk have revealed 18 levels of habitation that date back to circa 7400 BC. In the process archaeologists have uncovered evidence of Chalcolithic occupation then deeper Neolithic occupation. Catalhoyuk ( Çatalhöyük ), over the last few decades has reshaped scholars view of Neolithic settlements in Anatolia. What they have unearthed are two settlements of square houses that were built attached to each other with no streets in between. Access was mostly through the roof openings down wooden ladders below which were found clay ovens, presumably situated below the roof entrance to let the smoke out. The square rooms were decorated with frescoes of hunting scenes, vultures and geometric designs. Plastered bulls skulls painted red were used as relief sculptures on the walls. The most shocking finds were burials below the floors of the houses. All skeletal remains were curled up in a foetal position and some skulls were painted red. There is evidence that the culture of Catalhoyuk inhabitants may have been to let vultures clean the bodies of the dead, leaving just the skeleton, to be buried. Using high tech archaeology techniques the secrets of Catalhoyuk are slowly being unravelled by archaeologists and are revealing a much more sophisticated Neolithic culture than would have been expected before the excavation of the site. Download Pictures & images of the Neolithic settlement of Catalhoyuk or buy as photo art prints on line. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Çatalhöyük Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Catalhoyuk Archaeological Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/catalhoyuk-site-turkey.html

Picture & images of the ruins of the Ancient Greek Didyma Temple of Apollo & home to the Oracle of Apollo. Also known as the Didymaion completed circa 550 BC. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. modern Didim in Aydin Province, Turkey. Ancient Greek Didyma Temple lies at one end of an 11 mile (24 KM) processional Sacred Way that started in Miletius on the western Anatolian coast in pesent day Turkey. Didyma Temple, or the Didymaion, was completed around 550 BC and was built over a spring from which an Oracle made prophecies. As this Oracle of Apollo was second only to the Oracle of Delphi in the Ancient World, Didyma Temple became an important centre. An annual procession was held along the Sacred Way from Mietius to Didyma. The culmination of the festivities was an annual feat which included athletic and artistic competitions. Victors were often honoured with statues, the bases of which can be seen today at the archaeological site. The inscriptions on these statue bases are citations to flute players, trumpeters, actors, pantomine artista and orators which give us a picture of the types of artistic competions held at Didyma. The Atheletic games held in the nearby stadium included wrestling, track racing but no chariot racing. Didyma Temple continued as an important temple until the 5th & 6th century AD when a Byzantine church was built in the Temple courtyard. Download picture & images of the ruins of the Ancient Greek Didyma Temple of Apollo & home to the Oracle of Apollo or buy as photo art prints on line. Add photos of Didyma Temple of Apollo Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/didyma-temple-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didyma Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures photos images of Ephesus of the Roman ruins of the library of Celsus. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. See & buy Ephesus stock photos or Ephesus photo art prints & cards. Ephesus ( Ephesos; Turkish Efes) was an ancient Greek city, and later a major Roman city, on the west coast of Asia Minor, near present-day Selçuk, Izmir Province, Turkey. It was one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League during the Classical Greek era. In the Roman period, it was for many years the second largest city of the Roman Empire; ranking behind Rome, the empire's capital. One of the landmark buildings of Ephesus is the library of Celsus. Completed in 135 AD by Celsus, son of Gaius Julius Aquila, the library of Celsus stored over 12,000 scrolls and was one of the great libraries of the ancient world. The library also served as a mausoleum for Celsus whose sarcophagus was buried below the library floor. The library of Celsus has become one of the iconic examples of Roman architecture. Ephesus is also linked with St Paul who lived in the city fro some time and wrote the Epistle to Ephesians while he was in prison in Rome (around 62 AD). Although St Paul was driven from Ephesus by its population who preferred their Pagan traditions to the new monotheistic Christian religion, Ephesus was probably an early strong hold of Christianity and St John may well have written his Gospel in Ephesus. Ephesus was one of the seven cities addressed in Revelation (Revelation 2:1–7), indicating that the church at Ephesus was strong. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephesus Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Ephesus Archaeological Sire using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/ephesus-celsus-library-turkey.html

(updated 2021) Pictures & images of the fairy chimneys, rock formations and cave churches and monasteries of Goreme National Park, Cappadocia. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. 2 million years ago Cappadocia was an active volcanic area with Mount Erciyes erupting lava and volcanic ash that covered 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq miles) to a depth of several hundred meters. Rain and flood waters have eroded deep gorges in Cappadocia area like Goreme National Park the water formed . 2.6 million years ago there was a massive volcanic eruption from Mount Erciyes in central Anatolia . This resulted in 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi) being covered in volcanic ash hundreds of meters deep. Over time the ash turned into soft volcanic tuff rock which was eroded by water into the rock formations we see today in Cappadocia. In some areas harder rock deposits protected the softer rock below leading to the formation of “fairy chimneys” or hoodoos. This has created an incredible landscape, entirely sculpted by water erosion, the Goreme valley and its surroundings contain rock hewn churches and monasteries that provide unique evidence of Byzantine art in the post-Iconoclastic period. Dwellings, troglodyte villages and underground towns dating back to the 4th century. Come of the biggest “fairy chimneys” or hoodoos can be seen in “Love Valley” near Goreme. When the weather and winds allow this is a popular valley for the hot air balloons, that are a popular dawn tourist trip, to descend into. Uçhisar was first reported in the 14th century by Aziz ibn Ardasir but was occupied far earlier by the Hittites. The natural defensive nature of the high volcanic tuff rock standing 60 meters high with a vantage point over the Cappadocian plateau made it a natural place to build a castle. The Byzantine Romans did this as part of a buffer zone against Islamic expansion into Anatolia in the 5th century. Zelve monastery complex is a series of interconnected cave churches and room that are cut into the soft volcanic rocks of a remote valley in the Goreme National Park. The landscape is typical of this part of Cappadocia with fairy chimney rock formations. There are thousands of cave dwellings to explore in the Goreme National Park which is why it is such a popular tourist destination Add photos of Cappadocia Turkey to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/cappadociaturkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Göreme_Historical_National_Park Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures & images of Great Palace of Constantinople Mosaics, Istanbul, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. When Constantine I re-founded Byzantium as Constantinople in 330, he planned out a palace for himself. The palace was located between the Hippodrome and Hagia Sophia. The complex of palaces was rebuilt and expanded several times during its history. Much of the complex was destroyed during the Nika riots of 532 and was rebuilt lavishly by the emperor Justinian I. Further extensions and alterations were commissioned by Justinian II and Basil I. However, it had fallen into disrepair by the time of Constantine VII, who ordered its renovation. The Roman Byzantine mosaics used to decorate the pavement of a peristyle court, dating possibly to the reign of Byzantine emperor Justinian I (r. 527-565). The area formed part of the south-western Great Palace, and the excavations discovered a large peristyle courtyard, with a surface of 1872 entirely decorated with mosaics. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Palace_of_Constantinople Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Great Palace Mosaics Istanbul using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/great-palace-mosaic-istanbul.html

Pictures of the archaelogical site of Hattusa, UNESCO World Heritage Site, Turkey. Hattusha or Hattusa was the capital of the Hittite Empire in the late Bronze age. Situated in central Turkey . The Old Kingdom - Around 1650 BC a Hittite-speaking king had chosen the site as his residence and capital and the city was renamed Hattusha, and the king took the name of Hattusili I or Labarna I and the began of a "Hittite" state and of a royal line of 27 Hittite Kings. Hattusili I fortified Hattusa and from this stronghold he started conquering lands to the South in Syria. Hattusili was succeeded by his son, Murshili I, who continued conquering territory by raiding the important city of Halab (Aleppo) and south in Mesopotamia as well as taking Babylon in 1531 BC. He turned rule of Babylon over his Kassite allies and returned to Hattusha where he was assassinated. The Hittite Kingdom was plunged into chaos and the Hurrians took advantage of this and took Aleppo. A series of weak Hittite kings saw a contraction of the Empire. The NEW KINGDOM - By the 14th century BC kingship had become hereditary and they took on an aura of being “super human” and were referred to as “My Sun” Under Tudhaliya (1380–1360 B.C.) and his son Shuppiluliuma I ( 1370–1330 B.C.) the Hittite Empire was consolidated and began to acquire land in Syria again. Aleppo was re-taken establishing Carchemish as a royal center. Egypt seeked an alliance by marriage of one of Shuppiluliuma’s sons with the widow of Tutankhamen but his son died. During the rule of Muwatalli (1295–1282 B.C) the Hittite capital moved south to Tarhuntasha. Ramesses II attempted to expand into Hittite Territory but was defeated Ramesses at the battle of Kadesh. DECLINE OF THE HITTIE EMPIRE - Under Tudhaliya IV (r. 1245–1215 B.C.), the fortifications of Hattusha were strengthened and the sanctuary of Yazilikaya was constructed. During his reign things stared to go wrong for the Hittites and Syrians incursions started to shrink his Empire as territory was lost in the west. Finally around 1200 mysteriously Hattusa was destroyed and the Empire collapsed in a period known as The Bonze Age Collapse. NEO HITTITES - Although the Hittite Empire disappeared, Hittite culture was kept alive in smaller Syrian Neo-Hittite kingdoms at Carchemish and Milid. These were gradually absorbed into the Neo Assyrian Empire. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history USEFUL LINKS Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Hattusa Archaeological Site Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hattusa-hittite-site-turkey.html

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of the ruins of Hierapolis archaeological site near Pamukkale in Turkey. Hierapolis is an ancient Spa City that traces its roots back to Classical Phrygia when it was the sacred site of Cybele. It was founded by the Attalid kings of Pergamon at the end of the 2nd century BC and its name was derived from Hiera, the beautiful wife of Telephos, the legendary founder of Pergamum. In 133 BC Attalus III died and he bequeathed his kingdom to Rome so Hierapolis became part of the Roman Asian Province. During the Greco-Roman Hierapolis was developed into a spa resort becoming a sacred city (hieron). Emperor Tiberius rebuilt and enlarged the thermal baths of Hierapolis circa 14 AD but the city was destroyed by an earthquake in 60 AD and rebuilt again. The Theatre was probably constructed under the reign of Hadrian after the earthquake of 60 AD and other Greco-Roman period ruins include baths, temple ruins, a monumental arch, a nymphaeum, and a necropolis. Hierapolis reached its peak of importance in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD and remained a thermal resort until 1334 when it was once again destroyed by an earthquake and abandoned. In 80 AD St Philip was martyred in Hierapolis and when Christianity became the official Roman religion the town was made a bishopric. In the 5th century AD an octagonal church, the Martyrium or Martyrdom of St Phillip was built on the site of his martyrdom and his tomb stands nearby. Hierapolis became a site of early Christian pilgrimage and an important religious centre for the Eastern Roman Empire. The Northern Necropolis of Hierapolis contains sarcophagi that date back 2000 years to its Hellenistic period. The Necropolis covers a vast site with huge monumental tombs of the wealthy families of Hierapolis. Add photos of Hieropolis using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/pamukkale-hierapolis-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierapolis Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures images photos of the Ivriz Hittite rock relief sculpture monument, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. The monument, a relief from the Late Hittites Empire era (1180-700 B.C), was built by Warpalawas who Was one of the kings of Tuwana about 800 B.0 on the face plate of a rock mass besides the Ivriz River. The Ivriz rock monument which is one of the important artworks of Late Hittite art which became Arameans has the sizes of 4.20x4.20 m, and it is an important monument that has survived since the Tuwana Kingdom which was conquered by the effects of Arameans. In Ivriz Hittite rock monument, Tarhundas the God of Thunder and Warpalawas the king of the region was illustrated. Tarhundas who was illustrated in a bigger size than the king holds a stook and a bunch of grapes in his hands. Thus, it is understood that Tarhundas is also the god of plenitude and fertility. The king is positioned in the opposite of god, smaller and in a praying position. In the relief, there is the expression saying "1 am Warpalawas the king of Tuwana, the ruler and a hero. I planted these grapes while I was a young prince in the palace. Let the god Tarhundas give plenitude and fertility.” READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Ivriz Hittie Relief Monument using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/ivriz-hittite-monument-turkey.html

Pictures & images of the Hittite sculptures and relief panels of Karatepe Open Air Museum, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Karatepe Aslantas is a Hittite archaeological site in southern Anatolia, Turkey. Karatepe was built as a Hittite fortress on the ancient Akyol trade caravan route which connected Cilicia in the southern palins with Central Anatolia and was used by Phoenician traders who traded manufactured goods for raw metals. Karatepe fortress is also situated on the edge of a gorge and controlled cedar wood that was floated down the ricer Ceyhan ( Pyramos) from Kadirli to the coast to be used in ship building. The fortress with 4m wide walls was founded in the 8th century BC by Azatiwada, the king of Quwê, a Neo-Hittite kingdom, and was originally known as Azatiwadaya. Some of the massive walls of Karatepe Aslantas have been rebuilt and two monumental gates were excavated from 1946 unearthing carved stone orthostat stele. Many of the Neo Hittite basalt orthostats that lined the inner walls of the North and South Gate had bilingual inscriptions in both Phoenician and Luwian hieroglyphics which allowed archaeologists to decipher the Hittite hieroglyphs also known as Anatolian hieroglyphs which were the indigenous logographic script native to central Anatolia, consisting of some 500 signs. Pictures and images of the Hittite stele known as the “Karatepe bilingual," which have been compared to the Rosetta Stone, are to be found in this photo gallery . Pictures of the North and South Gate stele also reveal a wonderful collection of Neo Hittite art Bas relief sculptures of Hittite Gods including a stele with a wonderful sculpture of the Ancient Egyptian God Bes. These stele demonstrate the imaginative nature of Hittite art with sculptures of strange mythical animal Gods, Goddesses and statues of mythical creatures, sphinxes and lions. Many of the Gods are interacting with mortals. Left in situ, where they were placed in the 8th century BC, these Hittite artworks are today protected by a roof from the elements so can be enjoyed 3000 years later by visitors to Karatepe. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Download Pictures & images of the Hittite sculpture art stele of Karatepe Aslantas Open Air Museum on line or buy Hittite art as photo art prints. Add photos of Karatepe Hittite photos using ADD TO CART button Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of Kaunos ( Caunus ) was an ancient city located on an inlet on the Aegean Sea, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Kaunos was the mythical Greek son of Miletos, Apollo's Son. He fell in love with his twin sister Byblis and in an attempt to avoid his illicit passion Kaunos ran away and built a new city far away. In the 5th cent. B.C Kaunos was a city on the border of Lycia and Caria. The rock tombs on the edge of Kaunos are fronted with Hellenistic Ionic order temple fronts. Similar to Lycian rock tombs except that the rock is carved around the sides of the tombs almost making them freestanding. The rock tombs are cut into the cliffs above the River Dalyan that runs below. Kaunos sits on a hilly outcrop above a natural harbour that is today silted up. It is a wild archaeological site with a picturesque backdrop of rounded hills and the Aegean Sea in the distance. Kaunos has a large, as can be seen in our photos, 2nd cent. B.C amphitheatre that sat 5000 people which gives some idea of the importance and size of the city. On a flat man made platform is a temple and a round sanctuary. When excavated by Professor Ogun an obelisk was found 6 meters below the temple at the level of an older temple site. This is thought to represent the god Basileos Kaunos to whom offerings would have been made. Our pictures of the remains of a Byzantine christian church on the upper terrace show that the roof has fallen in but the church is the best example of a 5th cent. church in Anatolia. Today Kaunos is still the seat of a Bishopric although the seat is vacant. The history of the city is the same as for all the Aegean cities. In the 4th cent. B.C Kaunos came under Persian rule until 334 B.C when Alexander the Great took the city. After Alexanders death Kaunos came under the control his General Ptolemy and whose family ruled Egypt until his line finished with the death of Cleopatra. It then became a Roman city Add photos of Dalyan and Kaunos Archaeological Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/dalyan-lycian-tombs-and-kaunos.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalyan Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures, Images and photos of Ancient Magnesia on the Maeander archaeological site, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Magnesia was an important Greek city state in Anatolia that is situated between Priene Ephasus and Trailles in the fertile Maeander river valley. The history of Magnesia followed the same pattern as other cities in Ionia. For a time it came under Lydian rule then around 560 BC the city came under Persian rule. The area then swapped between Persian & Greek rule until Alexander The Great conquered Persia in 334 BC. When Alexander died his Empire was split amongst his generals and Magnesia came under Selucid rule. In 192 BC the Selucid King Antiochus III invaded Greece, under Roman rule, with a 10,000 man army. Antiochus was routed at Themopylae and withdrew to Anatolia. The Romans followed though and supported by the army of the King of Pergamon defeated Antiochus at the Battle of Magnesia in 190 BC ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Magnesia ). Magnesia was then ruled by the Pergamon Kings until 133 BC when Attalus III, king of Pergamon, died leaving no heirs and bequeathing his kingdom to the Rome. The archaeological site was excavated in 1891 by the German archaeologist Carl Human, who excavated Pergamon, and revealed the Artemis Temple, the Agora, the temple of Zeus and the Prytaneion. The site had been badly depleted by the local use of the limestone ruins to make lime. The use of stone from Magnesia continued and by the time excavations resumed in 1984 much of ancient Magnesia had been destroyed. Add photos of Magnesia Archaeological Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/magnesia-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Magnesia Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures and Images of Midas City, Yazilikaya, Phrygian monuments, tombs and cisterns, Yazilikaya Valley, Eskisehir, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Ancient Midas City is located just west of the Yazilikaya village in the Han district of Eskisehir, in the southern part of the Yazilikaya Valley. It is founded on the rocky Yazilikaya plateau. The citadel measures about 650 m long and 320 m wide and rises about 60-70 m above the valley floor. The most famous monument of Midas city is the Midas Monument. This is the largest Phrygian rock cut facade monument, measuring 17m x 16.5m. It represents the front of a Phrygian megaron type building with a low pitched roof. It is known locally as yazilikaya , which means “written rock”, because of the Paleo-Phrygian inscriptions carved above the rock above the roof outline, down the right side and in the niche. The upper inscription dedicates the monument to King Midas, and so it is also known as the “Midas Monument”. The niche probably contained an image of the Phrygian Mother Goddess, and the word. It is thought that in the Phrygian Period the city was surrounded by walls. Today, there is no trace of any wall structure, but shapes were cut like stairs at certain points of the natural rock faces surrounding the city prove there had been some additional defence system or built fortification. The main entrance of the city is in the east. The road that rises to the main rock here is known as the King's Road (Procession road) . Along the road there are figures carved on the rocks. The most important rock monuments on the Midas plateau are monumental altars, vaulted rock tunnels, rock-cut stairways, and cisterns. In the rock faces surrounding the citadel are many rock-cut chamber tombs, cult facades, stepped altars and niches. The rock cut cult monuments at Midas City and in the Yazilikaya Valley reflect the deep respect and devotion that the Phrygians felt for the Mother Goddess Matar Kubileya. Although these monuments' architectural conception, consisting of facades, altars, and niches, differ from each other, all of them are outdoor temples devoted to the cult of the Mother Goddess Matar Kubileya. Midas City, with its unique monumental rock structures, is a very important cultural treasure and has been nominated for addition to UNESCO's list of World Cultural and Natural Heritage. It must be preserved by us for future generations. Add photos of Ancient Midas Yazilikaya Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/ancient-midas-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yazılıkaya,_Eskişehir Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures photos images of the Ancient Greek & Roman building ruins of Miletus Archaeological Site, Anatolia, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Miletus is situated on the delta of the Maeander River where it flows into the Aegean sea and dates back to Neolithic times. During the Archaic Greek Period Miletus became one of the twelve ancient Greek cities of Ionia which came under Persian rule. The ancient harbour city of Miletus was the economic and cultural centre of the eastern Aegean and home to the early natural philosophers Thales and Anaximander. Via the Maeander River Valley Miletus also connected to the Central Anatolian High Plateau. At the turn of the 5th century BCE Miletus led an unsuccessful uprising of Greek Ionian cities against Persian rule and was punished with destruction. Renewed prosperity during the Hellenistic and the Roman imperial periods resulted in many opulent marble buildings. A Greek Theatre was built which was remodelled many times to a width of 139.8 meters to seat 18,500 people. Miletus was connected to Temple of Apollon at Didyma by a Sacred Way. At the beginning of the Sacred Way is an Ionic Stoa forming a colonnade of Ionic order that is 99 m long, 9 m high. A portico served as a covered grandstand and ornamental backdrop during various ceremonious processions on the street in front of it. The Baths of Faustina were the largest bath and sports complex at Miletus in Roman times. Established by Faustina the Younger, wife of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius (161-180 AD). In Late Antiquity the building was used as part of the city fortifications of Miletus. The Great Harbour monument was opened by the city of Miletus either in honour of the achievements of Pompeius in his war against the pirates (67 BC) or for the victory of Augustus over Mark Antony and Cleopatra in the battle of Actium (31 BC). In late antiquity the Maeander delta became cut off from the open sea and led to annual flooding of Miletus ancient city centre. Later Byzantine and Islamic developments at Miletus were on the high ground above the flood plain. Add photos of Miletus Archaeological Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/miletus-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miletus Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures Images photos of the ancient Lycian archaeological site of Myra, Demre, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. The city is situated at the foot of the Alaca Dag (mountain) on the edge of the fertile alluvial plain close to the Aegean Sea. Myra became part of the Lycian alliance in 168 B.C and was one of the largest towns in the alliance. There are 2 necropolis of Lycian rock cut tombs in Myra. The tombs are cut into the rock and fronted with temple fronts. These would have been family tombs and one still has a relief sculpture of its owner, a gladiator in full Roman armour, cut into the rock above the tomb entrance. Lycians also built tombs onto of pillars often with a characteristic pointed curved roof or in the shape of small Greek Temples. In Christian times Myra was the metropolis of Lycia whose famous 4th century charitable Bishop, Saint Nicholas of Myra, is better known around the world today as Santa Claus. The Saint Nicholas Basilica in the new town of Demre, next to Myra, was built in the 8th century and the bones of Saint Nicholas were stolen during the Turkish invasions and taken to "safety" in Bari, Italy. Mira is on the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List Add photos of Myra Lycian Tombs using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/myra-lycian-tombs-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myra Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures, images & photos of of Mount Nemrut Dağı summit ancient statues. (Mount Nemrut or Nemrud), Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. A Unesco World Heritage Site, Turkey. Photos & images of the ancient tomb ruins of Antiochus 1. Mount Nemrut (Dagi) comprises the Hellenistic mausoleum of Antiochus. In the first century BC, the Roman-Persian king Antiochus I of Commagene (a kingdom north of Syria and the Euphrates) ordered to build a grave on the summit of Mount Nemrut and place statues the west and East sides. The mountain top terraces of Mount Nemrut had four meter high statues of ancient gods and Antiochus. The statues represent Apollo, Fortuna, Heracles, Commagene and Zeus. The Tomb stands on the top of Mount Nemrut at 2,134 m (7,001 ft) high. It is thought that the top of the mountain was leveled then the Mausaleum built, although no burial chamber has yet been found. After Antiochus death all of the people of his kigdom were ordered to bring a small stone to the top of the mountain from which a loose stone pyramid shaped tumulus was made 49 m (161 ft) high and 152 m (499 ft) in diameter over a mausoleum. This has protected the mausoleum, if one exists, as to get to it the whole tumulus would have to be removed. This has remained a problem for Archaeologists who cannot yet tunnel in the loose stones to see if the Mount Nemrut mausoleum exists. Add photos of Nemrut Dagi Ancient Statues to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/nemrutdagiancientstatues-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Nemrut UNESCO World Heritage https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/448

(updated 2021) Pictures photos image of the fairy chimney rock formations and rock pillars of “Pasaba Valley” near Goreme, Cappadocia, Nevsehir, Turkey. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. 2.6 million years ago there was a massive volcanic eruption from Mount Erciyes in central Anatolia . This resulted in 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi) being covered in volcanic ash hundreds of meters deep. Over time the ash turned into soft volcanic tuff rock which was eroded by water into the rock formations we see today in Cappadocia. In some areas harder rock deposits protected the softer rock below leading to the formation of fairy chimneys. The Pasaba Valley, near Goreme, has some fine examples of fairy chimneys and the harder rocks that top the rock pillars are known as tent rocks. In the early days of Christianity Christians came to wild areas of Cappadocia to take refuge from the Roman Christian purges. This did not always make them safe though as a group of Christians was put to death in Cappadocia under Emperor Galerius after hideous tortures. Saint Cyril of Caesarea was beheaded in 251 in Caesarea, Cappadocia. Christian monasteries survived in Cappadocia hidden away in inaccessible valleys and they sent out missionaries like Sisinius of Cappadocia who was Missionary to the Tyrol region of Austria where he died in 397. The Cappadocian Fathers, also traditionally known as the Three Cappadocian's, are Saint Basil the Great (330–379), who was bishop of Caesarea; Basil's younger brother Gregory of Nyssa (c. 335 – c. 395), who was bishop of Nyssa; and a close friend, Gregory of Nazianzus (329–389), who became Patriarch of Constantinople. Later Christians came to Cappadocia seeking sanctuary, later from Persian and Arab invasions of Anatolia. In the wild Pasaba Valley monks cut churches into the soft volcanic rock of the fairy chimneys and formed small monasteries. Add photos of Pasaba Valley Rock Churches Cappadocia Turkey to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/cappadociaturkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappadocia Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures, images and photos of Pergamon ( Bergama ), archaeological site, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. The Kingdom of Pergamon was ruled by Eumenes II in 197-159 B.C who expanded the Library of Pergamon. The copying of ancient manuscripts was a lucrative business in the ancient world and the Library Alexandria had the monopoly of the great books and the Egyptian papyrus that they were copied onto. When the Library of Pergamon to began to rival that in Alexandria and the Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt banned the export of papyrus to Pergamon. Not to be defeated the Library at Pergamon invented a substitute, Parchment, which is made from animal skin and could be cut into squares and bound into the first books known as codex. In 133 B.C Attalus III of Pergamon died without an heir and left the Kingdom of Pergamon to the Roman Empire. Under the rule of Mark Anthony, Cleopatra took the opportunity to persuade him that the books of the Library of Pergamon would be better housed in the Library of Alexandria, so Pergamon lost is great library and slowly declined. The archaeological site of Pergamon is one of the most dramatic sites of antiquity. The white Corinthian columns of the Temple of Trajan are visible from miles away. Started by Emperor Trajan the construction of the Temple was finished by Hadrian (117 AD). From the Acropolis one of the steepest amphitheatres of the ancient world descends down the hillside. Capable of holding an audience of 10,000 the theatre was constructed in the 3rd cent. B.C. Under the rule of Emperor Caracalla (211-217 AD) the theatre was given a Roman makeover. The Upper Acropolis Great Altar of Pergamon constructed by Eumenes II in the first half of the 2nd cent. B.C was excavated in 1878 by German engineer Carl Humann. The thousands of fragments of the freeze were reconstructed by Italian restorers in Berlin. The Pergamon Museum was built to house the great altar. Add photos of Pergamon Archaeological Site Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/pergamon-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures images photos of Perge ( Perga ) Archaeological Site, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Perge (Greek: Perga ) was an ancient Greek city in Anatolia and the capital of in Antalya province on the southwestern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. During the Hellenistic period, Perga was one of the richest and most beautiful cities in the ancient world,[citation needed] famous for its temple of Artemis and its renowned ancient Greek mathematician Apollonius of Perga. In the twelfth century BC, there was a large wave of Greek migration from northern Anatolia to the Mediterranean coast. Perga was founded around 1000 BC and is nearly 20 kilometres (12 mi) inland to avoid the pirate bands that terrorized this stretch of the Mediterranean. In 546 BC, the Achaemenid Persians defeated the local powers and gained control of the region, then in 333 BC Alexander the Great retook Perga from the Persians. Roman rule began in 188 BC, and most of the surviving ruins today date from this period. In 46 A.D., according to the Acts of the Apostles, St. Paul journeyed to Perga, where he delivered a sermon. The Romans carried out extensive building in Perga creating one of the most beautiful cities in all of Anatolia. In the first half of the fourth century, during the reign of Constantine the Great (324-337), Perga became an important centre of Christianity. After the collapse of the Roman Empire, Perga remained inhabited until Seljuk times, before being gradually abandoned. Add photos of Perge or Perga Archaeological Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/perge-archaeological-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perga Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures photos images of Sardis (Sart Turkey), the capital of the Lydian Empire situated in western Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Sardis was one of the great important cities of Asia Minor that thrived under the rule of King Croesus famed for his wealth and the minting of the first bimetallic coins in gold and silver. Croesus fearing an invasion from the Persians consulted the Oracle of Delphi asking if he attacked the Persians would he win. He was told that if he attacked the Persians a great Empire would fall. Taking this as a good omen Croesus attacked the Persians and a great Empire did fall, that of the Lydians as the Persians took and sacked Sardis and Croesus ended his life as a Persian slave. In 334 BC Sardis fell to Alexander the Great who sacked the city in revenge for the Persian sack of Athens. The Romans then conquered Sardis and building fine buildings like the reconstructed Bath Gymnesium that can be seen in our photo collection. The gymnasium is a typical Greco Roman design of Anatolian Roman cities incorporating Greek classical features with Roman architecture. In 1963 excavations unearthed perhaps the most impressive synagogue in the western diaspora yet discovered from antiquity, yielding over eighty Greek and seven Hebrew inscriptions as well as numerous mosaic floors. The presence of a 4th Cent Synagogue in a major Roman city has caused the relationship between Jews and the late Roman Empire to be re-examined. The Temple of Artimis was originally the fourth largest Ionic temple when it was originally built in 300 B.C. In 150 AD under Roman rule when the worship of the Emperor required all Roman cities to have a Temple dedicated to the Imperial family. The temple was split into two sections with one half for Artemis and the Empress Faustina and the other for Zeus and Emperor Antoninus Pius and the present construction shows elements of Greek and Roman styles. Add photos of Sardis Archaeological Site Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/sardis-archaeological-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardis Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures images and photos of Selime Cathedral ( Selime Monastery or Selime Castle), Cappadocia Turkey. , Selime Cathedral is the biggest rock cathedral in the area. It has been used as a castle then as a monastery by many civilisations through history including Byzantine, Persian, Hittites, and Ottoman Empire. Selime monastery has a big rock cathedral with a central aisle and two aisles either side with two rows of rock columns. Frescoes, now very badly damaged date from the 9th century or beginning of the 10th century A.D. The size of the church and the monastery itself shows the significance of the monastery. Selime monastery also contains rooms in cut into the rock that were the quarters for monks, two halls, a stable for mules, and a large kitchen. Because the kitchen was built in the rock with no windows lamps were used as a lighting source. Its high pyramid shaped roof carried smoke from the fires upwards and out through a flu. Most of the rooms of Selime Cathedral complex are now open due to rock slides either from poor construction or earthquakes. The size of Selime Cathedral complex gives some idea of the importance Cappadocia had in early and middle Christian eras.

Pictures images photos of Tylos Lycian archaeological site Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Situated in the Xanthos Valley, Tylos is one of the most important Lycian cities of the region. Tlos is known as the city where mythological hero Bellerophon and his winged flying horse Pegasus lived. Archaeological excavations have shown that Tlos is the oldest city of Lycian Region. Tlos dates back to the time before 2000 B.C. The graveyard necropolis in the acropolis cliffs are filled with the typical Lycian house or temple type tombs. When Roman Byzantium fell, Tlos was occupied by the Ottoman Turks and remained inhabited until the 18th century. Tlos is on the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tylos Visit our LYCIAN PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Lycians-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000avDPmEIztMQ Add photos of Tylos Lycian Rock Tombs using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/tlos-archaeological-site-turkey.html

Pictures, images & photos of Troy Archaeological site, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Troy was the setting for one of the great Greek tragedies Ancient Greece. According to the legend the goddesses Athena, Hera and Aphrodite quarrelled over a golden apple known as the Apple of Discord which was to be given to the fairest goddess. Zeus sent the three goddesses to Paris to decide and he chose Aphrodite to be the fairest. In return she made Helen, wife of Menelaus fall in love with Paris and he eloped with her to Troy. Enraged, Agamemnon King of Mycaenae and brother of Melaneus raised an army to besiege Troy and get Helen back. Agememnon besieged Troy for 10 years during which time many heros like Achilles, Ajax, Hector and Paris himself were killed in battles but Troy did not fall. Then the famous wooden horse of Troy was built and the ruse led to the downfall and destruction of the city. The Torjan war supposedly happened in the 12th or 13th cent. B.C which makes the archaeological site of Troy very old indeed. It therefore does not have the great buildings of later Greek & Roman cities and is still very much work in progress. In 1870 German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann excavated the site and his trench across part of the site exposed layers going cake to the period of the Trojan War which were charred from a great fire. After a century of controversy most scholars today agree with Schliemann that the ruins are those of Troy. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Add photos of Troy Archaeological Site Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/troy-archaeological-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy Visit our ANCIENT WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-World-Art-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C00006u26yqSkDOM

(updated 2021) Pictures image photos of Uchisar castle, cave city and fairy chimney rock formations and rock pillars, Uchisar, Cappadocia, Nevsehir, Turkey. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Uçhisar was first reported in the 14th century by Aziz ibn Ardasir but was occupied far earlier by the Hittites. The natural defensive nature of the high volcanic tuff rock standing 60 meters high with a vantage point over the Cappadocian plateau made it a natural place to build a castle. The Byzantine Romans did this as part of a buffer zone against Islamic expansion into Anatolia in the 5th century. The Byzantine Romans built passages below the castle with cave houses for the 1000 people who manned the castle. Underground galleries run down 100 meters below the rocks summit where the castle stood. When Anatolia eventually fell to the Arabs Uçhisar became an Arab stronghold with a small caravanserais for merchants camel trains to stop in at night. Today Uçhisar castle rock is an impressive sight with windows visible running up its sheer sides. Earthquakes have caused damage to the rock exposing rooms deep within. One family still lives in one of Uchisar’s fairy chimneys and runs a cafe from it. It has been their family home for generations and is still decorated as all the traditional fairy chimney house were in the area. Add photos of Uchisar castle Cappadocia Turkey to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/cappadociaturkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappadocia Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of the Vadisi Monastery Valley, "Manastır Vadisi”, cave churches Cappadocia, the Ihlara Valley, Guzelyurt , Aksaray Province, TurkeyThe Ihlara valley in central Turkey is the site of many underground cities and early Christian Cave monasteries. The Vadisi Monastery Valley at Güzelyurt is 5.5 km long within which are 28 churches including St Georges Church, Sivisli (St Anargitios) Church, Koc Church, Kalburlu (St. Epthemios) church, Komurlu church & 2 underground citiesKalburlu (St. Epthemios) church dates back to the 9th or 10th century. It is carved out of a single rock massive with rock columns holding up the roof of its church . The arches of Kalburlu (St. Epthemios) church have rich architectural decorated relif sculptures. The naves are connected by rounded arches & there is a baptismal font to the east of the main entrance. Komurlu Church dates from the 9th century. The Komurlu Church is a rectangular plan with one naive with an atrium, narthex, nave, bema and apse. There is a baptistry in the south wall. In the middle of the vaulted cieling is a painted red Maltese style cross. Comlekci Church is a Roman Byzantine church dating from the 10th century. the south section of the roof frescoes depict the Evangel, Christmas and the adoration of the magi. The northern panel frescoes depict Christ and the Cross. Koc Church dates from the 10th or 11th century and is rectangular in plan. The frescoes of Koc church depict two standing figures. One of them is an angel with a staff and a globe in eah hand. The other figure is a saint with an aura around the head. Both are richly clothed with ornaments decorated with pearls. Guzelyurt Chuch Mosque, formely St Gregorius church is among the most beautiful early Christian buildings in Cappadocia. Built in 385 by Emperor Theodosius it is dedicated to St Gregory of Nazianzus, a classically trained theologian. The original church has been altered into the Greek Cross floor plan of today. Add photos of Vadisi Monastery Valle Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/vadisi-monastery-valley-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Güzelyurt Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures images photos of the Uratian Van Fortress Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. The Fortress of Van is a massive stone fortification built by the ancient kingdom of Urartu during the 9th to 7th centuries BC, and is the largest example of its kind. It overlooks the ruins of Tushpa the ancient Urartian capital during the 9th century which was centered upon the steep-sided bluff where the fortress now sits. A number of similar fortifications were built throughout the Urartian kingdom, usually cut into hillsides and outcrops in places where modern-day Armenia, Turkey and Iran meet. At the Van Citadel there is a "royal stable" (Siršini) of the dimensions of 20m length, 9m width and 2,5m height, carved in rock. Oxen and sheep were held here to be sacrificed for the Urartian gods, according to the inscriptions discovered at the location. A stereotyped trilingual inscription of Xerxes the Great from the 5th century BC is inscribed upon a smoothed section of the rock face, some 20 meters (60 feet) above the ground near the fortress. Add photos of Van Fortress Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/van-fortress-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Fortress Visit our ANCIENT WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-World-Art-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C00006u26yqSkDOM

Pictures images photos of the Lycian city of Xanthos (Lycian: Arñna, Latin: Xanthus, Turkish: Ksantos), Antalya, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Xanthos was a center of culture and commerce for the Lycians, and later for the Persians, Greeks, including Macedonians, and Romans who in turn conquered the city and occupied the adjacent territory. In approximately 540 BC, according to Herodotus, the Persians met and defeated a small Lycian army in the flatlands to the north of the city. After the encounter, the Lycians retreated into the city which was besieged by Harpagus. The Lycians destroyed their own Xanthian acropolis, killed their wives, children, and slaves, then proceeded on a suicidal attack against the superior Persian troops. Thus, the entire population of Xanthos perished but for 80 families who were absent during the fighting. The Xanthian Obelisk, also known as the Xanthos or Xanthus Stele is trilingual with three languages of Greek, Lycian A, and Lycian B, or Milyan and a section remains at Xanthos. he Lycian "Harpy Tomb" is a marble pillar tomb from 480-470 B.C. The Greek Archaic style carvings of four winged female figures, Harpies, that covered the tomb were removed by Charles Fellows in 1838 and are now in the British Museum as is the Xanthos Letoon, an important sanctuary of Leto daughter of Titans Coeus & Phoebe. Xanthos was made a UNESCO World Heritage Archaeological Site in 1988. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthos Visit our LYCIAN PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Lycians-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000avDPmEIztMQ Add photos of Xanthos using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/xanthos-lycian-turkey.html

Pictures images photos of Hittite religious rock carvings of Yazılıkaya Hittite rock sanctuary, chamber A, 13th century BC, Hattusa, Bogazale, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Yazilikaya (i.e. rock with writing) is the largest known Hittite rock sanctuary. The main part of this sacred site is formed by the roofless, court-like chamber A and a much smaller chamber B. Both were separated from the outside by a large building complex that contains the same features as a normal Hittite temple: one enters through a representative gate (1) and passes through a court which is flanked by a columned hall into the holy areas A and B. The major difference is, that chamber A and B were never covered with a roof. One assumes that chamber A at Yazilikaya played an important role during the New Year festivals in March, whereas chamber B probably had function in the ancestors cult of the kings of the 13th cent. BC. Accessible via a narrow passage the chamber B was probably a memorial chapel to Tudhaliya IV dedicated by his son Supiliums II at the end of the 13th century BC. Buried until the end of the last century the reliefs on the walls are much better preserved than those in the main chamber. The row of twelve gods with sickle shaped swords on their shoulders is similar to the last row of male deities in Chamber A. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Yazılıkaya Hittite Rock Sanctuary using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/yazilikaya-hittite-sanctuary-hattusa.html U

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of Zelve Cave Monastery complex, 7th century, Goreme National Park, Cappadocia, Nevsehir, Turkey. A UNESCO World Heritage Site. Cappadocia was home to Christians since St Paul visited the region to preach the Gospels in the 1st century AD. The most famous Christian of the area were the 4th century Cappadocian Fathers who were Saint Basil, his younger brother Gregory of Nyssa & Gregory of Nazianzus all of who became important religious leaders of the Orthodox church. Zelve monastery complex is a series of interconnected cave churches and room that are cut into the soft volcanic rocks of a remote valley in the Goreme National Park. The landscape is typical of this part of Cappadoccia with fairy chimney rock formations. Zelve if typical of the Cappadocian monasteries of the iconoclastic period (725-842). The frescoes that decorate its churches are kept a strict minimum of symbols most often with simple sculpted or tempera painted crosses. The ban on depicting religious images at the time Zelve wad founded prohibited anything more than simple geometric patterns. There are depictions of Christ Pantocrator in the apse of one of the churches, but this comes from a later period when the ban was lifted. The Zelve valley was a monastic retreat between the 9th and 13th centuries for Christians during the Persian and Arab invasions. The cave houses at Zelve were inhabited until 1952, when the last inhabitants moved to the new town Yeni Zelve 2 km away. Today Zelve is an an open-air museum. Add photos of Zelve Cave Monastery Cappadocia Turkey to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/cappadociaturkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zelve_Monastery Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

(updated 2021) Add photos of Cata lhoyuk Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Catalhoyuk - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well). Pictures images photos of the artefacts & antiquities excavated from Catalhoyuk (Çatalhöyük ) archaeological site, near Konya, Turkey. The biggest Neolithic settlement yet discovered has yielded archaeology that uncovered a Neolithic world unknown to archaeologists. The square Neolithic houses at Catalhoyuk were built tightly packed together. There were few spaces between the Catalhoyuk ( Çatalhöyük ) houses, and these appear to have been used as communal rubbish middens. Household waste such as animal bones from butchery, plant remains from cooking and broken pottery was disposed of here. Some of the spaces show evidence of having been used as pens for animals such as sheep and goats. Activities such as digging for building material and winnowing of grain took place at the edge of Catalhoyuk. There were also larger rubbish dumps here, next to the marshes that surrounded the site. The buildings of Catalhoyuk were built from sun-dried mud bricks and a lime or clay mortar. The roofs, supported by internal timber posts, were made up of thickly layered clay. Current theories suggest that some of the day to day activities such as cooking and food preparation took place on top of the roofs as well as inside. Many of the interior walls of the houses of Catalhoyuk were decorated with frescoes depicting vultures, hunting scenes, ceremonies, leopards and geometric designs. Many original and recreations can be seen in this Catalhoyuk artwork page. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Çatalhöyük Visit our PREHISTORIC PLACES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Prehistoric-Neolithic-Sites-Art-Artefacts-Pictures-Photos/C0000tfxw63zrUT4 Add photos of Catalhoyuk Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page athttps://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/prehistoric-neolithic-art.html - Type Catalhoyuk into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

(updated 2021) Pictures & images of Hittite art, Hittite sculptured relief orthostat panels, Hittite statues, Hittite pottery & ceramics. The webs biggest and most comprehensive on line pictures & images of monumental Hittite art and Hittite artefacts from 1700 to 700 BC. It was only 120 years or so ago that what was though to be the mythical Biblical Hittites were discovered to not only have actually existed but were one of the 3 great powers of the ancient world who competed and fought with Egypt and Assyria for supremacy. The Hittite Empire dates from around 1600 to 1200 BC and thanks to the Hittites highly bureaucratic state that wrote everything down on clay tablets, discovered in the early 1900s in the ruins of their ancient capital Hattusa, scholars have slowly been able to piece together their history. Around 1180 BC, during the Bronze Age collapse, the Hittites splintered into several independent "Neo-Hittite" city-states, some of which survived until the 8th century BC before succumbing to the Neo-Assyrian Empire. Most of the Hittite art that survives today is from the Neo Hittite period in the form of Bas relief sculpted stone slabs that adorned the walls of Hittite buildings. Hittite monumental art shows that the Hittites had a fertile creative imagination with a vast pantheon of Gods. Hittite art focused primarily on its Gods and in the process created endearing artworks that depicted the Hittite pantheon of gods. The Hittites believed the world was populated by thousands of gods. Every mountain, animal, tree and insect had its own god. Gods were thought to be like humans but bigger. Gods had human emotions and needs and were not seen to be invincible spirits that were faultless. Like humans the Hittite gods were believed to like dancing, music, athletic contests, making love and good food. Hittite sculptors had to solve the problem of clearly depicting a huge pantheon of Gods in Hittite art. Each God had a written set of attributes and a hierarchical standing in the pantheon lists. When the Gods appear together in groups each God has to be portrayed at a scale that reflects its status. At Yazilikaya what appears to us to be a series of processions moving across the rock faces towards the heart of the temple, are in fact a series of static Gods, unrelated to each other, each depicted in its correct place in the pantheon. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Add photos of Hittite Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Use the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of the Sam’al's Hittite monumental relief orthostat panels & Hittite sculpture statues, Sam'al (Zincirli Höyük), Gazientep, Turkey. The site of Sam'al was occupied in the Early Bronze Age, and is thought to be part of the kingdom of Yamhad. Sam'al became a middle power at the end of the 10th century BCE. It had expanded from being a city state and gained territories from Carchemish. The site was excavated between 1888 and 1902 by expeditions led by Felix von Luschan and Robert Koldewey, supported by the German Orient Committee. The Sam'al Royal steles and stone tablets excavated from the period, of Kilamuva and Panamuva II, are the main sources for historical data. The 9th century BC Kilamuwa Stela of King Kilamuwa, from the Kingdom of Sam'al. The stele is a 16-line text in Phoenician. King Kilamuwa is shown standing on the upper left and addressing four Canaanite god-insignias with his right arm and finger. His left hand is draped at his left side holding a wilted lotus flower, a symbol of a king's death. He is dressed in king's regalia with hat, and his figure stands at the beginning of the first nine lines of the text. Many Hittite statues were excavated from Sam’al including several Hittite lion statues, a Colossal Statue of the Weather God Hadad & Sphinx. Download Pictures & images of the Hittite monumental relief orthostat panels & Hittite sculpture statues from Sam’al or buy as photo art prints on line. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Sam’al' Hittite Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Samal - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc

Pictures photos images of Alaca Hoyuk (Alacahoyuk) Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels, Hittite sculpture and museum artefacts from the archaeological site near Alaca, Turkey. From the 14th century BC Alaca Huyuk was under Hittite rule. Alaca Huyuk was excavated by German archaeologists in 1910 who revealed the Sphinx Gates to the ancient city. Due to the intervention of the First World War, the excavations stopped and were resumed by Hamit Kosay in 1935 and continued until 1970. The ancient Hittite of Alaca Hoyuk and earlier antiquities are housed in the Museum of the Anatolian Civilisations in Ankara. The most complete structure left in Alaca Hoyuk is the Sphinx Gate with its entrance flanked by 2 Hittite Sphinx statues and its outer and inner walls clad with monumental Hittite relief art orthostats. The exterior wall to the left of the gate entrance has a monumental Hittite relief orthostat group that form a continuous scene. These Hittite orthostats depict a sacrifice by the king and queen, followed by attendants, to a divinity—the storm-god—in the form of a bull. The king wears 'priestly garb ' and carries the lituus, He is standing in front of the altar in an attitude of adoration, hand raised towards the image of the god, the normal attitude of prayer. In another Hittite orthostat an attendant leading in the animals—rams and goats—for the sacrifice. A further reliefs depicts jugglers and another with a hunting scenes show art unexpected liberty of movement and an understanding of animal life, already noticeable in the statuettes of stags and bulls. The large archaeological site at Alaca Hoyuk has bronze age necropolis where burial chambers that were of nobles or maybe Royals where many precious finds were found. The archaeological site at Alaca Hoyuk also has its won museum where Hittites and earlier excavated artefacts are housed. This gallery of pictures shows Hittite relief sculpted orthostats depict a King & Queen before an altar from Alacahöyük , Sacrificial animals being led from Alacahöyük and Conjurer & acrobats. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Alaca Hoyuk Hittite Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Alaca Hoyuk - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of Anatolian & Hittite hieroglyph panels and stele as well as cuneiform clay tablets. Hieroglyph is the generic name of the writing system using picture symbols which was invented in Egypt and affected Aegean and Anatolia. Hittite used two writing systems. These are the diplomatic cuneiform writing taken from Mesopotamia , and the pictorial writing known as Luwian hieroglyph. The ancient civilisations of Babylon, Assyria, Egypt and the Hittites used a common cuneiform to send letter to each other. Thousands of Hittite cuneiform tablets have been excavated from Hattusa dealing with all aspects of Hittite life from simple transactions to treaties with other Empires. During the early Hittite Empire period hieroglyphs were used in monumental rock reliefs and orthostats. After the collapse of the Hittite Empire and the creation of independent Hittite principalities, the writing used by these Late or Neo Hittite Kingdoms were hieroglyphs and cuneiform was dropped. The Neo Hittite Kingdoms were established in Southern Anatolia and Northern Syria after the fall of the Hittite Empire in 1200 B.C. The inscriptions accompanying reliefs carved on the rocks, the inscriptions on stone stelae, the legends on the seals of kings and persons, the inscriptions on some metal containers, on certain weapons such as spearhead, and partly short inscriptions on the pottery; all of these are written in hieroglyphic system. Luwian Hieroglyph continued until the invasion of Assyria. Thus, it can be assumed that Luwian language lived in ancient Anatolia for about 1500 years. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Hittite Cuneiform and Hieroglyphics Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Cuneiform OR Hieroglyphic - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc

Pictures photos images of Hittite pottery artefacts & Hittite terra cotta antiquities from 16th - 9th century BC . The creativity of monumental Hittite relief panels would lead us to imagine that Hittite ceramics would be equally exciting. Most Hittite pottery is undecorated “drab wear”. Hittite pottery is largely a continuation of a tradition started in Anatolia in the 3rd millennium BC which continued until the end of the Empire period. The Neo-Hittite states produced increasingly poor pottery. In the 16th century the Old Hittites produced spectacular polychrome relief-decorated vases. The few Hittite relief vases that have been found are large, four-handled jars with a libation mechanism in the inner rim. The most complete and famous example is the Inandik Hittite relief decorated cult libation vase with four decorative friezes featuring figures coloured in cream, red and black. The processional figures include musicians and acrobats processing to a sacrificial altar. At around 86 cm high and 50 cm across these Hittite relief vases are impressive pieces of ceramic. The high points of Hittite ceramics are though examples of fine craftsmanship. Beak-spouted jugs are often regarded as the Hittite vessel type par excellence. Most of these pieces date to the Assyrian Traders Karum and early Old Hittite period. The spout of the Hittite beak spouted pitcher steeply rises out of the slender neck and terminates in a pronounced beak. Especially the older beak spout jugs often show two wedge like applications on the front. It is likely that these represent a woman’s breasts and that the Hittites perceived the vessels as anthropomorphic and female in gender. Although Hittite beak-spouted jugs sharply decrease in frequency during the Empire period, they do not disappear completely. A rather special Hittite vessel type is the lentoid flask or ‘pilgrim flask’. These flasks always show a narrow neck and handles attached to the shoulder. Their complex manufacture required a high degree of sophistication on the potter’s side. Their surface is always sealed by a highly burnished slip that may be of red or white colour. The reason for this is that they served as containers for fluid or semi-fluid contents. Similar in shape to the “pilgrims flask” is the Hittite water bottle which was carried on the back using ties to the bottle. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Hittite Pottery Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Pottery - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc

Picture photos images of ancient Phrygian classical art, artefacts and antiquities from the 8th -6th century BC. The Phrygian Civilisation Phrygians, who were called in the Bhrygians or Bhrygues, migrated from Thrace in Macedonia Anatolia through the Bosporus. Initiall the Phrygians settled in the Sangarios River Valley around. 1200 BC and then continued to move south and eastward into the Anatolian heartland. The Phrygian Highlands, located between Eskisehir, Afyonkarahisar and Kutahya, is the pace where the Phrygians were most powerful throughout their history. In the region which borders of Eskisehir, many Phrygian fortresses were built between the 8th and the first half_of the 6th century BC. The fortresses are located on the rocky plateaus near deep valleys, known as Phrygian Valleys, and occupied strategic points in control of their surrounding areas and the roads that lead into the valleys. In the fortresses were monumental cisterns, silos, tunnels with stairs, cultic memorials, and chamber tombs. The Phrygians worshipped the Mother Goddess, called Matar (Mother), Matar Areyastin, or Matar Kubileya / Kubeleya. The Phrygian Mother Goddess Matar Kubileya was believed to be the owner of the mountains, animals, cities and agriculture, the protector of young girls, and the symbol of the nature, fertility and abundance. Phrygians located their cult places in nature as they believed the goddess existed on the grass near the fresh water springs, in the wooded desolate nature, on the rocky places, and on the mountains. They carved facades, altars and niches on the rocks and worshipped The Mother Goddess Matar Kubeleya in front of them. The Phrygian population was mainly comprised of a peasant class who lived on agriculture and livestock. Weaving was also an important economy for the Phrygians. Phrygian textiles, woven with geometric motifs, were among the popular goods in the ancient world. According to Pliny, needle lace was another Phrygian invention, and because of that clothes with needle lace were called Phrygian. In Early the Phrygian Period, pots were generally hand made. Phrygian pots were generally decorated with painted geometric designs and illustrations of animals or engraved with spot designs. From the beginning of the 9th century BC Phrygians started to use the potters wheel. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrygia Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw Add photos of Phrigian Ar Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/phrygian-antiquities.html - Type into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc.

Pictures images and photos of Tell Halaf, Guzana or Gozan, was an ancient city located in present day northeastern Syria. Tell Halaf became a Neo-Hittite city state in the 9th century BC. In 1899 Tell Halaf was descovered by Max Von Oppenhein, a German that was surveying a route for the Bagdad railway. Oppenheim had a test pit dug and descovered the Western Palace and some statues. Because he did not have a permit to excavate he covered up the remains, quit his job and applied for a permit to excavate the site. The resulting excavation found significant finds of large statues, a place and tombs and Hellenistic remains. Today the Hittite artefact antiqueries arev housed in the Pergamon Muesum, Berlin. This picture gallery of the Hittite artefacts and antiquities from Tell Halaf reilf sculpture orthostats of Hittite Gods and deities from the Western Palace. The quality of the sculptured panels is remarkable and the creative genius of Hittite artists is shown to full effect. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Tell Halaf Hittite Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Tell Halaf - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc

Pictures photos images of the Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels, Hittite sculpture & Hittite artefacts of Karkamis (Karkamış, Carchemish, Karkemish) archeological site, Turkey. Ancient Karkamis was an ancient settlement and capital that had been occupied since Neolithic times. Karkamis became an important city in the Hittite Empire being located as a major trading centre. Between 1206 and 1150 BC the Hittite Empire collapsed during invasions of the “Sea People” which led to the Bronze Age Collapse. Carchemish survived these attacks contrary to the proclamations of Rameses III and replaced Hattusa as the Neo-Hittite capital. After George Smith (1876) had found that the ruins of Karkamis , Hogarth, Lawrence, Campbell-Thompson and Woolley made excavation works between the years of 1878-1920 on behalf of the British Museum. Carchemish archeological site consists of three sections as Outer City, Inner City and the Citadel (the inner castle), the City has a rectangular structures. The structures are decorated with black basalt and white limestone orthostats covered with the reliefs Hittite-Assyrian style. The archeological site has Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels groups of Carchemish are known as The Water Gate group, The Royal Buttress Group, The Herald’s Wall Group and The Long Wall Group. The Hittite sculpted orthostats of the Long Wall of Karkamis archeological site contain gods, chariots, and armed warriors wearing a crested helmet. The "embossed long wall" orthostats located towards the great ladder, have a rounded style typical of the late Neo Hittite Syrian art. The Hittite relief orthostat panels of the Royal Buttress of Carchemish archeological site are some of the best examples of the late Assyrian Neo Hittite artistic style. The rounded contours in the head, face and arms are distinctive in the Hittite relief panels of these groups. Face and neck lines are treated significantly. The surfaces of these relief orthostats display a round shaping, with a noticeable puff of the organs, and the details on the wings of the griffin have been shaped with deep lines. The common feature of these two groups is that people, gods, heroes, and human-bodied mixed creatures wear the same type of clothes. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Tell Halaf Hittite Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Karkamis - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc

Pictures photos images of Aslantepe or Arslantepe monumental Hittite relief orthostats, Hittite statues and Hittite artefacts from Aslantepe archaeological site. Aslantepe or Arslantepe was an ancient city near present day Malatya. Aslantepe has been occupied since the development of the agricultural habitations of the fertile crescent 6000 years ago. It was conquered by the Hittites in the 14th century BC who ruled it until the collapse of the Hittite Empire in the Bronze Age Collapse. Aslantepe then re-emerged as Kammanu, a Neo-Hittite town. Aslantepe is situated west of Euphrates River, at 7 km north east of the modern city of Malatya, which was founded in 1838: Inhabited from 5000 BC until 11th Century A.C, Aslantepe is known as the city of "Melidia-Meliddu" in written Hittite sources. The first excavations were carried out in 1930 by L. Delaporte, the French archaeologist. During the excavations; two lion statues on both sides of the entrance gate and courtyard, which were decorated with low-relief on the stone, the statue of the buried King Mutallu across it, and the Late Hittite Palace were found. The surviving Hittite orthostats in this Hittite picture gallery are from this period. Typical of Hittite art relief sculptures depict colourful gods from the vast pantheon of Gods that the Hittites worshipped. Gods that are mixtures of animals such as the Hittite relief sculpture of Lion Men show the fertile creative imagination of Hittite artists. As well as a sculpture of A Winged God, the orthostats of Aslantepe depict scenes with Hittite Gods. The gallery also contains a splendid sculpture of a Lion from the Gate to Aslantepe which has all the hall marks of the endearing style of Hittite artist READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Aslantepe Hittite Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Aslantepe - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc

Pictures photos images of the Coba Hoyuk’s (Coba Höyük) Hittite monumental relief orthostat panels & Hittite sculpture statues, Coba Hoyuk, Turkey. Coba Hoyuk (Coba Höyük or Sakçe Gözü or Sakçagözü) is an archaeological site in south west Anatolia, present day Turkey. Coba Hoyuk has been occupied since Neolithic times and became part of the Neo-Hittite state around 1000BC. The site was fist found by Karl Humann and Felix von Luschan in 1883 and the Hittite artefacts found can be seen as excavated at Sakçagözü in the Vorderasiatisches Museum, part of the Pergamon Museum Berlin. These Hittite relief sculptures from Coba Hoyuk depict Warriors fighting with the lion from a chariot and on foot. The warriors in the chariot have armour as does the horse The archer, probably the ruler, is under the protection of the gods, indicated by the winged sun above his head. The Hittite orthostats are sculpted in Basalt and date from about 750 BC. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Coba Hoyuk Hittite Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Coba Hoyuk - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc

Pictures photos Images of Lycian Artefacts, Antiquities, Site & Rock Tombs, Anatolia, Turkey. By 1300 B.C, Lycia had emerged as a confederation of fiercely independent city states along the high mountains of Agean coast between Fethiye and Antalya. Homer mentions Lycia as being an ally of Troy, its northern neighbour, and Heroditus says that Lycia is named after Lycus, son of Pandion II of Athens and the Lycians came from Crete to fight in the Trojan Wars. Lycia maintained its language & culture until its fall to Arab invaders of the 8th century. Wealthy Lycian families would built Pillar and rock tombs which were cut into cliffs and fronted with temple fronts. These would have been family tombs and one still has a relief sculpture of its owner, a gladiator in full Roman armour, cut into the rock above the tomb entrance. Lycians also built tombs onto of pillars often with a characteristic pointed curved roof or in the shape of small Greek Temples. The largest known Lycian tomb is the Neireid Monument of Xanthos, one of the first Temple Tombs now in the British Museum. In 43AD Lycia was annexed by emperor Claudius as a province into the Roman Empire. The two adopted sons and heirs to Emperor Augustus, Lucius & Gaius Caesar died in Lycia in AD 2 & AD 4 respectively forcing Augustus to adopt Tiberius as his heir. Linking the Lycian towns is the Lycian Way which runs through the spectacular coastal mountains along the Aegean Sea. The ancient road is today a popular walkers footpath 500km long stretching from Olu Deniz near Fethiye to Hisarcandir, 20km from Antalya. The route has been listed as one of the world top ten walks and at its highest point is 1811 meters above the sea. Add photos of Lycian Art using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/lycian-antiquities.html - Type into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycian Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures photos images of the Roman mosaics of Zeugma Mosaic Museum Gaziantep, Turkey. The Zeugma Mosaic Museum in Gaziantep is the worlds biggest Roman mosaic museum. Its core collection is from Ancient Zeugma archaeology site. In the 1960's it became clear to archaeologists that Zeugma had lost many of its Roman mosaics to illegal excavations. The threat to the Roman mosaics of Zeugma increased in the 1980 when the site came under threat of being covered by a reservoir. this led to intensive excavations at Zeugma to rescue its mosaics. Zeugma, which was founded in the 3rd-4th century B.C. by Seleucus Nicator I, one of Alexander the Great’s commanding generals, is situated at one of the easiest fording places on the Euphrates. Maybe therefore its name, ‘Zeugma’, means ‘bridgehead’ or ‘crossing place’. When the Romans occupied Zeugma its wealthy merchants built villas on the banks of the Euphrates. It is from these villas that the ancient city of Zeugma yielded one of the richest troves of Roman mosaics ever uncovered. One of the highlights of the Zeugma mosaic exhibits is the Gypsy Girl. A fragment from a bigger mosaic shows a girls eyes and half her face. The incredible expression in the girls eyes demonstrates an incredible subtly of the mosaic artists skill. It its hard to imagine that such expressive eyes could be achieved by mosaic. The high quality of the Zeugma mosaics can be seen in mosaics like The Oceanos & Tethys Mosaic, The Poseidon Mosaic and the Mousai Mosaic in which mythical gods are depicted in great reality. There are also some incredible geometric Roman mosaics exhibited at the Zeugma Museum which demonstrate incredibly complex geometric shapes as well as complex 3 dimensional mosaics. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box type - Zeugma - refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures images photos of the Hittite art rock carvings and sculpture of Hattusa & Yazilikaza. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Hattusa was the capital of the Hittite Empire from the 17th century until its fall during the the Bronze Age Collapse in the 12th century BC. Due to its remote location away from the main sites of the Mesopotamian civilisations, the Hittite Empire was completely lost to the Historical record. In 1834 a French explorer called Charles Texier was searching in central Anatolia, Turkey, for a lost celtic city called Tavium and came across the ruins of a vast city with a gate with 2 lion statues, the style of which was unknown to him and was a bewildering mystery. A labyrinth of underground tunnels was excavated housing 5 great libraries, in which 30,000 clay tablets had been carefully catalogued and stored. In Friedrich Hrozny the Hittite cuneiform was deciphered by Friedrich Hrozny and the importance of the Hittite Empire revealed. As well as revealing that the Hittite Empire was as powerful as Ancient Egypt, the tablets revealed the vast pantheon of Hittite Gods. The Hittite Relief sculptures in this Hittite art gallery show the inventive creativity of the Hittite imagination. Gods that are half man half beast are depicted in en endearing style that is typical of Hittite art. Two gates at Hattusa have been reconstructed with copies of their original sculptures. One is the Lion Gate and the other The Sphinx Gate. The main part of this hittite art collection is from the sanctuary of Hattusa, Yazılıkaya. The sanctuary of Yazilikaza is on the edge of Hattusa and carving of deities have been carved into the rocks. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Hattusa Hittite Sculptures Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hattusa-hittite-site-turkey.html

Pictures images photos of the Hittite monumental art, Hittite relief orthostats and Hittite artefacts from Adana Archaeological Museum’s Hittite Collection. Housed in a new museum Adana Archaeological museum is well laid out with some fine examples of Hittite monumental art. At the centre of the Hittite monumental collection is a huge statue of the Storm God Tarhunda being pulled along on a cart by 2 bulls. Similar in style to the Storm God statue of Karatepe the statue is dedicated, according to its hieroglyph inscriptions, to the works of King Wari[ka]’s “King of Hiyawa Country, servant of God of Storm.”. The monumental Tarhunda statue was excavated from a field near Dine village in Yureir District after being discovered by a farmer ploughing his field. The Adana Archaeological Museum Hittite collection also holds other fine examples of Hittite art. Particularly of note is a basalt statue of a man, many Hittite relief sculpted orthostats depicting gods and hunting scenes and a fine example of an anthropomorphic terra cotta jug in the shape of a mythical figure. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Add photos of Adana Museum Hittite Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Adana - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of the Roman relief sculpted sarcophagi of Antalya Archaeological Museum, Turkey. Antalya Archaeological Museum has a fine collection of sarcophagi excavated from Perge Archaeological site. One of the most typical Roman sarcophagus designs from the 2nd century AD is the Sarcophagus of Garlands. The sarcophagus was discovered during excavation work at Perge in 1995. This tomb is decorated with garlands composed of leaves, flowers and fruits. This type of sarcophagus is described as a “Pamphylia Type Sarcophagus". It is known that these sarcophagi garlanded tombs originated in Perge and manufactured in the sculpture workshops of Perge. A popular theme of the Perge Roman sarcophagi is Hercules (Herakles). One Hercules Sarcophagus was discovered during excavations conducted at Perge, and has been exhibited since 1962. it is from the group of tombs classified as. "Columned Sarcophagi of Asia Minor”. The lid of the sarcophagus is of the roof-shaped type with a triangular pediment at each end. On each of the pediments are carved Medusa heads that were deployed to protect the grave. The uppermost and corner akroteres are carved in the form of palmets The top of the lid is ornamented with carved flat tilce. The tiles terminate with carved antefixtures carved in the form of lion heads. The Antalya Archaeological Museum Roman relief sarcophagus collection also contains a fine cremation sarcophagus known as an ostothec which was used to preserve the ashes and bones of the dead bodies after their cremation and takes the form of a small sarcophagus. This ostothec is a miniature example of the garland sarcophagi that are exhibited in our hall. The same decoration of shield, theatre mask and Medusa's head, that were believed as to protect the grave from evil, used on garlanded sarcophagi, are employed in the same style. The lid is carved in the form of a roof with two triangular shaped pediments. The Antalya Archaeological Museum Roman relief sarcophagus collection also contains fine examples of Sidamara Type of sarcophagus in which the deceased are sculpted reclining on the lid of the sarcophagus. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antalya_Museum Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of the Roman Sculpture of Antalya Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Antalya - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures photos images of Alaca Hoyuk (Alaca Höyük, Alacahoyuk) Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels and museum artefacts from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. Alaca Hoyuk ruins are situated 15 km northwest of Alaca town of Corum, Province, 16o km east of Ankara. The first excavations was made in 1907 by Theodore Macrdy for a short period, and later, by the orders of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in 1935. It is important in that it was the first Turkish excavation made in our country. Slowing down upon the death of Ataturk in 1938 and terminating as of 1983, the excavations were re-launched in 1996 by Faculty of Language History and Geography, Ankara University, with the support of the ministry of Culture and Tourism, which are still continuing. Alaca Hoyuk was a major cult and art centre during Early Bronze Age and Hittite Period and several culture layers were excavated belonging to Early Bronze Age, Hittite, Phrygian, Hellenistic, Roman, Eastern Roman, Seljuk and Ottoman periods. The best preserved feature of Alaca Hoyuk is the Sphinx-gate. The outer and inner walls of the Sphinx Gate were clad with Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels. Originally carved on each side of the gates sphinx statues, inside the doorway ; there now remains only traces of the relief on the right-hand sphinx, showing the lower part of a human figure standing upon a double-headed eagle seizing hares in its claws, a motif we have seen at Yazilikaya. These Hittite reliefs form a continuous scene representing a sacrifice by the king and queen, followed by attendants, to a divinity—the storm-god—in the form of a bull. The king wears 'priestly garb ' and carries the lituus, He is standing in front of the altar in an attitude of adoration, hand raised towards the image of the god, the normal attitude of prayer. In another Hittite orthostat an attendant leading in the animals—rams and goats—for the sacrifice. A further reliefs depicts jugglers and another with a hunting scenes show art unexpected liberty of movement and an understanding of animal life, already noticeable in the statuettes of stags and bulls. 'These reliefs are by no means typical of Hittite art, which is as a rule extremely formal. Add photos of Hittite Art from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html . Type - Alaca Hoyuk - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, etc READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of Aslantepe Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels and museum artefacts from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. Aslantepe is situated west of Euphrates River, at 7 km north east of the modern city of Malatya, which was founded in 1838: Inhabited from 5000 BC until 11th Century A.C, Aslantepe is known as the city of "Melidia-Meliddu" in written Hittite sources. The first excavations were carried out in 1930 by L. Delaporte, the French archaeologist. During the excavations; two lion statues on both sides of the entrance gate and courtyard, which were decorated with low-relief on the stone, the statue of the buried King Mutallu across it, and the Late Hittite Palace were found. During the excavations made by "La Sapienza University" of Rome since 1961; a temple and numerous seals and seal imprints belonging to 3600-3500 BC. were uncovered as well as the adobe palace belonging to the years of 3300-3000 BC. The Hittite lion statue date from 1200 B.C and was excavated from the gate of the palace. His head and his front part were processed as high embossing and his body as regular embossing. The signs behind the lion and over his tail read; "Halposulupis, Mighty (?) King”. A group of Hittite orthostats depict scenes of offering drink and sacrifice. On one orthostat the god, with a symbol of divinity above, is in the chariot while holding a boomerang in his hand and a sword at his waist. The same god holds a lightning bundle in the middle. On the right, the king offers a drink to god. The inscription above reads "Great, powerful King Sulumeli". A servant stands behind holding a bull for sacrifice to the gods. In another Hittite orthostat from the same group is another scene of king's offering drink and sacrifice to the god. This time the god is on the deer, with the bow attached to his shoulder and with a triple bundle of lightning in his hand. The king looks at the god, and makes the libation to the god while carrying a sceptre with a curled end - lituus. Behind the king is a servant holding a goat for sacrifice to the god. Hieroglyphs read; "God Parata, Strong King... ". READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Add photos of Aslantepe Hittite Art from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html . Type - Aslantepe - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, etc Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of the Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels of Karkamis ( Karkamış, Carchemish or Karkemish) archeological site, Turkey. Hittite stone artefacts of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. After George Smith (1876) had found that the ruins of Carchemish, Hogarth, Lawrence, Campbell-Thompson and Woolley made excavation works between the years of respectively,1878-1881,1911-1914 and 1919-1920 on behalf of the British Museum. Lawrence, better known as Lawrence of Arabia excavated Carchemish before the First World War. An extraordinary series of finds emerged, including basalt reliefs showing Hittite gods and goddesses, lions, kings and warriors, some now in the British Museum, many in Ankara. Lawrence himself lived in a house on the site, where he learned Arabic and began his fascination with the Middle East. Kargamis was inhabited since the Neolithic Age, and in 2000 BC, it was one of the largest cities in southern Anatolia. Carchemish dominated as the capital of Late Hittite Kingdom for a period of 300 years, and after preserving its political existence during the reign of the Late Assyrian King Sargon, it became an Assyrian province in 7th century BC Consisting of three sections as Outer City, Inner City and the Citadel (the inner castle), the City has a rectangular structures. The structures are decorated with black basalt and white limestone orthostats covered with the reliefs Hittite-Assyrian style. Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels groups of Carchemish are known as The Water Gate group, The Royal Buttress Group, The Herald’s Wall Group and The Long Wall Group. The style of the Hittite orthostats from these groups can be characterised as: Style 1 in which the Hittite panels are sculpted in low relief in a two dimensional way. Style 2 in which the Hittite panels are deeply sculpted with a sculpted surface creating more 3 dimensional panels. The late Neo Hittite Syrian style of Carchemish uses very rounded outline to figures and depicts figures in a more naturalistic way than older Hittite art styles. Carchemish has some of the best Hittite orthostats that use this late Hittite style. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Add photos of Karkamis Hittite Art from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html . Type - Karkamis - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, etc Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

(updated 2021) Pictures and images of artefacts and antiquities from Catalhoyuk ( Çatalhöyük ) in the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Catalhoyuk is the biggest Neolithic settlement discovered so far. It is situated on a low hill overlooking the Konya Palin. There are two excavations, the North and south site and originally these would have been on opposite sides of a stream. The Catalhoyuk collection in the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations contains artefacts such as clay goddesses as well as artworks removed from the interior wall of Catalhoyuk houses. The Collection of Neolithic goddesses contains what looks like a very obese goddess with big breasts. Scholars believe she is a fertility goddess of some power as she is seated between two leopards. The Catalhoyuk wall frescoes depict hunting scenes and what may be some sacred ceremony in which unarmed people are seen dancing around a deer grabbing its tail and pulling its tongue out. Two painted wall reliefs of leopards show how important this animal was in the culture of Catalhoyuk. Many of the figures in hunting scenes are wearing leopard costumes and it is believed that the leopard had strong religious meanings. The Anatolian Civilisations Museum is in two Ottoman buildings located near Ankara Castle, in the historical Atpazarı district of Ankara. One of the buildings is Mahmut Paşa Bedesteni and the other is Kurşunlu Han. Add photos of Catalhoyuk from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations Ankara using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/prehistoric-neolithic-art.html - Type - Catalhoyuk - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Çatalhöyük Visit our PREHISTORIC PLACES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Prehistoric-Neolithic-Sites-Art-Artefacts-Pictures-Photos/C0000tfxw63zrUT4

Pictures photos images of the Hittite Fasillar Monument copy held at the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara, Turkey. The original Fasillar Monument is an unfinished monumental stele that is situated flat on the back on a slope at the immediate vicinity of the village FasIllar within the Konya province, Beysehir. This is an exact replica of the original that was made of trachyte igneous rock. This represents the original that was cast into the mould of the same dimensions and colour. The height from the toes to the top of the lions is 7,40 meters. There is also a socket that is 80 cm. Long inserted into the basement. The Hittite monument dates from the end of 13th century BC There appears the great God higher than 4 meters stepping on the smaller mountain God that is accompanied by the lions on. Download Pictures & images of the Hittite Fasillar Monument or buy as photo art prints on line. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Add photos of Fasillar Monument Hittite Art from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html . Type - Fasillar - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, etc Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of ancient Phrygian antiquities and artefacts from the museum collection of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. The Phrygians occupied larges areas of the Anatolia highlands during the 8th-6th centuries BC. The Phrygian Civilisation Phrygians, who were called in the ancient sources as Bryg or Brigs, were one of the Thracian peoples that migrated from Macedonia and Thrace to Anatolia through the Bosporus, settled in the Sangarios River Valley, and continued to move south and eastward, into the Anatolian heartland. It is widely accepted that the Thracian migrations began ca. 1200 BC and lasted nearly 400 years. . The heartland of Phrygia was the Sangarios River Valley, with the capital at Gordion (Polath-Yassihoyuk), but evidence of Phrygian culture has been found in many areas of central Anatolia. The first king of the Phrygian Kingdom known in history is Gordios. After Gordios, his son Midas, who was called Mita of the Mushki people in Assyrian sources, became the king and was known in ancient legends as the king who turned anything he touched into gold. It is not clear how and when the Phrygian Kingdom ceased to exist politically. Archeological data shows that there was stability and prosperity at Gordion in the late 7th century BC, which means that the kingdom was still independent by the time of the Halys (Kizilirmak) campaign (590 BC) of the Lydian king Alyattes (610-560BC) , as Herodotus reports. Neither in western nor in eastern sources is there any solid evidence for the successors of Midas. The powerful influence of Phrygian culture survived until the appearance of Christianity in the region at the end of Roman rule. The Phrygian antiquities collection at the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations majors on finds from Gordion. The main highlight of Gordion is a burial mound at the heart of which was discovered an intact burial chamber. The wealth of the grave good excavated here has led academics to believe this was a Royal tomb. Even wooden items of furniture were unearthed undamaged after over 2000 years of being buried. The Phrygian collection also has many examples of the Phrygian grey pottery which is very distinctive, as well as a huge collection of bronze vessels of all descriptions. Add photos of Phrygian Antiquities of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/phrygian-antiquities.html - Type - Ankara - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrygia Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures photos images of Hittite art, artefacts, art and relief sculptures exhibited at the Ankara Anatolian Civilisations Museum, Turkey. The best on line gallery of Hittite art from the Ankara Anatolian Civilizations Museum. The Ankara Anatolian Civilisations Museum has an incredible collection of Hittite art orthostat stone panels that is one of the most important Hittite art collections in the world. Added to this are many Hittite archaeological grave goods finds that show the skill and diversity of Hittite potters and artisans. The Ankara Anatolian Civilizations Museum also houses many of the cuneiform tablets from Hattusa which are still being translated by academics making the museum one of the major centres of Hittite scholarship. The museums collections of Hittite art include sculpted panels from Karkemish, Aslantepe & Alacahöyük. These Hittite sculptures show the full range of the Hittite artists creativity with Bas reliefs of Hittite Gods and with scenes from the history of Gilgamesh. Hittite art has its own distinctive style and the vast amount of Hittite Gods forced Hittite artists to be creative. To modern eyes Hittite art can look baffling with creatures that are half man, beast, bird and animal. Hittite sculpture depicts mythical beings in a very direct way and in an endearing style that still holds the viewers attention 3000 years after it was created. Unfortunately modern eyes can only guess what Hittite art is depicting but we still get a strong impression of a people absorbed by mystical stories of their Gods. A visit to the Ankara Anatolian Civilisations Museum Hittite artefacts collection is a wonderful experience for Hittite art addicts and for those that want to discover the artworks of a great ancient civilisation. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Add photos of Hittite Art from Museum of Anatolian Civilisations Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type - Ankara - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures & images of Hittite pottery and pots artefacts and antiquities from Hattusa in the museum collection of the Museum of the Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara, Turkey. Hattusa ( Bogazkoy ) was the capital of the Hittite Empire in the late Bronze Age. Only discovered in the mid 18th century, excavations were not started until 1906 and continue today. The dating of Hittite pottery is difficult as it is difficult to define Hittite pottery and assign it to the Hittites. The safest descriptions would be Hittite style pottery which can be described as the “ Hittite ‘drab ware’, which always forms the majority of finds. This wheel- thrown, buff coloured fabric type used to be well fired under oxidising conditions and to be tempered with fine stone grit. The other type of pottery finds are good fine ware, mainly bowls with extremely thin walls and fired to a clinky hardness” (Ulf-Dietrich Schoop - Pottery Traditions of the Later Hittite Empire: Problems of Definition) . The pottery collection of the Museum of the Anatolian Civilisations contains examples of cult bull vessels, long neck Hittite vases, double handles jus with human faces and lion cult vessels. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Add photos of Hittite Pottery Antiquities of the Museum of the Anatolian Civilisations, using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html Type - Hattusa Pottery - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, etc VISIT OUR HITTITE SITE AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of the Herald’s Gate Karkamis (Carchemish Karkemish) ,Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels. Turkey. Hittite stone artefacts of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. The Heralds’s Wall Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels at Carchemish were excavated from the wall that turns right from the Kings Gate towards the Water Gate. The Hittite orthostats of the Herald’s Wall are of a completely different style to those of the Kings Gate. No inscriptions have been found in connection with the Herald's Wall and the dating, which can be attempted only on stylistic grounds, accordingly remains extremely vague, the reliefs being variously assigned to the time of King Katuwas son of Luhas II, in the ninth century B.C. or to the fourteenth century B.C. The slabs follow the usual Hittite pattern : alternate lime-stone and basalt reliefs. The subjects figured on the slabs of the Herald's Wall and their significance are not always clear to us : there is a succession of mythological and everyday scenes, with the former preponderant, and the whole decorative scheme is yet another feature of the Late Hittite period. Most figures clearly have a magical connotation : they are there to ward off evil influences. The mythical Hittite Gods orthostats include that of the "Winged Griffin Demons” with griffins heads on human bodies. The orthostat is sculpted symmetrically and the winged hands are held assumably to the heavens. The same style of carving was used on the Hittite orthostat of a Three-headed sphinxes. The mythical creature is a winged lion, with a bird of prey's head on the end of its tail, also has a human head with hair in plaits and a conical headdress. A further Hittite orthostat graphically depicts a bearded human figure with a short skirt with a dagger in his right hand, he is stabbing the lion standing on his front legs while holding the lion's tail with his left hand. On the left is a bearded god figure with a horned-headdress, who grasps the lion's hind leg while holding the ax over his head with his right hand. Add photos of Hittite Karkamis Heralds Gate relief panels from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type - Karkamis -into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures images photos of the Hüseyindede vases (Inandik or Inandiktepe) A Hittite relief cult Vase held at the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara, Turkey. In late 1965, near 100 KM north west of Hattusa (Bogazkoy) at Iandiktepe on the road from Ankara to Çankiri, a bulldozer excavating a hillside exposed sherds of Hittite polychrome relief pottery. Raci Temizer, head of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, led emergency excavations that exposed the foundations of a 30-room structure dating to the Hittite period. The excavations unearthed an almost-intact relief vase which is known as the Inandik Vase dating from the 16th century BC. Made of a fine red terra cotta and covered with a polished red slip, the Indandik Hittite relief vase is 82 cm high and 51 cm wide. It is a funnel-rim vase with a round bottom, large oval body, four vertical handles at the shoulder, and a flaring top. The neck, shoulders and belly of the vase are covered with four decorative friezes, featuring figures coloured in cream, red, and black. The top frieze depicts figures of both genders engaged in music-making, acrobatics, and astonishingly a sex act. In all, there are 11 figures, six women and five men. The figures on this frieze are depicted moving from left to right. In the second frieze is depicted a procession of eight people of both genders going towards a painted building. The procession is moving towards an altar to make offerings to the Gods. Typical of later Hittite stone relief panels such as those at Alaca Hoyuk, it can be seen that the Hittite worship of the Gods was joyous with music and entertainment. It has been suggested that the Hittites fed and entertained their Gods to keep them happy during cult ceremonies. The Indandik Hittite relief vase would have contained libations that would have been offered to the God at the centre of the cult ceremony. Add photos of Hittite Hüseyindede relief vases of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type - Inandik -into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of the Hittite Pottery from Kultepe Kanesh from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara, Turkey. The Hittite style of arty and pottery drew its inspiration from its Mesopotamian and Anatolian predecessors. That said Hittite pottery has its own style. Typically pots are terra cotta with red terracottas being the most popular. Early Hittite pottery is largely undecorated and the pots have a smooth shiny finish. Although simple in finish, the Hittite potters liked elegant shapes with the bill shaped spout being a popular design. The Hittite pottery from Kultepe Karnesh demonstrates the skill of the Hittite potters from 1700 BC to about 1500 BC. Add photos of Hittite Kultepe Pottery from Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type - Kultepe Pottery - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, etc READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of the Bronze Age artefacts and antiquities from Kültepe Kanesh held at the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara, Turkey. Kültepe Kanesh has been entered onto the tentative list of UNESCo World Heritage Sites. The site of Kültepe, which was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Kanesh and centre of a complex network of Assyrian trade colonies in the 2nd millennium B.C. An important trading centre between Anatolia and Mesopotamia, Kultepe allowed Assyrian traders to build their own quarter in the city. The Assyrians acted on their own behalf and signed agreements with the King to allow them to trade. The Assyrian traders kept cuneiform records in their houses that have been excavated and give a great insight into the trade of early Bronze Age Kültepe. These Assyrian Trading Colonies imported pottery from Assyria which influenced Anatolian designs. The Assyrian Traders were ejected when Kultepe became a Hittite city but the influence of Assyrian design remained in the new Hittite artworks and artefacts. Amongst the Bronze Age artefacts from Kultepe are many terra cotta vessels in the form of animals, These were ritual vessels used in devotions to the gods they represent. Also amongst the finds are so called "Sandall Vessels". These cult pots were boat shaped with an animal head at the front. Inside some of the vessels are models of temples and goddess. The deities associated with the ritual vessel were associated with trade and transportation in Ancient Mesopotamia and Summerian literature. The vessel signifies a religious river trip. Dopwnload Pictures & images of the Bronze Age artefacts and antiquities from Kültepe Kanesh held at the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, or buy on line as photo art prints. Add photos of Kultepe Kanesh Bronze Age pottery from Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/kultepe-kanesh-pottery.html READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

The Long Wall Hittite art sculpted orthostat stone panels from Karkamis ( Karkamış, Karkemish, Carchemish) Turkey. Hittite artefacts of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. The Neo Hittite archaeological site of Karkamis) is situated in Giantep province, on the western shore of the Euphrates on the Turkey - Syria border, Excavations were made from 1878 by the British Museum. The Hittite sculpted orthostats of the Long Wall of Carchemish (Karkemish) contain gods, chariots, and armed warriors wearing a crested helmet. This late Hittite style sees a more naturalistic line in the depiction of human and animal figures. Figures look more realistic and a true three quarter depiction is achieved giving the figures a greater 3 dimensional effect. The Hittite sculpted orthostats of the Long Wall of Karkamis (Karkamış, Karkemish)contain several panels which depict Chariots. Typically one of the two figures in the chariot holds the horse's reins while the other, an archer, fires arrows. On some of these panels there is a naked enemy with an arrow in his him lying face down under the horse's feet. It is thought that this figure is depicted smaller than the other figures since it is an enemy soldier. The lower part of the orthostat is decorated with braiding motifs. Two of The Hittite sculpted orthostats of the Long Wall of Karkamis (Karkamış, Karkemish) are dedicated the the Goddess Kubaba. The Goddess is depicted from the profile. She holds a pomegranate in her hands on her chest. She wears a one-horned headdress on her head and her braided hair hangs down to her shoulder. One group of Hittite sculpted orthostats of the Long Wall of Karkamis (Karkamış, Karkemish)depicts a military parade with figures of helmeted warriors. They have their shield in their back and their spear in their hand. A prisoner in their front is depicted as small. The lower part of the orthostat is decorated with braiding motifs. Download pictures & images of the Long Wall Hittite art sculpted orthostat stone panels from Karkamis (Karkamış, Karkemish) or buy as photo art prints on line. Add photos of Hittite Karkamis Long Wall relief panels from the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type - Karkamis -into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures photos images of the Bronze Age Hattian artefacts and antiquities found in the Royal tombs of Alacahoyuk (Alca Hoyuk, Alaca Höyük, Alacahöyük) held at the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara, Turkey. Alaca Hoyuk is oe of the most important Bronze Age sites in Anatolia. The discovery of Bronze Age Royal Tombs with gold, bronze and silver artefacts is one of the biggest in Anatolia. The so called "Sun Disks" of Alacahoyuk are most intriguing objects. Mostly made from bronze some with animal figurines as part of the design, the Sun Disks are thought to be ceremonial standards. They are unlikely to be family standards as more than one deign has been found in the same tomb. Ceremonial statuettes of deer and bulls are also very intriguing. These beautiful pieces of metal work seem to have been used as ceremonial standards. The Royal Tombs of Alaca Hoyuk also yielded fine pieces of gold jewellery, intricate necklaces and finely worked gold bracelets. Add photos of Alaca Hoyuk Hattian Bronze Age Royal Tomb Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/royal-tombs-alaca-hoyuk-bronze-age.html . Refine search by adding background colour in the LOWER search box READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our ANCIENT WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-World-Art-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C00006u26yqSkDOM

Pictures photos images of the Royal Buttress Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels, Karkamis ( Carchemish, Karkemish), Turkey. Hittite artefacts of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. The Hittite relief orthostat panels of the Royal Buttress of Carchemish (Karkemish) are some of the best examples of the late Assyrian Neo Hittite artistic style. The rounded contours in the head, face and arms are distinctive in the Hittite relief panels of these groups. Face and neck lines are treated significantly. The surfaces of these relief orthostats display a round shaping, with a noticeable puff of the organs, and the details on the wings of the griffin have been shaped with deep lines. The hieroglyph panel of the Royal Buttress Hittite panels contains the so called Discourse of Yariris, the last king of Kargarni, "Tarvanis-Ruler", Yariris and Kamanis are pictured in the Royal Buttress. The opening reads: "I, Yariris the ruler.. Prince of..., the prince loved by the gods whose reputation exceeding the west and east..... The next Hittite relief panel of the Royal Buttress depicts King Araras holding his son Kamanis by the wrist. The King carries a sceptre in his hand and a sword at his waist while the prince leans on a stick and carries a sword on his shoulder. The next Hittite relief panel of the Royal Buttress depicts 8 out of 10 children of the King, and one figure walking by leaning on a stick; below are two each figures playing the knucklebones and turning whirligigs”. The final Hittite relief panel of the Royal Buttress depicts The queen carries her youngest son. The hieroglyphs located above read; "and this is Tuwarsais; the prince desired by the ruler, whose exclusiveness has been exposed". While the queen carries her son in her lap, she holds the rope of the colt coming behind with her other hand. The other Royal Buttress relief panel depicts a procession of figures, each with a long dress, a thick belt and curly hair. Some figures hold spears in their right hand and other figures carry tools with his right hand at the level of his head. They are followed with a figure holding a sceptre in his left hand. All have a long sword each at their waist. Add photos of Hittite Karkamis Royal Butress Relief Panels using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type Inandik into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

The Water Gate Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels, Karkamis (Karkamış, Carchemish or Karkemish), Turkey. Hittite artefacts of the Museum of Anatolian Civilisations, Ankara. Karkamis straddles the Turkish Syrian border in southern Anatolia. The late Hittite capital for 300 years Karkamis was an important centre. Excavations have found the most important collection of Late Neo Hittite Syrian Hittite monumental stone orthostats that clad the Gates and important buildings of the city. One of these groups of Hittite art panels clad the exterior of the Water Gate. The Water Gate Neo Hittite sculpted relief stone orthostat panels have a clean and deeply prepared surface and the figures are of low relief form typical of the late Neo Hittite Syrian style of 900-700 BC. The Water Gate contains two groups of Hittite orthostats : In Karkamis II-a style group, the figures and the details in the relief are not noticeable. In reliefs carved from the front, the swelling and protrusion are evident on the surfaces. An example of this style contains musicians. The figure sitting on a stool to the left of the table in the Hittite orthostat holds a goblet in his right hand which he raised upwards. Behind, there is a servant with a fan in his hand. On the other side of the table is another servant waits with a vessel in the hands. The rightmost figure plays a Saz (a stringed musical instrument) with the tassel on the handle. In Karkamis II-b style reliefs, dimensions and the details figures are distinctive and carved deeply into the stone. Faces and cheeks are plump, and the eyes, noses, mouths are very well shaped. An example of this type of Hittite style is the orthostat depicting Two bull men holding the trunk of the tree in the middle. The faces of the figures have been depicted from the front direction. The horned figures with bull like ears and legs have human bodies. The common feature of these two groups is that people, gods, heroes, and human-bodied mixed creatures wear the same type of clothes. Add photos of Hittite Karkamis Water Gate Relief Panels using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type Inandik into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures, images & photos of Lycian Xanthos exhibited at the British Museum London. Photos against a grey background. This picture gallery shows Lycian buildings, tombs and artefacts excavated from Xanthos in present day Turkey. The archaeological site of Xanthos is a World Heritage Site and has been a mecca for students of Anatolian civilization since the early 19th century. Many important artefacts were found at the city and are to be found in the Lycian collection of the British Musuem. The Tomb of Payava ( 360 B.C), a typical Gothic arch shaped double barrel vaulted pillar tomb. From an inscription on the Tomb Payava was a ruler under Persian rule of Xanthos. The sculptured 4th cent. B.C Lycian Nereid ( Mythical Greek Sea Nymphs) Monument tomb of Arbina, a Xanthian client ruler of the Persians conquerors of Lycia. Pictures and images of Lycian Xanthos from the British Musuem can be bought on line as photo art prints or downloaded as high resolution stock photos. Non editorial use require rights permission form the Trustees of The British Museum, London. RELATED LINKS British Museum https://www.britishmuseum.org Visit our LYCIAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Lycians-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000avDPmEIztMQ Add photos of British Museum Lycian antiquities to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/lycian-antiquities.html

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of the Hittite antiquities and artefacts held at the Corum Archaeological Museum (Çorum Archaeological Museum) , Corum, Turkey. The modern city of Corum is situated In northern Turkey close to the Old Anatolian Hittite Kingdom capital of Hattusa Boğazkale as well as the important Hittite site of Alaca Hoyuk. Corum Archaeological Museum hold an important collection of Hittite antiquities and artefacts from Hattusa, Alaca Hoyuk, Hüseyindede & Ortakoy Sapinuwa. One of the Hittite highlights of the Corum Archaeological Museum are the Huseyindede vases. In 1997, while conducting surface surveys, archaeologists from the Çorum Museum discovered sherds of Old Hittite relief vases on the side of a hill called Hüseyindede, Excavations revealed In one small room of a large building over 30 vessels, placed in a line along one of the walls. Some of these had clear cult use, including the remains of the Hüseyindede A vase and the Hüseyindede B. The figures on the Hüseyindede friezes depict nine animals, musicians & dancers in procession towards a temple and a sacrificial altar. The figures are in relief and painted and the vessel would probably have been used during cult ceremonies for libations. Other Hittite terra cotta pottery includes beak spout pitchers. These vessels are a typical Hittite design with both long neck spouts that come out of the top of the pitcher and pitchers with side spouts. The end of the spout broadens to take on the shape of a birds bill. As with most Hittite pottery these vases have no decoration and are simply glazed. The Corum Archaeological Museum Hittite collection also contains a spectacular Hittite bronze sword as well as ornate bronze spear heads. The museum has a good collection of Hittite ceremonial rhytons in animal shapes that would have been use during Hittite cult ceremonies. One of these cult vessels is in the shape of a forearm and hand holding a beaker. Bull and animal shaped rhytons complete the collection. The Toprak Bagis Belgesi cuneiform tablet donation documents give an insight into the bureaucracy of the Hittite Empire. One of the cuneiform clay tablets if a donation of winter grazing pastures to the shepherds of Uhhiva city. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Çorum_Archaeological_Museum Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Corum Archaeological Museum Hittite pottery using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type pottery corum into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos images of the Hüseyindede vases, 16th century BC Old Hittite polychrome relief vessel. Corum Archaeological Museum, Turkey. The Hüseyindede vases are very rare with the only other example of Old Hittite polychrome relief vessels being in the Museum of Anatolian civilisations. Corum Archaeological Museum hold two Old Hittite polychrome relief vessels rescued from illegal digs In 1997 on the side of a hill called Hüseyindede, by archaeologists from the Çorum Museum. The archaeologists excavated a large building, along with a settlement, that had been destroyed by fire in ancient times and not rebuilt. In one small room of the large building, the excavators recovered over 30 vessels, placed in a line along one of the walls. Some of these had clear cult use, including the remains of the Huseyindede A vase and the partially finished Huseyindede B vase and two other partial relief vessels. Both Huseyindede vases are big being about 86cm high and 50 cm wide. They would have held libations used in cult ceremonies to worship the Hittite gods. Huseyindede vase A is the most complete with 4 tiers of friezes running around the vase. The top frieze shows nine people out-of-doors, including five musicians, men playing lutes and the woman playing cymbals, with dancers. Six of these figures face right, as do the two oxen, giving the frieze a strong sense of movement. The second frieze down depicts a procession going to a temple building. Two figures sit on a “throne bed” taking part in a cult ceremony. The third frieze depicts a procession with eight males, seven facing right. The procession features four men and three animals. It is led by a man wearing a diadem with a diagonal hem on his short tunic. He leads a man following him by the arm. The other three men, all wearing the same short tunic with projecting triangular undergarment, lead animals: a ram, a stag, and a poorly preserved quadruped. The libation scene is damaged with only the tops of the two key figures preserved, as well as the top of the altar between them. Scholars agree that the figures depicted on the Huseyindede vase are engaged in the cult activities of entertainment, offering, and sacrifice. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hüseyindede_vases Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Hittite Hüseyindede relief vases of the Corum Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type - Inandik OR Corum -into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of Phrygian artefacts and antiquity museum exhibits of the Çorum Archaeological Museum, Corum, Turkey. In view of Antiquity writers such as Herodotus and Strabo, Phrygians called Bhrygians or Bhrygues were one of the Thracian tribes who migrated from Macedonia to Anatolia through the Dardanelles straits. According to Western sources the first King of the Phrygian state. In Early the Phrygian Period, pots were generally hand made. Phrygian pots were generally decorated with painted geometric designs and illustrations of animals or engraved with spot designs. From the begining of the 9th century BC Phrgians started to use the potters wheel. In the Phrygian settlement of the Corum region unburnished terracotta pots in dark colours with painted geometric designs were popular. From the 8th century BC Phrygian pottery spread throughout the Halys River region. Add photos of Phryrigian Antiquities from The Corum Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/phrygian-antiquities.html (TIP refine search by adding background colour in the LOWER search box). USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrygia Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of the artefacts and antiquities of the Hierapolis Archaeological Museum, Hierapolis, Turkey. The Hierapolis Archaeological Museum is housed in the old Roman baths of Hierapolis since 1984. The museum holds antiquities excavated from Hierapolis as well as from Laodicea, Colossae, Tripolis, Attuda and other towns of the Lycus (Çürüksu) Valley. Room A contains findings from the excavations at Hierapolis and Laodicea, including sarcophagi, statues, gravestones, pedestals, pillars, and inscriptions. Among these artifacts are statues of Tyche, Dionysos, Pan, Asklepios, Isis, Demeter and Triton, which although executed by the Romans were inspired by the Hellenistic traditions. Particularly interesting are representations of local customs on family tombs. One of the finest sarcophagi in this room is the Columned Sarcophagus Sarcopinagu of Euthios Pyrrnon, Asian Archon (ruler) from Laodicea. Room C contains beautiful sculpted relief panels from the theatre of Hierapolis. these are reliefs devoted to the myth of Apollo and Artemis, the delights of Dionysos and the Roman Emperor Septimus Severus. There are depictions of the abduction of Persephone by Hades and sculpted sphinxes. Sculpted reliefs reminiscent of Attalos and Eumenes are on display. Inscriptions describing the coronation of the goddess Hierapolis and decisions of the assembly concerning the theatre may be seen. Download pictures and images of the artefacts and antiquities of the Hierapolis Archaeological Museum or buy as photo art prints. For editorial use only. For advertising property rights contact the Museum. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierapolis Hierapolis Home Page http://www.pamukkale.gov.tr/en/museums/pamukkale-hierapolis-archeological-museum Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Hierapolis Museum Roman Sculpture using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html - Type - Hierapolis - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures photos images of the artefacts & antiquities exhibits of the Istanbul Archaeology Museum, Turkey. Founded in 1891 as an Ottoman Imperial museum in the outer gardens of the Topkapi Palace. Under its first curator, Osman Hamdi Bey, it was the first museum to feature Ottoman art. The museum houses the Sarcophagus of Alexander the Great from the necropolis of Sidon in the Lebanon brought to the museum by Hamdi Bey with several other spectacular sarcophagus's. The Archaeology Museum of Istanbul also houses important mosaics from the Ishtar Gate of Babylon as well as many important statues and artefacts from the Greek & Roman settlements of Anatolia Add photos of Istanbul Archaeological Museum Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystockl Type - Istanbul Museum - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul_Archaeology_Museums Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0

Pictures photos images of the Hittite monumental stone relief orthostat panels and Hittite art sculptures of the Istanbul Archaeological museum, Istanbul, Turkey. The Istanbul Archaeological Museum houses many ancient Hittite artefacts. Amonst them are Hittite Relief sculture orthostats from Sam’al at Zincirli Hoyuk in the Anti-Taurus mountains of Anatolia, Turkey. The Istanbul Archaeological museum orthostats from Sam’al depict some of the vast Hittite pantheon of Gods and deities such as the Aslan Lion from 9th Cent B.C, excavated from the west side of the citadel gate of Sam’al. One of the portal lion statues is also house at the musuem as well as a hittite basalt Double Sphinx sculpture from 9th Cent B.C, excavated from the entrance of Palace III. The Istanbul Museum Hittie collection also includes Hittite funereal steles such as the Late Hittite Basalt funereal Steel with a relief sculpture of a warrior from 9 - 8th Cent B.C, excavated from Arslan Tash (Turkish; Arslan Lion, Taş Stone), ancient Hadātu, is an archaeological site in northern Syria 30km east of the Euphrates River and nearby the town of Ain al-Arab. READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo Add photos of Hittite Art from Istanbul Archaeological Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hittite-art-antiquities.html - Type - Istanbul - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, etc

(updated 2021) Pictures images photos of Assyrian relief Sculptures exhibited at the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, Turkey. The Assyrians existed as an independent state from 2400 B.C to the end of the 7th cent. B.C in Mesopotamia, present day Iraq. The Istanbul Archaeological Museum Assyrian exhibits include Assyrian relief sculpture slab from the northwest palace of King Ashurnasirpal II of a Genie standing (881-859 B.C). The collection also exhibits a Neo-Assyrian basalt statue of King Shalmaneser III (858-824 B.C) . Inscription reads "Shalmaneser, the great king, the mighty king, king of all four region, the powerful and the mighty rival of the princes of the whole earth the great ones, the kings, son of Assur-Nasirapli, King of the universe, King of Assyria, grandson of ~Tukultiu-Ninurta, King of the Universe, King of Assyria". The inscription continues with his campaigns &b deeds in Uratu, Syria, Que & Tabal ending " At the time I rebuilt the walls of my city Ashur from their foundations to their summits. I made an image of my royal self and set it up in the metal gate". From Assur ( Qala't Sharqat) Iraq. The Istanbul Archaeological Museum is ia a world class historical museums in the world. The Istanbul Archaeological Museum houses important unique major collections of antiquaries and artefacts from antiquity. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul_Archaeology_Museums Visit our ANCIENT ASSYRIAN PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-Assyrian-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000cjRqQyJjLag Add photos of Assyrian Artefacts of Istanbul Archaeological Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/ancient-assyria-antiquities.html Type - Istanbul - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

(updated 2021) Pictures, images & photos of the Sarcophagus of Alexander the Great from the Royal Necropolis of Sidon now in the Istanbul Archaeological museum. On March 2 1887 workers quarrying north east of Sidon in Lebanon discovered a tomb shaft fifty feet deep. Luckily for history they were so frightened they rushed to bring the Reverend William King Eddy, an American missionary born in Sidon, to the site. Eddy realised immediately that the workers had uncovered an archaeological site and suspected that it was the lost ancient Royal Necropolis of Sidon. He was lowered down the shaft and by the light of flickering candles was confronted with the Sarcophagus of the Lycian, the dazzling Sarcophagus of Alexander and the Sarcophagus of the weeping women. News travelled of the great find to Istanbul and Osman Hamdi Bey who had been appointed the curator of the new Istanbul Archaeological museum left immediately for the Lebanon and took over the excavation and removal of the sarcophagi returning with them to Istanbul. The finds at Sidon put the museum on the world map and the facade of the new museum was inspired by the Alexander Sarcophagus and Sarcophagus of the Mourning Women which the museum houses today. It is incredible how perfectly preserved the Sarcophagi are. The Sarcophagus of the Lycian is a pristine grey marble from Paros with hunting scenes and 2 sphinxes adorning its gothic stele pitched roof. The Alexander Sarcophagus is a monumental work of art befitting one of the great leaders of antiquity. 11 feet long (4 Mts) it weighs fifty tons and is made of Pentelic marble. The freezes on each side show Alexander in the midst of battles and in hunting scenes, These relief sculptures were originally painted in bright colours and some of the paint is still visible today. Finally but not least the Royal Necropolis held the "Sarcophagus of the Satrap". USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycian_sarcophagus_of_Sidon Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw Add photos of Sidon Sarcophagus from Istanbul Archaeological Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/lycian-antiquities.html - Type - Sidon - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc.

(updated 2021) Pictures, images, photos of Babylon art exhibited at the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, Turkey. The Babylon exhibits include animal relief on glazed bricks from the Ishtar Gate, Babylon, Iraq constructed in about 575 BC by order of King Nebuchadnezzar II on the north side of the city. Dedicated to the Babylonian goddess Ishtar, the monumental gate joined the inner & outer walls of Babylon it was one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. The Istanbul Archaeological Museum is one of the few museums with glazed brick animal reliefs from the Ishtar Gate. Add photos of Babylon Antiquities from the Archaeological Museum Istanbul using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/babylon-antiquities.html . Type - Istanbul - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box . USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylon Visit our ANCIENT WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-World-Art-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C00006u26yqSkDOM

Pictures, images & photos of Iznik glazed ceramic Arabesque Ottoman tiles. Iznik was famous for its highly decorated ceramic pottery from the 15th century to the end of the 17th century. Suleyman the magnificent and his wife Hurrem (Roxelana) became big fans of Iznik ceramics and used Iznik tiles to decorate their palace, mosques and building that they built. The Sultan Ahmed Mosque, better known as the Blue Mosque, contains over 20,000 Iznik tiles to adorn its interior. The famous Harem of the Topcapi Palace is lavishly decorated with Iznik Arabesque designs. The combination of panels of different tile designs in the same rooms make for a spectacular display. Iznik tile designs sum up the Ottoman styles and tastes in a vivid way. Download pictures & images of Iznik tiles or buy as photo art prints. Add photos of Islamic Iznik Tiles using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/islamic-art-antiquity.html Type - Iznik - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iznik_pottery Visit our ISLAMIC ART & HISTORICAL SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Islam-Islamic-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000WMzJTSRGkTw

Pictures & images of the Karatepe Bilingual Hittite basalt stele and divine statue also known as the Azatiwada inscription. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. In 1946 inscribed orthostats and a statue were excavated by archaeologists Helmuth Theodor Bossert and Halet Çambel 1946 at Karatepe Aslantas in southern Anatolia, Turkey. The stone slabs and statue were inscribed with a proclamation known as the "Call of Azatiwada” by King Azatiwada who built the fortress at Karatepe written in both Phoenician language script and Luwian hieroglyphs. Compared to the Rosetta stones these bilingual texts allowed scholars to decrypt the similar Anatolian or Hittite hieroglyphs for the first time and therefore learn even more about the ancient Hittite civilisation. The "Call of Azatiwada” starts “I am really Azatiwada, Man of my Sun, the servant of Thunder God, Rendered superior by Avaricus, and the ruler of Adanava, Thunder God rendered me Mother and Father of Adanava city, and I am the one, who developed Adanava city, And I expanded Adanava country, both westward and eastward, And during my reign, I made Adanava city tastes prosperity, satiety and comfort, and I filled the grain warehouses, I added horse to horse, shield to shield, army to army, everything for Thunder God an d the deities, I defeated the feint of the feinters, I expelled country's bad men ……………….” and ends : “Only the name Azatiwada is eternal, forever like the name of the Sun and the Moon.” Thanks to the discovery of the Karatepe Bilingual Hittite basalt steles Azatiwada’s proclamation was rediscovered after being buried for 2500 years. Add photos of Hittite Karatepe Bilingual using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at READ THE HISTORY OF THE HITTITES AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/p/hittites-history Visit our HITTITE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Hittites-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C0000NUBSMhSc3Oo

Pictures, photos, images of Konya Archaeological Museum Catalhoyuk artefacts and antiquities collection. Situated just south east of Konya overlooking the Konya plain, Catalhoyuk is the biggest and most complete Neolithic settlement in the world. The finds from Catalhoyuk are helping scholars and archaeologists understand the pre-history of the Near East in new ways. With finds from the 1999 excavations at Catalhoyuk, Konya museum has a small but very important collections of artefacts from Catalhoyuk. Neolithic stone tools and pots allow to start building a picture of Neolithic Catalhoyuk. Fragments of frescoes from houses show that these Neolithic people had a vibrant culture. The grave burial of an infant buried in the foetal position in a basket is both well preserved and touching with is two small stone bracelets. Unique to Konya Musuems Catalhoyuk collection is a plastered skull of an adult female. The front of the skull and jawbone were plastered over and the nose recreated then it was painted red. Many layers of plaster show that this was done many time suggesting that the skull was a treasured item. Konya Archaeological Museum is a state archaeological museum in Konya, Turkey. Established in 1901, it had been relocated twice before moving to its present location in 1962. Download Pictures & images of Konya Archaeological Museum Catalhoyuk artefacts and antiquities collection or buy on line as photo art prints. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konya_Archaeological_Museum Visit our PREHISTORIC PLACES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Prehistoric-Neolithic-Sites-Art-Artefacts-Pictures-Photos/C0000tfxw63zrUT4 Add photos of Konya Archaeological Museum Antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock.html . Type - Konya Museum - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, etc

Pictures images and photos of Hattian antiquities including the gold treasure from the Royal Tombs of Alaca Hoyuk. The Hattians were an ancient Bronze Age people, that inhabited the land of Hatti, in central Anatolia (modern Turkey). They spoke a distinctive Hattian language, that was neither Semitic nor Indo-European. The Hattians built their initial settlement on the high ridge of Büyükkale which they called Hattush (Hattusa). In the 19th and 18th centuries BC, merchants from Assur in Assyria established a trading post there, setting up in their own separate quarter of the city. From here settlements were built at nearly Alacahöyük. Thirteen shaft-grave "Royal Tombs" (c. 2350–2150 BC) in contained the dead in fetal position facing south. They were richly adorned with gold fibulae, diadems, and belt buckles and repoussé gold-leaf figures. Many of the artefacts discovered at Alacahöyük, including magnificent Hattian gold and bronze objects found in the Royal Tombs, are housed today in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara. Among these artefacts are gold and electrum standing cups and other vessels. The most unusual are the Alaca Höyük bronze standards; bulls or stags on pedestals whose purpose remains the subject of debate. The standards are cast in copper, many in the form of flat circles, half-circles or squares that are filled with an openwork network of cross bars, central crosses, and swastikas. Many of these can be seen in this photo gallery. The Hittite period that followed the Hatti, from the fourteenth century BC. Browse Hattian antiquities or download as royalty free photos for buy as photo art prints on line. VISIT OUR ANATOLIAN PICTURE COLLECTIONS AT: https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Pictures-Images-of-Anatolia-Ancient-Historic-Places-and-Anatolian-Art-and-Antiquities/C00009_p_jTdGXcE OR OTHER ANCIENT WORLD CIVILISATION IMAGE PHOTO COLLECTIONS AT : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-World-Art-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C00006u26yqSkDOM