Pictures & images of Roman art: sculpture, statues, fresco, paintings and mosaics. The study of Roman art is complicated as it is built upon the foundations of earlier Ancient Greek art. Many of the Roman statues we see today are copies of earlier ancient Greek bronze statues now lost to us. The most common Roman art that has survived is sculpture and mosaic. Roman paintings are rare due to the fragility of paint but fine examples of later Roman frescoes were excavated for Pompeii and Herculaneum. The one area that the Romans excelled over the earlier Ancient Greeks was in portraiture. There are incredible portrait busts of Romans that aim for extreme realism including warts and all. Lines and wrinkles are lovingly carved into faces to produce a realism that was missing from earlier artworks. Some of the most endearing portraits are the Fayum mummy panels that were attached to Roman mummies in Egypt. The startling realism of these panels demonstrates a high level of artistic craftsmanship of Roma artists. The subject matter of Roman art that we see today can be broken down into: peoples portraits, mythology and gods and the Emperors. Sculpture, fresco and mosaic all felt with Roman mythology and gods. As the Romans adopted earlier Greek myths and gods many of the sculpture designs were copies of known earlier Greek designs. The copies were so faithful that, where they exist, they are indistinguishable from the Greek originals. Augustus was the first Roman Emperor to standardise his depiction throughout the Roman Empire. This was allowed him to be depicted in controlled statue designs as both a pious priest and a strong leader. After Augustus Emperors increasingly depicted themselves as gods like Apollo to help give them a divine status. Greek and Roman mythology is incredibly rich with well formed characters and stories that lend themselves as subject for sculpture as well as mosaic and fresco. Many of the so called erotic frescoes from Pompeii were in fact moral tales form Roman mythology that would have been viewed by Romans in a completely different light from the horrified enlightenment men who uncovered them. Unlike Christian saints Greco Roman gods and mythical characters have the same appetites and needs as humans and many myths are erotic in nature. The Roman elites homes would have been visually very rich. The floors were covered with highly detailed mosaic scenes and the walls were painted with trompe-l’œil backgrounds into which were set small painted panels. A room held bust portraits of the ancestors and cult figurines of gods and goddesses would have been found in other parts of a Roman villa. Download pictures as Royalty Free photos or buy as photo art prints on line. Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0

Pictures images photos of Roman paintings and fresco wall art from the best museum collections in Europe. Roman frescoes are extremely rare as their fragile nature and the destruction of Roman buildings over time have destroyed the vast majority. For us Pompeii and Herculaneum have become a treasure trove of treasure trove of Roman fresco. Buried in volcanic ash by the fatal eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD the Roman villas remained hidden until the 16th century. It was not until the excavations of Villa of the Papyri in Herculaneum, in 1755 that the treasures the buried Roman villas are revealed. Of the vast body of Roman painting we now have only a very few pockets of survivals, with many documented types not surviving at all, or doing so only from the very end of the period. The best known and most important pocket is the wall paintings from Pompeii, Herculaneum and other sites nearby, which show how residents of a wealthy seaside resort decorated their walls in the century or so before the fatal eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. The main innovation of Roman painting compared to Greek art was the development of landscapes, in particular incorporating techniques of perspective, though true mathematical perspective developed 1,500 years later. Surface textures, shading, and coloration are well applied but scale and spatial depth was still not rendered accurately. Some landscapes were pure scenes of nature, particularly gardens with flowers and trees, while others were architectural vistas depicting urban buildings. Other landscapes show episodes from mythology, the most famous demonstrating scenes from the Odyssey. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_art Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Frescoes using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Fresco - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Pictures images photos of Roman erotic art of Pompeii & Herculaneum exhibited at the Naples Archaeological Museum, Italy. When Pompeii was excavated in the early 19th century one of its most controversial finds was its erotic art. In 1819, when King Francis I of Naples visited the Pompeii exhibition at the National Museum with his wife and daughter, he was so embarrassed by the erotic artwork that he decided to have it locked away in a Secret Museum. Most Museums of the period has locked rooms full of what was considered to be pornography at the time. These secret museums were only accessible only to academics and "people of mature age and respected morals". In the 1960 that Naples Archaeological Museum made the erotic art of Pompeii accessible to the public briefly but it closed again and was not made accessible again until the year 2000. The erotic art of Pompeii caused great bewilderment to the thinkers of the Enlightenment who saw ancient Rome as the high point to date of civilisation. Some of the frescoes were found in the Brothels of Pompeii but other frescoes and objects were found in the villas of Pompeii. The erotic frescoes of Pompeii either question the belief that Romans were rather conservative or perhaps our modern eyes are reading the erotic artwork incorrectly. It is unclear whether the images on the walls of the brothels were advertisements for the services offered or merely intended to heighten the pleasure of the visitors. It is also unclear whether the household objects depicting the Phallus were erotic items or fertility talisman. One of the most famous statues of the Naples Erotic museum is the statue "Pan copulating with goat”. Academics now see this as a visual pun and rather a moral statue which would have had a different meaning to Roman eyes. This picture gallery shows.Pictures and images of Roman erotic art from Pompeii exhibits from the Naples Archaeological Museum can be bought on line as photo art prints or downloaded as high resolution stock photos. For editorial use only. To use in product advertising please apply to The Naples National Archaeological Museum for permission. Add photos of Roman Erotic Frescoes from Pompeii using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Fresco Naples - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well). USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erotic_art_in_Pompeii_and_Herculaneum Museum Home Page http://www.museoarcheologiconapoli.it/en/history-of-the-museum/ Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0

Pictures images photos of Roman Mosaics Pictures, Roman Mosaic Photos and Images. Probably the greatest collection of Roman Mosaics can be fond at the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily. These Roman mosaics lay buried until the 1950's when they were discovered and excavated. They reveal the opulent life of Imperial families and there is good evidence that the Villa may have been owned by Diocletian s co emperor Maximian. Roman mosaic on the floor of the room dubbed the "Chamber of the Ten Maidens", nicknamed "the bikini girls". They are competing for a laurel coronet in some sort of games and have a very modern look due to their Bikini style dress. Pompeii was one of the best preserved Roman cities when it was descovered and the art and mosaics that were excavated are some of the most beautiful Roman mosaic finds. Also included in this Roman mosaic photo collection are mosaics from the recently excavated Great Palace of Constantinople (Istanbul). The Great Palace had the Blue Mosque built oin it but the peristyle of the Great Palace survived buried from the reign of Emperor Justinian I. When a large synagogue was found during the excavations of Roman Sardis it caused historians to re-think the relationship of Jews and Romans. the 4th cent. AD floor has revealed geometric floor mosaics of this late Roman period Jewish synagogue of Sardis. Sardis archaeological site, Hermus valley, Turkey. Discovered in 1962 as part of an on going Harvard Art Museum excavation project. The photo gallery also contains Roman Africa mosaics from The House of Orpheus showing Orpheus playing a lute in the centre with wild African animals surrounding him. From the triclinium or the dining room of the villa looking out across the fertile plains. Volubilis Archaeological Site, near Meknes, Morocco. For Editorial use only, for advertising property rights please contact the museum USEFUL LINKS: Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Buy photos of Roman Mosaics using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures photos images of Ancient Roman sculpture & monumental relief sculptures including Roman temple relief sculptures, sarcophagus and other Roman antiquities and artefacts. Roman sculpture is based on copies of Ancient Greek sculpture. One of the most significant Roman developments was that of portraiture. Wealthy Roman families developed a type of ancestor worship with rooms dedicated to the death masks. The cheapest masks were made of wax and the more wealthy could afford bronze, marble & terracotta. This led to public to a realistic style of sculpture of the great & the good of Rome where reality went as far as adding warts and wrinkles because they showed that the person had character. Reality in statues stopped with the end of the Republic. The Emperor Augustus controlled his image once he had become essentially the first Emperor. The approved image of Augustus was spread around the Roman Empire and in them he never grew older. Subsequent Emperors followed this lead and a more formal idealised portrait developed that flattered. Although the Romans followed the style of classical Greece, they stopped short at nudity and few of the male Roman sculptures show men in the nude. Sculptures & relief sculptures were an important part of Roman communication. Great triumphal arches & columns showed the great exploits of Emperors and Roman temples and sarcophagus were adorned with relief sculptures of mythical scenes, great exploits or hunting scenes. Sculptures of the gods filled niches in Roman buildings and were found in every home. USEFUL LINKS: Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roma Sculpture using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures and images of Roman Egyptian mummy portraits, Fayum mummy panels, statues and stele. Although a conservative civilisation, the Romans were quite open to absorbing other civilisations cultures and religions. A striking example of this can be seen in Egypt that was annexed to the roman Empire from around the beginning of the 1st cent BC. They inherited an Egypt whose elites were already a hybrid mix of Ancient Greek influenced by Ancient Egyptian culture. To this the Romans added Roman culture to produce Roman Egyptian Art. Plaster funerary masks were popular in Roman Egypt. They develop of course from Egyptian traditiions, but appearances could be strongly individualized and Roman fashions of hairstyle, dress and jewelry were followed to varying degrees. The plaster mummy masks also depicted the deceased in incredible detail and the best surviving examples are incredible life like depictions. Fayum mummy portraits are a type of naturalistic painted portrait on wooden boards attached to upper class mummies from Roman Egypt. They belong to the tradition of panel painting, one of the most highly regarded forms of art in the Classical world. The Fayum portraits are the only large body of art from that tradition to have survived. Download as royalty free photos or buy online as photo wall art prints. Visit our ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PHOTO COLLECTIONS for photo galleries of Ancient Egyptian antiquities and Museum collections. https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-Egyptians-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images-of/C0000rwp9rQSK8Jc

Pictures & Images reconstructions of Roman statues in colour as they would have looked 2000 years ago Created by by Paul E Williams: "as a photographer of historic buildings and art I have become increasingly interested in how the artworks would have looked when new. It is well known that ancient artworks were painted when new and this practise continued through the middle ages when the great great Gothic cathedrals were painted on the outside as well as on the inside. I decided to experiment and reconstruct Roman statues in colour but I didn't want to do it in a haphazard way. I looked at the colour Roman statue reconstructions made by the Archaeologist Vinzenz Brinkmann who has analysed colour fragments on statues to create colour replicas. I have always felt that the eye popping colours may be a bit too vibrant but who really knows. One thing is for sure, the Romans prized the vein free Carrara white marble for a reason. I think that reason is because the marble would take washes well. This would give the colour a much more natural look than the Vinzenz Brinkmann reconstructions. As i don't have any way of knowing the colours used on the statues I went to study Roman mosaics from which I pooled together colour ways used on different Gods and mythological characters. I used this knowledge to colour the Roman statues that I have done so far and can be seen in this picture gallery. I think the end result id quite startlingly natural allowing for a new take on the Roman artists work. hope you enjoy the Roman Statues in colour and even though I know it is a shock to see them coloured it must be remembered that this is something like the Romans would have seen them 2000 years ago." Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 ADD TO CART as photo reconstructions of Roman statues in colour or buy as photo art prints on line

Pictures Photos & images of the goddess Venus or Aphrodite statues, mosaic and fresco . Aphrodite, or Venus to the Romans, was the Greek goddess of love, beauty, pleasure and procreation . Greek sculptures tussled with how to portray Aphrodite and around 360 BC Praxiteles created a statue known as the Aphrodite of Thespiae. Aphrodite is depicted standing draped from the waist down. The upper half of her body is naked and her right hand is stretched out holding a Golden apple which she won in the Judgement of Paris which started the Trojan wars. Aphrodite looks down slightly to one side as if modestly accepting the Golden apple but the pose has a seductive power. The most famous Venus statue based on the Aphrodite of Thespiae is not attributed to Praxiteles though but to the sculptor Alexandros of Antioch who in around 100BC sculpted the Venus de Milo on the Greek island of Milos. The Venus de Milo has become an icon of love and beauty. The Venus statue is missing its arms but this lack of perfection only seems to heighten the enigmatic power over the viewer which has made her so famous. Praxiteles then sculpted the first known fully female nude Greek statue, the Aphrodite of Cnidus, that still influence artists today. Aphrodite is depicted standing by a vase of water preparing for the rival bath that will restore her purity. She is holding a towel in her left hand whilst her right hand covers her naked vulva which both shields her womanhood and draws attention to her nudity in a powerful way. This style of Aphrodite statue is known by academics as the “Modest Venus” or Venus Pudica and was a popular style copied later by the Romans which can be seen in the famous Venus of Medici and Capitoline Venus versions. In the Natural History by Pliny the Elder a style of Venus was described that is known as the crouching or bathing Venus or Aphrodite. This statue style is attributed to a lost Greek. Hellenistic bronze statue of the mid 3rd century BC attributed to the Greek sculptor Doldalsas of Bethynia. Aphrodite is shown crouching with her right knee close to the ground. She turns her head to the right and, in most versions, reaches her right arm over to her left shoulder to cover her breasts. She has a look of surprise on her face as if she has been disturbed whilst bathing wrapping around her body to hide her nakedness. USEFUL LINKS Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Download photos of Roman Venus or Aphrodite statues using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html Type - VENUS or Aphrodite -In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures photos and images of Roman Emperor's statues & busts. Roman public statues of the Republican Roman period, prior to Augustus, were granted by the Senate of individuals that had brought great success and prestige to Rome. The prevailing style at the time was realism and the Roman sculptors excelled at depicting their Emperors wart and all. Realism was considered by Roman sculptors to show signs of Character that would depict more about the subject. Augustus was the first ruler of the Romans to realise that a more idealised presentation of himself would create the image that would suit his political aspirations. He was well aware that that the portrayal of warts and imperfections may create the image of a mere mortal that would leave him open to attack as it had with his predecessor Julius Caesar. Augustus was painfully aware of the danger of being portrayed as an “Emperor” and knew that to survive he had to convince the Romans that he was “Principe”, “first amongst equals” not an Emperor of the Romans. The imagery he used ranged from Augustus in the Hellenistic “nude hero” style, Augustus as Military leader and perhaps most powerful of all, Augustus as Priest with his roots deep in Roman tradition. The Romans being deeply conservative bought these messages hook line and sinker and Augustus had his statues put up all over the Roman Empire so securing his position. The Roman rulers that followed Augustus carried on the tradition of image control that had served Augustus so well. Successive Emperors soon portrayed themselves as deities to be worshiped and eventually once their confidence reached full power as Emperors of the Roman Empire. The monumental depiction of Emperors took on heroic proportions as can be seen in the huge over life sized statues of Constantine. As the office of Emperor became more precarious and assignation became the norm, at one point there were 6 Emperors in one year, successive Emperors had to move fast to get their statues up before the next usurper took over. In this rush new Emperors heads replaced previous Emperors on old statues including statues of old Hellenistic Gods. Consequently the head of Tiberius could end up on an old statue of Hercules. USEFUL LINKS: Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Download photos of Roman Statues of Roman Emperors using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html Type - Emperors -In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures photos & images of Roman Emperor Augustus caesar statue (63 BC to 14 AD). Augustus caesar is often wrongly called the first Emperor of Rome and again is wrongly attributed with starting the Roman Empire. In fact in practice Augustus caesar was and did both these things but at the time he probably would have been Assassinated like Julius caesar if it became common knowledge. Romans had a total fear of Kings and Emperors so Augustus caesar manipulated the Senate who granted him the power of imperium proconsulare, or proconsular imperium, and called him Princeps civitatis or First Citizen. It can be seen from this political manipulating Augustus caesar was a very adept politician and he used these great skills to control how he was depicted to the Romans across his Empire. Augustus caesar carefully controlled the statue depictions of himself. In one deign he is shown as the humble Pontifex Maximus, the high priest of the College of Pontiffs in Rome. This depicted him as the high priest of the Romans and he was the first to subsumed into the Imperial office. Augustus also had himself depicted in his statues as a just ruler and a soldier that would protect the Roman Empire. He was depicted in statues as perfect in looks and in a peak of physical fitness which is in marked contrast to the earlier Roman style of sculpture that depicted people with all their imperfections, warts and all. Augustus caesar’s careful depiction of himself and his role in the Roman hierarchy worked and his rule was a period of peace in the Roman Empire known as the Pax Romana. USEFUL LINKS: Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Download photos of Roman Statues of Augustus using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html Type - Augustus -In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures photos & images of Roman stone sculptured relief sarcophagus antiquities. A sarcophagus is a stone carved coffin used for inhumation burials. Burial in a sarcophagus was not a popular with the Romans until the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD. Once popularised though the Romans produced incredibly elaborated sarcophagus with intricate relief sculptures. Three major centres and style of sarcophagus production grew in importance. Attic sarcophagi were produced in Athens and drew on the ancient Greek tradition, western Roman style sarcophagi were produced in Rome and Asiatic sarcophagi were produced in Anatolia. The most common shape fro the Roman sarcophagus made in Rome was that of a low rectangular box with a flat lid. The Kline lid was also popular which had sculpted depictions of the deceased reclining on as if reclining on a Kline couch. Western Roman sarcophagus were usually placed against the walls of mausoleums so were only sculpted on one side. The Kline couch lid was also produced in the Attic and Anatolian workshops. Attic sarcophagi are typically rectangular in shape, decorated on all four sides, with elaborate ornamental carving along the base and upper edge. Lids usually have the form of a steeply pitched gabled roof. Typical Asiatic styles included the columned sarcophagus and the garland sarcophagus. The Garland Sarcophagus is described as a “Pamphylia Type Sarcophagus". It is known that these sarcophagi garlanded tombs originated in Perge and manufactured in the sculptural workshops of Perge. The lid of this tomb is in the form of a roof with a triangular pediment at each end. The ends of the roof tiles terminate with antefixtures carved in the form of palmets and masks. The uppermost and corner akrotaries of the pediment are carved in the form of palmets. A stylised rosette-flower is carved in one triangular pediment, the other triangular pediment carries a stylised shield motive. The shield motive is frequently to be seen on tombs and is one of the symbols that were carved on tombs to protect it. The Asiatic sarcophagi classified as. "Columned Sarcophagi of Asia Minor” had the lids of the sarcophagus roof-shaped type with a triangular pediment at each end. On each of the pediments are carved Medusa heads that were deployed to protect the grave. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_sculpture Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Download photos of Roman Sarcophagus photos using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html Type - Sarcophagus -In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures photos images of Roman statues and Roman busts. Pictures of Roman monumental statues, Roman Gods statues, Roman Emperor statues and statues of Roman ancestor busts. Probably the best known Roman art is the Roman statue. This should be the case as the most popular style of western monumental sculptures that adorn city centres and are in front of public buildings is a continuation of the Roman style, which in turn was a continuation of a style developed in Hellenistic ancient Greece. The Romans adorned their temples and public spaces with statues in the same way we do today. At the centre of Roman temples were monumental statues of the God the temple was dedicated to. Roman buildings were built with niches for statues of Roman gods and Roman Emperors. Screens at the back of Roman theatre stages were also built with niches for statues. Roman statues were an integral part of the Roman world and Roman busts adorned Roman houses reminding them of both the gods and their ancestors. The Romans did not invent the familiar style of Roman statues, they copied and adapted statues originally sculpted by Hellenistic Greek sculptors like 4th century BC Greek Athenian sculpture Praxiteles. Up until Augustus Roman sculpture was incredibly realistic and Roman busts reveal literally warts and all. Augustus though realised the power of the statues that depicted him across the Roman world. The Roman statue of Augustus as Pontifex Maximus, circa 17-14 BC, was typical of the approved style that Augustus used to control his public image. As Pontifex Maximus the statue emphasises the piety of the ruler and his reverence for the gods and traditions of Rome. Augustus thus revitalised the role and function of the most ancient Roman priesthoods and exalted the myths that narrated the origins of Rome. The statue is part of the political propaganda that Augustus used to cement his position as first amongst equals to the very conservative Romans. We are used to Seeing Roman statues finished in marble or stone. It is therefore hard for us to believe that the Romans painted their statues as can be seen by microscopic fragments of paint found on them. This gallery includes some reconstructions of Roman statues in colour which demonstrate how the statues may have looked to the Romans. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_sculpture Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Sculpture and statues using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html Type In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures photos & images of Roman statues and sculptures of Roman deities, Roman gods and mythical heroes from the Roman and Greco Roman mythology. Much of Roman religious beliefs was inherited from the ancient Greeks. The religious practices, deities and myths were adopted by the Romans from the different areas of the Empire they occupied. Ancient Egyptian religious beliefs were added to the Roman pantheon and in the north of the Empire a Gallo Roman religion developed that incorporated the gods of the Gauls. Many of the Roman statues that are in our great museums are copies of earlier Greek bronze originals which were melted down for their valuable metal. One of the most popular Roman deities that came from Greek Mythology was Aphrodite, known to the Romans as Venus. Several styles of Roman Venus statues are found in many parts of the Roman Empire all of which can be traced back to Greek originals of the 3rd to 4th centuries BC. Venus is portrayed in Greek Mythology as the ultimate temptress of astounding beauty and is associated with sexual desire. One of the most famous styles of Venus statues is the Aphrodite of Cnidus which still influences artists today. Apollo was also a popular god with the Romans and was given many epithets in different parts of the Roman Empire. Apollo was the oracular god, the prophetic deity of the Delphic Oracle, but was also associated with poetry, art, archery, medicine, sun, light and knowledge. As the god of the vine Bacchus, Greek God Dionysus, was very popular with the Romans and many statues of Bacchus have been excavated from all over the Roman Empire. Bacchus was also a popular subject to be sculpted onto Roman sarcophagus. In Roman Mythology Diana was the goddess of the hunt, moon and child birth. Diana is often depicted hunting with a bow and sometimes with a deer. Divine heroes from Greek mythology were also popular with the Romans such as Hercules, who was the son of Zeus. Hercules statues are often over size to reflect his strength and he was the God of heroes, sports, athletes and health. USEFUL LINKS: Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Download photos of Roman Statues of Roman Emperors using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html Type - Gods -In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures photos & images of Roman mosaic depicting seascapes, ships, marine life and Mythical sea gods and creatures. History of Roman Seascape & Marine Life Mosaics. From the second century AD Roman mosaicists started producing detailed colour mosaics of seascapes. The subject matter ranged from simple depictions of fish framed with geometric patterns to mosaic depictions of the great sea gods like Trajan and Venus. The heart of the Roman Empire spread around the Mediterranean so it is hardly surprising that fish, one of their staple foods, should be a popular subject for Roman mosaics. In the Roman mosaics from Lod in present day Israel the sea is depicted teaming with many species of fish, large and small. The Dolphin is a popular depiction in Roman mosaics and they are linked with Sea Gods. Mosaics of the ‘God of the Sea,' Poseidon, are often accompanied by Dolphins as are depiction of Venus who was born from the sea. A popular mosaic theme was that of Dionysus who repelled Pirates from his ship and they turned into dolphins as they dived overboard. Mosaic fishing scenes were also popular themes with men hauling in nets of fish into boats. Room 24 of the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily shows The Fishing Cupids. This charming mosaic depicts boats with cupids catching fish with rods from the sea. Cupids also swim with dolphins and marine life. Fish were the symbol used by early Roman Christians so fish and fishing scenes were used in the mosaic floors of the early Christian churches Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type- seascape - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos & images of Roman mosaics depicting Roman every day life and Villas. Roman mosaics reveal much about what preoccupied the Roman mind. As well as the great mythical mosaics that were popular in Roman Villas, the Romans also liked to depict themselves and their wealth in their mosaics. Roman mosaics of great estates on owners villa floors demonstrated to visitors the wealth and prestige of the Roman land owner. These mosaic depictions have also given historians a clear idea of what Roman Villas looked like. Romans liked feating and drinking wine and food and drink were popular themes fro Roman mosaics. Baskets of fruit, chickens, wild boar, fish and grapes are depicted in mosaic panels making sumptuous floor coverings. At the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily the Room of the Ten Bikini Girls show young Roman women exercising. These depictions show the women playing games with balls and using weights to exercise. They look very modern in their bikini sportswear and demonstrate that Roman activities are mirrored today all over the world. Roman mosaics were not just used on the floors of Villas and architectural decorative mosaic panels were used on the walls. A stunningly realistic portrait of mosaic of a women survives from Pompeii showing the great skill that could be achieved by Roman mosaicists. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type- villa - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures of Roman mosaics depicting animal hunting scenes. The History of Roman Mosaic Hunting Scenes. By the 3rd century AD the Romans were making extremely intricate coloured mosaic floors with hunting scenes. Boar hunting was popular with the Romans and scenes in the Room of the Small Hunt at the Villa Romana del Casale show the dangers of hunting wild boars. The mosaic shows hunters injured by the boar before one manages to spear the animal. In the same mosaic scenes are shown from a hunt that would have happened all over the Roman Empire. A hunter on horseback is about to spear a hare with a spear and in the centre of the mosaic hunters make an offering to the goddess Diana in thanks for a successful days hunting. The Villa Romana del Casale shows animals being hunted and captured alive to be taken to the Colosseum in Rome. This mosaic also shows lion hunts with hunters being attacked by aggressive lions and having to defend themselves with shield and spears. Mosaic hunting scenes also show hunts with dogs. Foxes are depicted being chased by packs of dogs. Deer are shown being driven by dogs into nets where they would be killed. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type- hunting - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos & images of Roman mosaics depicting Roman Gods and scenes from mythology. The History Of Roman Mythological Mosaics. The Roman Empire was a solely Pagan State until the Constantine the Great at the edict of Milan in 313 legalised Christianity in the Roman Empire. The Romans inherited their Gods and Mythology largely from the Greeks whose culture they admired and copied. The Roman changed the names of the Gods and Goddesses so the Goddess Aphrodite became Venus and so on, but their mythology remained the same as written by the Greeks. Roman were extremely superstitious and daily offerings to the Gods were made by the burning of incense on small stone altars in Roman Villas. Roman consulted priests to read omens before they embarked on new ventures and Emperors consulted oracles before they went to war. If things were going wrong in the Empire it was believed that the Gods had been upset and were taking revenge. It is hardly surprising then that, up until the Roman Empire became Christian, popular Roman mosaic themes were based around the Gods and mythology. One the of the most favourite Gods of the Romans was Dionysus the god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine. Also known as Bacchus, Dionysus is often depicted in Roman mosaics with his debauched teacher Silenus in scenes from their mythology. The mythology of the goddess Venus also is a popular Roman mosaic theme and Venus is depicted in seascapes as she was born from the sea. The Greek God Poseidon the god of the Sea was renamed Neptune by the Romans and seascapes of his mythology are popular themes used by Romans in their Public Baths and fountains. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type- Gods - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etcphotos or as photo wall art prints on line

Pictures photos & images of Roman Geometric mosaic floors and wall decorations. The History of Roman Geometric Mosaic Designs. The first Roman mosaic floors before the 1st century AD used a technique known as crsutae floors which consisted of fragments of marble randomly set into mortar and flattened. From about the 1st century AD the small shapes of marble known as tesserae were used to make the first true Roman opus tesselatum floors. Initially Roman mosaic floors used black marble tesserae to make simple patterns against a white tesserae background. Simple designs with shapes of figures and animals were made surrounded by simple borders. By the end of the second century AD Roman mosaic designs had started to use complex geometric designs that were used to border narrative scenes. Roman mosaicists took the geometric designs to great heights of complexity which demonstrates their deep understanding of mathematics. So complex and intriguing did these geometric design become, by the 3rd century AD many mosaicists reduced and narrative scenes to a small panel in the middle of the mosaic or did away with it all together. The complex Roman geometric shapes played on visual illusions such as cubes that appeared to be three dimensional. A popular design was the Gordian knot that appeared to be impossible to make or undo. Endless variations of intricate designs exist in Roman geometric mosaic designs, and they became so popular that they can be found in every part of the ancient Roman Empire. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type- Geometric - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos & images of early Roman Christian mosaics from Roman Christian Basilicas and churches. Emperor Constantine in the Edict of Milan in 313 AD made Christianity legal in the Roman Empire and in 391 Emperor Theodosius banned Pagan worship in the Roman Empire. Christians destroyed Pagan Temples or occupied them and made them into Christian places of worship. The Early Roman Christians build their first churches in the style of Roman Basilicas. The floors were decorated with mosaics following Christian themes. Many of the Early Roman Christian mosaics that survive come from territories of the Eastern Roman Empire which survived after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 6th century AD. Popular mosaic themes were of animals, fish and birds and Christianity of this period seemed to be a lot closer to nature than current Christian doctrine. Birds drinking from the fountain of life were popular in Roman Christian mosaics as well cups that also held the water of life. Depictions of saints and of Christ are absent from these Roman Christian mosaics and the Cross is represented by the Chi Rho Cross. Early Christian memorial mosaics show depictions of the deceased or show scenes that related to the trade of the departed. Mosaic ships are found on memorial plaques of ship owners. Typical depictions on the memorials show the departed wearing earnings and is dressed in a dalmatic, a long wide-sleeved tunic, which is decorated with black clavi, stripes, and embroidered sleeves. A belt and buckle with cabochons, shaped and polished gem stones, hold the tunic tight at the waste. These garments are still worn by Christian priests today. The early Roman Christians practised full emersion baptisms so had walk in fonts that were decorated with geometric designs and symbols of baptism such as lit candles that represented faith. Mosaics depicting Early Roman Christian Basilicas give us a clear view of what these early Roman churches looked like Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type- Christian - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos & images of Roman mosaics depicting Chariot racing at a Roman Circus. The Roman Circus Chariot racing was an important part of Roman Life. The most famous is the Circus Maximus in Rome but all major Roman cities boasted a Circus. Circus Maximus could sit 150,000 spectators so it is hardly surprising that some of those ardent fans would want to depict the glories of Chariot racing in the mosaics on their villa floors. At its height the chariot racing saw competitions between four chariot teams, the red, blue, green and white factions, each of whom had their ardent fans. The great charioteers became heroes and are commemorated in Roman mosaics. Roman mosaics of the Circus races give some idea of the spectacle the four horse chariots would have made as they raced around a central island decorated with statues of gods and an obelisk, the latter of which can still be seen from the Constantinople circus standing today near the Blue mosque in Istanbul. In the Villa Romana del Casale a Childs room floor had been decorated with a mosaic of a children's circus race in which the child charioteers race in chariots drawn by birds. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type- Chariot - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos Roman mosaics depicting animals including mammals, birds and fish. he History of Animal Depictions in Roman Mosaics. From the 1st century AD the mosaics on the floors of Roman villa became intricate in their designs. Initially Roman mosaicists used black geometric designs to make panels within which animal depictions were placed. By the end of the second century coloured mosaics were being produced with increasingly detailed animal depictions. By the end of the third century the geometric element of many Roman mosaic floors, particularly those following the style set by north African mosaicists, had been reduced to a narrow border within which scenes of animal hunts, full seascapes with fish and intricate panels with exotic birds like peacocks were being produced throughout the Roman Empire. A popular theme of Roman mosaics was the hunt. Fine examples can be seen at the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily in the Room of the Small Hunt and The Room of the Big Hunt. The Small Hunt mosaic shows animals being hunted such as hares, deer and wild boar. The Big Hunt shows animals from Africa such as lions and elephants being captured to be taken to the Colosseum. Another popular theme in Roman animal mosaics were depiction of the River Nile and its animals. Hippopotamus and exotic birds are depicted in and on the banks of the Nile as well as snakes and alligators. The Romans loved seascapes which were populated with fish and dolphins. A wonderful example is the mosaic from Lod in present day Israel that depicts a sea teaming with endless species of fish. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type - animals - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos & images of Africa style Roman mosaics from North Africa and Sicily. All the Roman mosaics that depict scenes or geometric shapes date from after the first century AD as true mosaics using the opus tessellated, small coloured ceramics, did not exist before this date. In Italy from this date the popular mosaic style were mosaic designs of black tesserae against a white background but very few examples of this style exists in Roman African mosaics. The next development of mosaics in the first half of the second century AD saw the inclusion of polychrome, coloured tesserae, into simple geometric borders of Roman mosaics. These early polychrome Roman mosaics are found scattered across north Africa in Carthage , Sousse, El Jem and in Byzantine. By the last half of the second and beginning of the third century AD African mosaicists started to develop geometric frames for their mosaics. At this point a style emerged that featured vegetative patterns with decorative motifs that branched out across the whole mosaic pavement. Popular figurative motifs included animals, sea life and objects from the every day life of the African Romans. It was during this period of the Pax Romana that African mosaics became recognised as one of the most important schools of creative mosaic production. The influence of its style spread to the majority of the Roman provinces and became so popular that the floors Villa Romana del Casale, in present day Sicily, the home of Emperor Maximianus were decorated by African mosaicists in an African mosaic style. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the Roman Province of Africa Proconsularis was ruled by the Eastern Roman ( Byzantines ) from Constantinople. After the rule of Constantine the Eastern Roman Empire became Christian and many examples of early Christian mosaics still exist from Africa Proconsularis. these include church pavement mosaics and memorial mosaics from early churches. In the 7th century AD Africa Proconsularis fell to the Islamic hoards that poured out of the Arabian peninsular. The new Islamic rulers were not interested in occupying the old Roman towns which left thousands of mosaics covered with ruined houses which is why Tunisia, in particular, has an incredible number of fine mosaics which are exhibited in the great Bardo museum in Tunis as well as museums in El Jem and Sousse. . Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos images of the Roman mosaics of Zeugma Mosaic Museum Gaziantep, Turkey. The Zeugma Mosaic Museum in Gaziantep is the worlds biggest Roman mosaic museum. Its core collection is from Ancient Zeugma archaeology site. In the 1960's it became clear to archaeologists that Zeugma had lost many of its Roman mosaics to illegal excavations. The threat to the Roman mosaics of Zeugma increased in the 1980 when the site came under threat of being covered by a reservoir. this led to intensive excavations at Zeugma to rescue its mosaics. Zeugma, which was founded in the 3rd-4th century B.C. by Seleucus Nicator I, one of Alexander the Great’s commanding generals, is situated at one of the easiest fording places on the Euphrates. Maybe therefore its name, ‘Zeugma’, means ‘bridgehead’ or ‘crossing place’. When the Romans occupied Zeugma its wealthy merchants built villas on the banks of the Euphrates. It is from these villas that the ancient city of Zeugma yielded one of the richest troves of Roman mosaics ever uncovered. One of the highlights of the Zeugma mosaic exhibits is the Gypsy Girl. A fragment from a bigger mosaic shows a girls eyes and half her face. The incredible expression in the girls eyes demonstrates an incredible subtly of the mosaic artists skill. It its hard to imagine that such expressive eyes could be achieved by mosaic. The high quality of the Zeugma mosaics can be seen in mosaics like The Oceanos & Tethys Mosaic, The Poseidon Mosaic and the Mousai Mosaic in which mythical gods are depicted in great reality. There are also some incredible geometric Roman mosaics exhibited at the Zeugma Museum which demonstrate incredibly complex geometric shapes as well as complex 3 dimensional mosaics. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box type - Zeugma - refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

(Pictures, images and photos of the Roman Ampitheatre of Aspendos, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. In ancient times Aspendos was conquered and re-conquered by the Spartans then the Persians. As with all other Anatolian cities the Persians were finally defeated in 333 BC by Alexander the Great and was later ruled by the Kings of Pergamon. In 133 B.C Attalus III of Pergamon died without an heir and left the Kingdom of Pergamon to the Roman Empire. The Theatre of Aspendos was built in in 155 AD during the rule of Marcus Aurelius designed by the architect Zeno. The Theatre is the one of best preserved in the Asia Minor. 96 metres in diameter it can seat 7000 the csaenae frond or backdrop wall is still intact. Following Hellenistic traditions the theatre is built into the hillside below the Acropolis with a backdrop that is still intact. The rest of the building design is Roman. A rather dubious story relates that the ruler of Aspendos offered his daughter in marriage to any man that did a great building work for the city. Two men rose to the challenge one building a new viaduct and the other the theatre. They both completed their building at the same time and the ruler announced that he would have to cut his daughter in half, giving each man a half. One protested that he would rather give up the hand of the daughter rather than see any harm come to her, and this un-selfish act was duly rewarded with the girls hand in marriage. After the conquest of Anatolia by the Ottoman Turks the Roman amphitheatre was used as a Caravansarai for the camel trains working the Silk Route. Little damage was done to the building though and when Ataturk , founder of modern day Turkey, visited Aspendos he was so impressed with its preservation that he pronounced that the theatre should be protected and used for performances and today it hosts the Aspendos International Opera and Ballet Festival. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspendos Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Aspendos Roman Ampitheatre using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/aspendos-ampitheatre-turkey.html

Pictures images photos of The Colosseum, one of the great iconic buildings of the world. Block buster films glorify the thrill of fearless Gladiators fighting to the death in the Colosseum to the roar of 80,000 Roman spectators, whilst Christians make pilgrimage to the Colosseum, which has been sanctified by the Pope, to pay homage to the Christians that were martyred there 1700 years ago. The shear scale of the Colosseum, the biggest building in the Roman Empire, is awe inspiring and a spectacular monument to Roman engineering. Its gruesome games are also a reminder of how blood thirsty thrills can be used to entertain the masses. Started in 72 AD at the order of emperor Vespasian, the Colosseum was completed by Titus in 80 AD. At the inaugural games over 9.000 animals were killed which set the benchmark for future events to beat. In 106 Emperor Trajan celebrated his conquest of Dacia (Romania) with 123 days of games involving 10,000 animals and 11,000 gladiators. Elaborate sets were built in which hunters stalked exotic animals like Lions & Tigers from Africa or bears from Europe. Before each games condemned prisoners were executed for the entertainment of the crowd. In 303 AD the first Christians joined the condemned in the Colosseum and were executed. Emperor Diocletian, who had aligned himself with Jupiter and the old Olympian Gods, ordered everyone in the Empire to make sacrifice to the pagan Gods, if they didn't they were sentenced to death. Christians were literally fed to the Lions in the Colosseum in a brutal martyrdom. These horrific scenes did not excite the crowd much though as the Christian simply knelt in prayer and accepted their fate with quiet dignity believing that, as martyrs, they were going to heaven. The crowd could not see why pious Christians who had spent their lives doing good deeds were being executed. By 311 Christian persecutions were stopped and the new emperor, Constantine, made Christianity an official religion of the Roman Empire. Gladiators are synonymous with the Colosseum. They were trained at great expense and there was great rivalry between the Gladiatorial schools. The Roman Nobility financed the Gladiatorial games to show off their wealth and power. Gladiators could win riches and fame if they were successful and eventually but their freedom. Records show that retired gladiators talked of their defeats as well as wins which shows that not all fights were to the death, as Gladiators were far too valuable for their owners to waste needlessly. Add photos of the Colosseum Roman amphitheatre Rome to the cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/colosseum-rome.html Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to buy as buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Picture & images of the ruins of the Ancient Greek Didyma Temple of Apollo & home to the Oracle of Apollo. Also known as the Didymaion completed circa 550 BC. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. modern Didim in Aydin Province, Turkey. Ancient Greek Didyma Temple lies at one end of an 11 mile (24 KM) processional Sacred Way that started in Miletius on the western Anatolian coast in pesent day Turkey. Didyma Temple, or the Didymaion, was completed around 550 BC and was built over a spring from which an Oracle made prophecies. As this Oracle of Apollo was second only to the Oracle of Delphi in the Ancient World, Didyma Temple became an important centre. An annual procession was held along the Sacred Way from Mietius to Didyma. The culmination of the festivities was an annual feat which included athletic and artistic competitions. Victors were often honoured with statues, the bases of which can be seen today at the archaeological site. The inscriptions on these statue bases are citations to flute players, trumpeters, actors, pantomine artista and orators which give us a picture of the types of artistic competions held at Didyma. The Atheletic games held in the nearby stadium included wrestling, track racing but no chariot racing. Didyma Temple continued as an important temple until the 5th & 6th century AD when a Byzantine church was built in the Temple courtyard. Download picture & images of the ruins of the Ancient Greek Didyma Temple of Apollo & home to the Oracle of Apollo or buy as photo art prints on line. Add photos of Didyma Temple of Apollo Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/didyma-temple-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didyma Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Pictures photos images of Ephesus of the Roman ruins of the library of Celsus. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. See & buy Ephesus stock photos or Ephesus photo art prints & cards. Ephesus ( Ephesos; Turkish Efes) was an ancient Greek city, and later a major Roman city, on the west coast of Asia Minor, near present-day Selçuk, Izmir Province, Turkey. It was one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League during the Classical Greek era. In the Roman period, it was for many years the second largest city of the Roman Empire; ranking behind Rome, the empire's capital. One of the landmark buildings of Ephesus is the library of Celsus. Completed in 135 AD by Celsus, son of Gaius Julius Aquila, the library of Celsus stored over 12,000 scrolls and was one of the great libraries of the ancient world. The library also served as a mausoleum for Celsus whose sarcophagus was buried below the library floor. The library of Celsus has become one of the iconic examples of Roman architecture. Ephesus is also linked with St Paul who lived in the city fro some time and wrote the Epistle to Ephesians while he was in prison in Rome (around 62 AD). Although St Paul was driven from Ephesus by its population who preferred their Pagan traditions to the new monotheistic Christian religion, Ephesus was probably an early strong hold of Christianity and St John may well have written his Gospel in Ephesus. Ephesus was one of the seven cities addressed in Revelation (Revelation 2:1–7), indicating that the church at Ephesus was strong. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephesus Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Ephesus Archaeological Sire using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/ephesus-celsus-library-turkey.html

Pictures images photos of Roman Emperor 2nd century AD Hadrian’s Villa ( Villa Adriana ). Images & photos of the archaeology site of Hadrian’s Villa near Tivoli, Italy. Hadrian was Roman Emperor from 117 to 138. He was a just and wise Emperor who was a great patron of building projects all over the Empire. From Hadrian’s Wall between England and Scotland to The Temple of Zeus in Athens Hadrian’s architects showed great skill and innovation. Tired of his palace on the Palatine Hill in Rome, Hadrian decided to build a Villa outside Rome at the foot of the hills below present day Tivoli. The result could hardly be called a Villa as the complex of huge buildings that were built on the 21 hector site with huge thermal baths, libraries and a water garden. At the heart of the complex is the so called Maritime Theatre (Teatro Marittimo), named after the marine architectural decorations that adorned its exterior. This ingenious building sits on a small round Islet surrounded by a moat full of water which in turn is surrounded by a circular barrel vaulted portico with 40 Ionic columns. The villa at its centre had rooms that surrounded a central peristyle and it it here that Hadrian escaped the turmoil of his duties to write poetry or just to relax away from the turmoil of his daily duties. Hadrian, like most Romans was a great lover of the baths, where daily discussions took place and business was conducted. The site of the Villa Adriana was chosen because of its ready supply of thermal water which fed the bath complexes of the villa. Hadrian was a great admirer of the Greeks and began the fashion in Rome of wearing beards as the ancient Greeks had done. He also travelled to all parts of his empire and brought back ideas to incorporate into his villa. The Canopus is an elongated canal imitating the famous sanctuary of Serapis near Alexandria. The semi-circular exedra of the Serapeum is located at its southern end, dedicated to the gods Isis and Serpis which was probably used as a banqueting hall. The sides of the canal was lined with statues of the caryatids that would have been inspired by the Erechtheion in Athens. After Hadrian’s death the villa was maintained but the Emperors largely preferred their Palace in Rome. Constantine removed much of the art from the Villa and took it to Constantinople. Add photos of Hadrian’s Villa Tivoli to the cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/hadrians-villa-tivoli.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Villa Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to buy as buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures, photos & images of Housesteads Roman Fort and Hadrian’s Wall, England. Hadrian’s Wall, in latin Vallum Aelium, runs across west to east some of England's most dramatic countryside. Built by the Romans in 122AD from the North Sea, along the banks of the Tyne then west to the Solway Firth of the the Irish Sea a distance of 117.5 km (73.0 miles) , it was completed in 6 years. It was ordered to be constructed by Emperor Hadrian who realised that the Roman Empire had grown big enough and needed protective walls around its boundaries. It is unclear if Hadrian’s wall was a defensive wall or if it was a way of collecting taxes from goods moving from present day Scotland south into England. Either way the wall represents an incredible engineering feat. On the north side of the wall is a ditch above which is built the wall 5 to 6 metres (16 to 20 feet) high and 3 metres (9.8 feet) wide which was wide enough to act as a military way. Every mile is a milecastle with two turrets which was permanently garrisoned. Every five miles is a fort which housed infantry and cavalry, the number of forts was between 14 to 17 in total. Housesteads, in Latin Vercovicium, is a fort situated roughly in the middle of Hadrian’s Wall built in about 124AD. Its ruins show the remains of buildings that would have house a large fighting force. The outline of granaries can be seen with the brick pillars that raised to floors to allow for underfloor heating. Housesteads Fort has one of best preserved latrines of Roman Britain. The fort was garrisoned by a double sized auxiliary cohort and legionnaires from the Legio II Augusta. The wall remained garrisoned until 409AD when the Romans withdrew and left England. Hadrian’s Wall is a UNESCO World Heritage site because of it is a striking example of the organisation of a military zone and illustrates the defensive techniques and geopolitical strategies of ancient Rome. Housesteads is situated along the most dramatic section of Hadrian’s Wall where it is built along the bluff line of steeply undulating Hills. From this section of the wall the dramatic scenery of Northumberland runs in every direction. Buy high resolution Prints and Royalty Free on line downloads images of Hadrian's Wall England.

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of the ruins of Hierapolis archaeological site near Pamukkale in Turkey. Hierapolis is an ancient Spa City that traces its roots back to Classical Phrygia when it was the sacred site of Cybele. It was founded by the Attalid kings of Pergamon at the end of the 2nd century BC and its name was derived from Hiera, the beautiful wife of Telephos, the legendary founder of Pergamum. In 133 BC Attalus III died and he bequeathed his kingdom to Rome so Hierapolis became part of the Roman Asian Province. During the Greco-Roman Hierapolis was developed into a spa resort becoming a sacred city (hieron). Emperor Tiberius rebuilt and enlarged the thermal baths of Hierapolis circa 14 AD but the city was destroyed by an earthquake in 60 AD and rebuilt again. The Theatre was probably constructed under the reign of Hadrian after the earthquake of 60 AD and other Greco-Roman period ruins include baths, temple ruins, a monumental arch, a nymphaeum, and a necropolis. Hierapolis reached its peak of importance in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD and remained a thermal resort until 1334 when it was once again destroyed by an earthquake and abandoned. In 80 AD St Philip was martyred in Hierapolis and when Christianity became the official Roman religion the town was made a bishopric. In the 5th century AD an octagonal church, the Martyrium or Martyrdom of St Phillip was built on the site of his martyrdom and his tomb stands nearby. Hierapolis became a site of early Christian pilgrimage and an important religious centre for the Eastern Roman Empire. The Northern Necropolis of Hierapolis contains sarcophagi that date back 2000 years to its Hellenistic period. The Necropolis covers a vast site with huge monumental tombs of the wealthy families of Hierapolis. Add photos of Hieropolis using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/pamukkale-hierapolis-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierapolis Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg

Photos of Emerita Augusta the Roman ruins in Merida, Spain. Emerita Augusta was founded in 25 BC and became the capital of the Roman Province of Lustania and today Merida is the capital of the Extremadura, western central Spain. The Roman ruins of Emerita Augusta n Merida are the most extensive in Spain and the well-preserved remains of the old city include, in particular, a large bridge over the river Guadiana, an amphitheatre, a theatre, a vast circus and an exceptional water-supply system. Merida is an excellent example of a provincial Roman imperial capital and is symbolic of the process of Romanisation in a land that had hitherto not been influenced by the urban phenomenon. The Roman ruins are so important that Merida was made a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993. Emerita was founded by Augustus in 25 BC at the end of his Spanish campaign. Its first inhabitants were time-expired veterans of the Legio V Alaudae and Legio X Gemina legions veterans of the Cantabrian Wars. Three years later it became the capital of the new Roman province of Lusitania, and played an important role as the base for the conquest of the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula. Its site was a classic one, where a major road crossed an important river (the Quadiana), and it became a very important administrative, commercial, and communications centre. Emerita benefited from the rule of the Spanish Emperors Trajan, Hadrian, and Diocletian who endowed it with splendid public buildings. Christianity was established there in the 3rd century, and it was quickly to become the seat of an archbishop. With the pacification of the peninsula by the Visigoths from 457 onwards it flourished as the capital of one of the six provinces, and enjoyed a special role as cultural centre. As our photos show the Roman theatre is in incredible condition. The theatre of Merida was built from 16 to 15 BC and dedicated by the consul Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. It was renovated in the late 1st or early 2nd century AD, possibly by the emperor Trajan, and again between 330 and 340 during Constantine's reign, when a walkway around the monument and new decorative elements were added. With the advent of Christianity as Rome's sole state religion, theatrical performances were officially declared immoral: the theatre was abandoned and most of its fabric was covered with earth, leaving only its upper tiers of seats (summa cavea). The Roman bridge over the River Guardiana spans 792 metres making it one of the largest surviving bridges of ancient times. The location of the bridge was carefully selected at a ford of the river Guadiana, which offered as a support a central island that divides it into two channels. In the Roman era the length was extended several times, adding at least five consecutive sections of arches so that the road is not cut during the periodic flooding of the Guadiana. Buy and download photos of Merida on line or by pictures and images as photo art prints.

Pictures images photos of the Cascata delle Marmore (Marmore Falls) near Terni, Umbria. In 271 BC The Roman Senate decided to solve the illness caused by malaria in the city of Reiti by draining a nearby lake and it's surrounding swamps. To do this a drainage canal known as the Curiano Trench was dug which ended at the cliffs of Marmore. When completed the water from the upland lake and swamps flowed into the canal and over the cliffs at Marmore creating one of the highest man made waterfalls in Europe. The falls descend in 3 drops, the tallest being 83 m (272 feet), a total of 165 m (541 feet) into the Nera river below then on into the Tiber. t is incredible to think that an awe inspiring the Cascata delle Marmore was man made and people have marvelled at its beauty for over 2000 years. The Marmore Falls made their artistic debut in as a backdrop in Virgil's epic poem the Aeneid (Circa 19 BC), then reappeared in the middle Ages in Dante's Paradise going on later to inspire Byron who wrote about them in his poem “Pilgrimage of Child Harold”. Today the Cascata delle Marmore does not inspire sporadically as the waters that flow over them are shared by a hydro electric power station so the water is only allowed to flow over the Marmore Falls at certain times of the year for a few hours at a time. Add photos of Cascata delle Marmore Italy to the cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/cascata-delle-marmore.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascata_delle_Marmore

Pictures photos images of the Ancient Greek & Roman building ruins of Miletus Archaeological Site, Anatolia, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Miletus is situated on the delta of the Maeander River where it flows into the Aegean sea and dates back to Neolithic times. During the Archaic Greek Period Miletus became one of the twelve ancient Greek cities of Ionia which came under Persian rule. The ancient harbour city of Miletus was the economic and cultural centre of the eastern Aegean and home to the early natural philosophers Thales and Anaximander. Via the Maeander River Valley Miletus also connected to the Central Anatolian High Plateau. At the turn of the 5th century BCE Miletus led an unsuccessful uprising of Greek Ionian cities against Persian rule and was punished with destruction. Renewed prosperity during the Hellenistic and the Roman imperial periods resulted in many opulent marble buildings. A Greek Theatre was built which was remodelled many times to a width of 139.8 meters to seat 18,500 people. Miletus was connected to Temple of Apollon at Didyma by a Sacred Way. At the beginning of the Sacred Way is an Ionic Stoa forming a colonnade of Ionic order that is 99 m long, 9 m high. A portico served as a covered grandstand and ornamental backdrop during various ceremonious processions on the street in front of it. The Baths of Faustina were the largest bath and sports complex at Miletus in Roman times. Established by Faustina the Younger, wife of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius (161-180 AD). In Late Antiquity the building was used as part of the city fortifications of Miletus. The Great Harbour monument was opened by the city of Miletus either in honour of the achievements of Pompeius in his war against the pirates (67 BC) or for the victory of Augustus over Mark Antony and Cleopatra in the battle of Actium (31 BC). In late antiquity the Maeander delta became cut off from the open sea and led to annual flooding of Miletus ancient city centre. Later Byzantine and Islamic developments at Miletus were on the high ground above the flood plain. Add photos of Miletus Archaeological Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/miletus-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miletus Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures, images and photos of Pergamon ( Bergama ), archaeological site, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. The Kingdom of Pergamon was ruled by Eumenes II in 197-159 B.C who expanded the Library of Pergamon. The copying of ancient manuscripts was a lucrative business in the ancient world and the Library Alexandria had the monopoly of the great books and the Egyptian papyrus that they were copied onto. When the Library of Pergamon to began to rival that in Alexandria and the Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt banned the export of papyrus to Pergamon. Not to be defeated the Library at Pergamon invented a substitute, Parchment, which is made from animal skin and could be cut into squares and bound into the first books known as codex. In 133 B.C Attalus III of Pergamon died without an heir and left the Kingdom of Pergamon to the Roman Empire. Under the rule of Mark Anthony, Cleopatra took the opportunity to persuade him that the books of the Library of Pergamon would be better housed in the Library of Alexandria, so Pergamon lost is great library and slowly declined. The archaeological site of Pergamon is one of the most dramatic sites of antiquity. The white Corinthian columns of the Temple of Trajan are visible from miles away. Started by Emperor Trajan the construction of the Temple was finished by Hadrian (117 AD). From the Acropolis one of the steepest amphitheatres of the ancient world descends down the hillside. Capable of holding an audience of 10,000 the theatre was constructed in the 3rd cent. B.C. Under the rule of Emperor Caracalla (211-217 AD) the theatre was given a Roman makeover. The Upper Acropolis Great Altar of Pergamon constructed by Eumenes II in the first half of the 2nd cent. B.C was excavated in 1878 by German engineer Carl Humann. The thousands of fragments of the freeze were reconstructed by Italian restorers in Berlin. The Pergamon Museum was built to house the great altar. Add photos of Pergamon Archaeological Site Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/pergamon-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pergamon Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures images photos of Perge ( Perga ) Archaeological Site, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Perge (Greek: Perga ) was an ancient Greek city in Anatolia and the capital of in Antalya province on the southwestern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. During the Hellenistic period, Perga was one of the richest and most beautiful cities in the ancient world,[citation needed] famous for its temple of Artemis and its renowned ancient Greek mathematician Apollonius of Perga. In the twelfth century BC, there was a large wave of Greek migration from northern Anatolia to the Mediterranean coast. Perga was founded around 1000 BC and is nearly 20 kilometres (12 mi) inland to avoid the pirate bands that terrorized this stretch of the Mediterranean. In 546 BC, the Achaemenid Persians defeated the local powers and gained control of the region, then in 333 BC Alexander the Great retook Perga from the Persians. Roman rule began in 188 BC, and most of the surviving ruins today date from this period. In 46 A.D., according to the Acts of the Apostles, St. Paul journeyed to Perga, where he delivered a sermon. The Romans carried out extensive building in Perga creating one of the most beautiful cities in all of Anatolia. In the first half of the fourth century, during the reign of Constantine the Great (324-337), Perga became an important centre of Christianity. After the collapse of the Roman Empire, Perga remained inhabited until Seljuk times, before being gradually abandoned. Add photos of Perge or Perga Archaeological Site using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/perge-archaeological-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perga Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures Images photos of Pompeii archaeological site and museum exhibits. One of the most famous Roman archaeological sites is Pompeii. Buried by ash & pumice from an eruption of nearby Mount Vesuvius on the 24 August AD 79, Pompeii was lost for 1700 years until it was rediscovery in 1748. The excavated town provided a snap shot of Roman life with well preserved streets, shops & villas. The Roman frescoes discovered in Pompeii have given an insight into Roman art and the erotic frescoes were a source of embarrassment and were much misunderstood by 19th century academics & the nobility who hid them away from public view until the year 2000. The excavations also revealed that Romans were great practitioners of graffiti which ranged from the bawdy to political statements written on walls by hired scribes. Pompeii has been a popular tourist destination for 250 years attracting over 2.6 million visitors a year. Pompeii is part of the Vesuvius National Park and was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Add photos of Pompeii Archaeological Site to the cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/pompeii.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pompeii Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to buy as buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures images photos of the Roman aqueduct of the Pont du Gard, Nimes, France. The ancient Roman City of Nemausus, present day Nimes, became a Roman colony in about 28 BC becoming the capital of the Roman province of Narbonne under Augustus. The city grew quickly to a population of about 60,000 and therefore needed a reliable water supply. This was achieved by building a 50 km (31 miles) long aqueduct from an inland spring at Uzes to Nimes. The aqueduct has to cross a hilly terrain winding around hill sides with only a drop of only 17 m (56ft) from the spring at Uzes over its entire 50 km length to the water cisterns at Nines, a gradient of only 1 in 3,000 . This would be a major engineering feat today but the fact that the Roman hydraulic engineers managed to build the aqueduct 2000 years, before the sophisticated hi tech surveying equipment we have today was invented, is incredible. The aqueduct required canals to be built following the contours of the land and when this was not possible tunnels were dug through hills. When the aqueduct had to cross valleys bridges were built. The aqueduct bridge that crosses the Gardon River is an incredible piece of engineering and stand intact as the Romans built it. The Pont du Gard is made up of three tiers of arches with the aqueduct running along the top. The highest point of the Pont du Gard is 48.8 m (160ft ) and its span is 360 m (393 yards) and it drops only 2.5 cm (1in) over that length. This is an amazingly accurate piece of engineering and it is estimated that the Pont du Gard would have carried a staggering 200,000 cubic meters (44 million gallons) a day. The Romans built with rounded arches which were not as strong as the later pointed arches so it means that the arch piers had to be thick. It took an estimated 50,000 tons of yellow limestone rock to build the Pont du Gard and its central arch which spans the river is 25 m (82 ft) wide making it one of the biggest known ancient Roman arch. In the 6th century AD the western Roman Empire went into decline and the lack of maintenance of the Pont du Gard meant that the aqueduct became blocked up and stopped working. The Pont du Gard survived in tact because it was an important transport bridge across the River Gardon and became a toll bridge. Add photos of Pont du Gard to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock (scroll down and type Gard into lower search box) USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pont_du_GardUNESCO World Heritage https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/344/

Pictures photos images of Sardis (Sart Turkey), the capital of the Lydian Empire situated in western Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. Sardis was one of the great important cities of Asia Minor that thrived under the rule of King Croesus famed for his wealth and the minting of the first bimetallic coins in gold and silver. Croesus fearing an invasion from the Persians consulted the Oracle of Delphi asking if he attacked the Persians would he win. He was told that if he attacked the Persians a great Empire would fall. Taking this as a good omen Croesus attacked the Persians and a great Empire did fall, that of the Lydians as the Persians took and sacked Sardis and Croesus ended his life as a Persian slave. In 334 BC Sardis fell to Alexander the Great who sacked the city in revenge for the Persian sack of Athens. The Romans then conquered Sardis and building fine buildings like the reconstructed Bath Gymnesium that can be seen in our photo collection. The gymnasium is a typical Greco Roman design of Anatolian Roman cities incorporating Greek classical features with Roman architecture. In 1963 excavations unearthed perhaps the most impressive synagogue in the western diaspora yet discovered from antiquity, yielding over eighty Greek and seven Hebrew inscriptions as well as numerous mosaic floors. The presence of a 4th Cent Synagogue in a major Roman city has caused the relationship between Jews and the late Roman Empire to be re-examined. The Temple of Artimis was originally the fourth largest Ionic temple when it was originally built in 300 B.C. In 150 AD under Roman rule when the worship of the Emperor required all Roman cities to have a Temple dedicated to the Imperial family. The temple was split into two sections with one half for Artemis and the Empress Faustina and the other for Zeus and Emperor Antoninus Pius and the present construction shows elements of Greek and Roman styles. Add photos of Sardis Archaeological Site Turkey using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/sardis-archaeological-site-turkey.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardis Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw

Pictures images photos of the Roman mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale , Piazza Armerina , Sicily. Around 1160 a huge mud slide in the Morgantina hills near Piazza Armerina in central Sicily buried an abandoned Roman Villa and its associated buildings which became to be known as the Villa Romana del Casale. Fragments of exposed wall from the villa drew little attention until the 1950s when the Villa Romana del Casale was excavated to reveal 3,500 square meters of exquisite Roman mosaics perfectly preserved by the mud. These mosaics at the Villa Romana del Casale are the largest area of Roman mosaics in situ in the world and are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The Villa Romana del Casale mosaics have been dated to the first quarter of the fourth century AD. The clothing and themes in the pictures point to it being owned by Emperor Maximinianus. The scale of the mosaics at Villa Romana del Casale is breathtaking. Animals are depicted from the 5 Roman African Diocese. Panthers from Mauritania, Antelopes from Numidia, Wild Horses from Tripolitana, the now extinct Berber Lion from Morocco and Wild Boar from Byzaena now Tunisia. The animals are loaded into ships to be transported to Rome for the games in the Colosseum. Two figures wearing traditional hats from the Pannonia Province Maximinianus came from stand watching the animals being put aboard a ship. Next to them is an Elephant which were reserved for the Emperors games in the Colosseum only. Next to the Elephant are the letters "MA" which stand for Maximinianus Augustus, lending more weight to this being the Emperor's Villa. The floor of every room is decorated with lavish mosaics each having a different theme. The exercise room of the Villa has a gigantic mosaic of the Circus Maximus in Rome complete with racing chariots. Children's rooms have mosaics of children chariot racing at a miniature Circus Maximus. Mosaics in other rooms depict musician or mythical figures and the extent of the Empires influence is celebrated with depictions of people from as far away as India. One of the most surprising mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale for modern viewers is nicknamed the Bikini Girls. This shows 10 young women in bikini style tops and bottoms . They appear to be in competition with each other as one of them, presumably the winner, is about to be crowned with a laurel crown. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Romana_del_Casale Roman Mosiacs Photo Collection https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery/Roman-Mosaics-Roman-Mosaic-Pictures-Photos-and-Images-Fotos/G00008dLtP71H_yc/C0000q_tZnliJD08 Add photos of Villa Romana del Casale Roman mosaics to the cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/villaromanadelcasale.html

Photos of Volubilis Roman archaeological site, Morocco. From the 3rd century BC Volubilis was a Phoenician then Carthaginian settlement at the foot of the Jebel Zerhoun mountain overlooking the fertile Gharb Plain in north eastern Morocco. After the fall of Carthage in 146 BC to the Romans, Volubilis came under Roman rule as part of its client state of Mauritania finally being annexed in 44AD by Emperor Claudius. The fertile plains of Volubilis produced grain, highly valued in the Roman Empire to feed Rome, olive oil from the olive groves on the mountain slopes as well as wild animals for the gladiatorial spectacles of the Roman Empire. At its height Volubilis had an estimate population of 20,000 which was substantial for a provincial Roman city and became the administrative centre of Mauretania Tingitana. After the collapse of the western Roman Empire in the 6th century AD Volubilis continued to be inhabited by Christian and Jews who were the descendants of ancestors who had been persecuted in the late Roman Empire. In 708 the Arabs conquered North Africa and in 788 Moulay Idriss, a direct descendant of the Prophet Mohammad, established the Idrisid dynasty in Volubilis, renamed Ksar Faraoun. Today Moulay Idriss is buried at the nearby hill ton of who is buried at nearby Moulay Idris. In the 17th century Moulay Ismail made nearby Meknes the Imperial capital and stone from Volubilis was used to build the new city. In the 1830s when Morocco was under French Colonial rule scientific explorations found the Roman remains and by the late 19th century the first archaeological excavations started at Volubilis. The recovery of Roman ruins was used a political tool by the French to strengthen European links with North Africa so legitimising their colonisation programme. At the centre of the archaeological site is the Basilica, the building used by Romans for legal hearings which were later converted into the first Christian churches. Most of one wall of the Basilica remains standing along with its interior its columns. Next to the Basilica is the Capitoline Temple dedicated to the three chief divinities of the Roman state, Jupiter, Juno and Minerva. Civic assemblies were held in front of the temple to beseech the aid of the gods or to thank them for successes in major civic undertakings such as fighting wars. It was partly restored in 1955 and given a more substantial restoration in 1962, reconstructing 10 of the 13 steps, the walls of the cella and the columns. There were four more small shrines within the temple precinct, one of which was dedicated to Venus. Photos of Volubilis can be downloaded and photo art pictures of Volubilis can be bought on line. Buy as high resolution stock royalty free images of travel images to download on line or buy as photo art prints.

(updater 2021) Pictures images photos of the Maison Carrée or Square House is the name given to the best preserved Roman temple remaining from the ancient Roman Empire. The Maison Carrée was originally built as the heart of the Roman forum of Nemausus, present day Nimes, in the south of France. The Maison Carrée temple was built as a Roman cult temple to Julius Caesar around 4-7 AD. It was later rededicated to Emperor Augustus. The Maison Carrée temple is an example of the architecture attributed to the influential Roman architect Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (70 - 15 BC) who wrote “The Ten Books of Architecture”. The Maison Carrée temple measures 26 m by 13.5 m and is raised on a 2.8 m high podium. The temples facade has a flight of stone steps leading to its portico with six Corinthian columns. From the portico a high door leads into the temple. Download pictures of the Maison Carrée Roman temple, Nimes, France or buy as photo wall art on line. Add photos of Maison Carree Nimes to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock (scroll down and type Maison Carree into lower search box) USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_Carrée Photos of Roman Nimes https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery/Pictures-of-Roman-Nimes-Temple-Amphitheatre-Aqueduct-France/G0000BPSDojwXjKI/C0000pDRcOaIqj8E

(updater 2021) Photos pictures images of the Roman City of Nemausus, present day Nimes, is situated in the Languedoc-Roussillon region of southern France. In about 28 BC Nemausus became a Roman colony and by the time of Augustus had a population of 60,000 Romans. The city was ringed by 6 km (3.7 miles) of ramparts with 14 towers and was known as the Porta Augusta or the doorway to Gaul, present day France. Present day Nimes is the centre of important Roman monuments including the Pont du Gard a Roman aqueduct which crosses the River Gard as part of a 50 km (31 miles) long aqueduct from an inland spring at Uzes to Nimes which delivered a staggering 200,000 cubic meters (44 million gallons) of water a day to Nimes. The Maison Carrée or Square House is the name given to the best preserved Roman temple remaining from the ancient Roman Empire. The Maison Carrée was originally built as the heart of the Roman forum of Nemausus, present day Nimes, in the south of France. The Maison Carrée temple was built as a Roman cult temple to Julius Caesar around 4-7 AD. It was later rededicated to Emperor Augustus. The Maison Carrée temple measures 26 m by 13.5 m and is raised on a 2.8 m high podium. The temples facade has a flight of stone steps leading to its portico with six Corinthian columns. From the portico a high door leads into the temple. The Roman amphitheatre of Nimes was built around 70 AD. It is an oval amphitheatre measuring 133 m long and 101 m wide. Its two floors are supported by two rows of 60 arches on top of each other with seating inside for about 24,000 spectators on 34 rows of terraces. As with all Roman amphitheatres each division of the arena was accessed by its own flight of stairs which mad access very easy and fast . The open design and pitch of the seating also ensured an uninterrupted view of the arena. Underground floors beneath the Area allowed easy acess for animals and gladiators via stairs and lifts. As the Roman Empire declined in the 6th century AD, Visigoths started conquering Roman territory. When they took Nimes they fortified the Amphitheatre. By the Mid 8th century the early Kings of France had recovered the south of France and the Viscounts of Nimes constructed a fortified Palace inside the amphitheatre. Add photos of Roman Nimes to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock (scroll down and type Nimes into lower search box) USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia Arena https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nîmes UNESCO World Heritage https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/344/

(updater 2021) Pictures photos images of the Roman amphitheatre of Nimes was built around 70 AD. It is an oval amphitheatre measuring 133 m long and 101 m wide. Its two floors are supported by two rows of 60 arches on top of each other with seating inside for about 24,000 spectators on 34 rows of terraces. As with all Roman amphitheatres each division of the arena was accessed by its own flight of stairs which mad access very easy and fast . The open design and pitch of the seating also ensured an uninterrupted view of the arena. Underground floors beneath the Area allowed easy acess for animals and gladiators via stairs and lifts. The audience was protected from animal attack by a high wall that encircled the arena. As the Roman Empire declined in the 6th century AD, Visigoths started conquering Roman territory. When they took Nimes they fortified the Amphitheatre but the turbulent history of the early middle ages saw the collapse of the Visigoths as Muslims invaded present day Spain and south of France. By the Mid 8th century the early Kings of France had recovered the south of France and the Viscounts of Nimes constructed a fortified Palace inside the amphitheatre. A small neighbourhood of Nimes developed in the amphitheatre and the building was occupied until the 18th century when it was restored as an arena. Add photos of Nimes Roman Ampitheatre to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock (scroll down and type Nimes into lower search box) USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arena_of_Nîmes

Pictures photos images of Roman Art relief sculpture freezes from the Temples of Aphrodisias. The images of Roman Sculptures show Goddesses & Roman Emperors. Aphrodisias was a small city in Caria, on the southwest coast of Asia Minor, Turkey, about 230 km (140 miles) south-east of ?zmir and about 100 km (62 mi) inland from the coast. Aphrodisias was built near a marble quarry that was extensively exploited in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, and sculpture in marble from Aphrodisias became famous in the Roman world. Many examples of statuary have been unearthed in Aphrodisias, and some representations of the Aphrodite of Aphrodisias also survive from other parts of the Roman world. The Temple of Aphrodite was a focal point of the town. The Aphrodisian sculptors became renowned and benefited from a plentiful supply of marble close at hand. The school of sculpture was very productive; much of their work can be seen around the site and in the museum. The character of the temple building was altered when it became a Christian basilica. The building is believed to have been dismantled in c. 481-484 by order of Emperor Zeno, because the temple had been the focus of Pagan Hellenic opposition against Zeno in Aphrodisias, in support of Illus, who had promised to restore Hellenic rites, which had been suppressed during the Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire, to the temples that where still standing. RELATED LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphrodisias Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Sculptures from Antalya Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Aphrodisias - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures photos images of Roman relief sculpted sarcophagus of Adana Archaeology Museum, Turkey. Adana Archaeology Museum has a collection of Roman sarcophagi from the area. They are mostly Roman Garland Sarcophagi from the 3rd century AD. The garland style of sarcophagus is typical of the Pamphylia region of southern Anatolia in the Roman Province of Asia. The Pamphylia Type of Sarcophagus has carved garlands of fruit, flowers and leaves that pass right around the tomb in low curving swathes. In addition to the garlands figures of animals heads are carved to create a repeating design that runs around the sarcophagus. Adana Archaeology Museum sarcophagus collection also contains ostothec or osthotek which were used to preserve the ashes and bones of the dead bodies after their cremation and takes the form from a small sarcophagus. This ostothecs of Adana Archaeology Museum look like miniature example of the garland sarcophagi. The lid is carved in the form of a roof with two triangular shaped pediments. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_sculpture Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Download photos of Roman Sarcophagus photos using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html Type - adana -In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of the Roman relief sculpted sarcophagi of Antalya Archaeological Museum, Turkey. Antalya Archaeological Museum has a fine collection of sarcophagi excavated from Perge Archaeological site. One of the most typical Roman sarcophagus designs from the 2nd century AD is the Sarcophagus of Garlands. The sarcophagus was discovered during excavation work at Perge in 1995. This tomb is decorated with garlands composed of leaves, flowers and fruits. This type of sarcophagus is described as a “Pamphylia Type Sarcophagus". It is known that these sarcophagi garlanded tombs originated in Perge and manufactured in the sculpture workshops of Perge. A popular theme of the Perge Roman sarcophagi is Hercules (Herakles). One Hercules Sarcophagus was discovered during excavations conducted at Perge, and has been exhibited since 1962. it is from the group of tombs classified as. "Columned Sarcophagi of Asia Minor”. The lid of the sarcophagus is of the roof-shaped type with a triangular pediment at each end. On each of the pediments are carved Medusa heads that were deployed to protect the grave. The uppermost and corner akroteres are carved in the form of palmets The top of the lid is ornamented with carved flat tilce. The tiles terminate with carved antefixtures carved in the form of lion heads. The Antalya Archaeological Museum Roman relief sarcophagus collection also contains a fine cremation sarcophagus known as an ostothec which was used to preserve the ashes and bones of the dead bodies after their cremation and takes the form of a small sarcophagus. This ostothec is a miniature example of the garland sarcophagi that are exhibited in our hall. The same decoration of shield, theatre mask and Medusa's head, that were believed as to protect the grave from evil, used on garlanded sarcophagi, are employed in the same style. The lid is carved in the form of a roof with two triangular shaped pediments. The Antalya Archaeological Museum Roman relief sarcophagus collection also contains fine examples of Sidamara Type of sarcophagus in which the deceased are sculpted reclining on the lid of the sarcophagus. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antalya_Museum Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of the Roman Sculpture of Antalya Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Antalya - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

(updated 2021) Pictures, images, photos of the Roman Statues of Antalya Archaeological Museum, Turkey. Antalya Archaeological Museum holds an important collection of Roman Statues excavated from Perge Archaeological Site in Anatolian Turkey. The Roman Statues are from the 2nd century AD and their subject matter can be broken down into Roman citizens statues and busts, Roman Emperor statues and Roman Gods and Mythology Statues. The Roman Emperor statues in Antalya Archaeological Museum Roman statue collections are mostly of Emperor Hadrian, Emperor Trajan and Caracalla, By the 2nd century AD The Roman Province of Asia was becoming the most important Roman Province and great cities with magnificent public buildings like Perge were being built. Hadrian was a great builder so it is hardly surprising his statues is the most common Roman Emperors statue in the Antalya Archaeological Museum collection. Emperor Trajan was a great campaigner conquering a lot of territory in his life time making him a popular Emperor of his period. Of the Roman Gods Statues held in the Antalya Archaeological Museum Roman statue collections Aphrodite is the most popular. Aphrodite of Venus to the Romans was the Goddess of love and there are several examples of her statues excavated from Perge. Typical of a Roman statues these Venus statues designs are based on earlier Greek originals and are typical of Venus statues found all over the Roman Empire. Download Pictures & images of the Roman Statues of Antalya Archaeological Museum or buy as photo art prints on line. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antalya_Museum Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Sculptures from Antalya Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Antalya - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures photos Images of the National Archaeological Museum Athens antiquities and artefacts. The Athens museum collections have artefacts from the earliest neolithic periods of Greece. Important collections of the Mycenaeans include the death masks & pots from the Circle A graves of Mycenae. Minoan art is well represented in the museum collections with frescos from Akrotiri. Classic greek sculpture and pottery from all periods of Greek history are also to be found in the museum collections. he National Archaeological Museum in Athens houses some of the most important artefacts from a variety of archaeological locations around Greece from prehistory to late antiquity. It is considered one of the greatest museums in the world and contains the richest collection of artifacts from Greek antiquity worldwide. Mycenean civilization is represented by stone, bronze and ceramic pots, figurines, ivory, glass and faience objects, golden seals and rings from the vaulted tombs in Mycenae and other locations in the Peloponnese (Tiryns and Dendra in Argolis, Pylos in Messinia and Vaphio in Lakonia). Of great interest are the two golden cups from Vafeio showing a scene of the capture of a bull. TO SEARCH THE ANTIQUITIES OF THE NATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM OF ATHENS TYPE SUBJECT, CIVILISATION, BACKGROUND COLUR etc INTO THE SAERCH THIS GALLERY BOX USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Athens Visit our ANCIENT WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-World-Art-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images-of/C00006u26yqSkDOM Add photos of the National Archaeological Museum of Athens ancient antiquities using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock . Type - Athens Museum - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

(updated 2021) Pictures, photos, images of the Roman Mosaics of the Bardo Museum, Tunis, Tunisia. The greatest museum collection of Roman mosaics can be found in the Bardo museum in Tunis and pictures and images can be seen in this photo gallery. Virtually the whole museum is dedicated to an incredible collection of Mosaics from the great Roman cities of the Roman Province of Africa Proconsularis. Africa Proconsularis was one of the most important wheat producing areas of the Roman Empire. Great cities were built from the wealth generated from wheat, olive oil and wine production. The floors of the great public buildings such as the baths and the great villas were decorated with sumptuous mosaics. The North African Roman mosaic makers reached such a high standard in mosaic making that their services were in demand by the wealthy all across the Roman Empire. The incredible preservation of Roman mosaics can be seen in this picture and image gallery. The subject matter of the Roman mosaics at the Bardo museum are typical of mosaics from all parts of the Roman Empire. They range from incredibly intricate geometric patterns to massive tableau depicting scenes from ancient mythology. The scale of the mosaics at the Bardo is impressive, whole walls are covered with massive mosaic panels some of which are 2 storeys high and can be viewed from two levels. The Bardo museum also has rare early Christian Roman mosaics from the churches of the region. Download pictures and images of the Bardo Museum Roman mosaics as stock photos or buy as photo art wall art on line. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bardo_National_Museum_(Tunis) Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Hittite Art from Adana Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type - Bardo - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, etc

Pictures images and photos of Roman Christian Mosaics held at the Bardo Museum Tunis. The Bardo National Museum in Tunis houses an important collection of Roman Byzantine early Christian funerary mosaics. The importance of North Africa as an important centre of early Christianity is often overlooked, mostly due to the conflicts between the Pope in Rome and the Eastern Roman Byzantine Empire. Western history has ignored the Roman Byzantine Empire largely that's to Edward Gibbon whose enlightenment sensibilities were incensed by the immoral lives Roman Byzantine Emperors lived. The early Christian church grew though in the Eastern and northern Mediterranean and many fine examples of early Christian art come from these areas. One of the most important fathers of the Church who helped shape the development of Western Christianity and Western philosophy was St Augustin who came from Hippo Regius Roman North Africa (present day Algeria). North Africa was one of the heartlands of early Christianity up until it was conquered in the 6th century by Islam. The early Roman Byzantine funerary mosaics are rare examples of early Christian devotion and give us an insight into early Christian thinking. The Roman Byzantine mosaics at the Bardo are not as highly crated as the Roman mosaics that preceded them but they are very touching in their simplicity and devotion. When the deceased are depicted they are shown in a simple way wearing simple dress which suggests that these early Christians were not ostentatious people. The dogmatic iconography of the Eastern Orthodox Church is visible in the careful use of symbols in the walk in fonts from Dougga as well as recurring symbols of lit candles that represent eternal life. Birds are common to many of the mosaics possibly inferring that the deceased soul has flown to heaven. There is a simple beauty in these early Christian mosaics that contrasts with the flamboyant Roman mosaics that preceded them and the high art of the Roman Catholic Church that followed. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bardo_National_Museum_(Tunis) Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Hittite Art from Adana Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type - Bardo - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, etc

(updated 2021) Add photos of Roman Sculpture of the Bardo Museum Tunis of Antalya Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Bardo - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc. Pictures, images, photos of the Roman statue artefacts of the Bardo National Museum, Tunis, Tunisia. The collection of Roman statues at the Bardo is small but interesting. The Roman statues prove how uniform the Roman Empire was with statue styles in the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis looking identical to statues of the Northern Empire. Africa Proconsularis was a rich Roman province and could afford fine artefacts. The Bardo National Museum has a “modest Venus” statue of that is the same as Venus statues in the Capitoline & Louvre museums. The Bardo National Museum contains sculpted busts of Roman Emperors. It contains a rare bust of Emperor Vitellius, excavated from Althiburos, who only ruled from circa 20 April to Dec 69AD, and Emperor Gordian first, excavated from Carthage who only ruled for 3 months in 238AD. Browse or download pictures of the Roman statue artefacts of the Bardo National Museum, Tunis, on line as stock photos or buy as photo art prints. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bardo_National_Museum_(Tunis) Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0

Pictures, Images & photos of the Roman and Roman copies of Greek statues exhibited at the British Museum London. Photos against a warm art backgrounds. This picture gallery shows Roman sculptures based on early Hellenistic originals. Lely’s Venus (Aphrodite) Greek goddess of love, 1st 2nd century Roman Copy of a lost Greek original. This style of Aphrodite statue is known as the Crouching or bathing Aphrodite. Her arms stretch across in front of her and her right hand gently touches her right shoulder hiding her breasts. she looks to one side in surprise as if disturbed whilst bathing. Walking around the statue reveals 4 distinct viewpoints that tantalise the viewer and reveal nothing of Aphrodites nakedness. This statue is a 2nd century Roman copy of a lost Greek. Hellanistic original of the mid 3rd century BC Bronze attributed to the Greek sculptor Doldalsas of Bethynia. USEFUL LINKS British Museum https://www.britishmuseum.org Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of British Museum Roman Statues to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - British Museum - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures images photos of the Roman sculptures from the Capitoline Museums, Rome. The Romans were enthusiastic creators of monumental art. The Romans embraced Hellenistic Greek mythology and made the work of the great Greek sculptors like the 4th century BC sculptor Praxiteles. The Romans copied original Greek sculptures and in doing so learnt the skills of their Greek predecessors. This led to great sculptures like the original Roman bronze statue of Emperor Marcus Aurelius on horseback, the original of which can be found in the Capitoline Museum Rome. 175 AD. Marcus Aurelius This is a rare example of a bronze equestrian statue as it became common practice for the Romans in the late empire to melt down bronze statues to mint coins. The Capitoline museum also has gigantic bronze and marble sculptures of Emperor Constantine. This includes a gilded bronze head of Emperor Constantine dating from about 330-337. Pictures and images of Roman and Roman copies of Greek Hellenistic sculptures from the Capitoline Museums, Rome can be bought on line as photo art prints or downloaded as high resolution stock photos. For Editorial use only, for advertising property rights please contact the museum. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitoline_Museums Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Capitoline Museums Roman Statues using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Capitoline Museum - into lower search box. TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well

Pictures & images of Venus Aphrodite Roman Statues - Cordoba Archaeological Museum, Spain

MuseoPics on line photos of painted Roman Aphrodite or Venus Statues exhibited at the Cordoba Archaeological Museum, Spain. Photos against a white background. can be bought on line as photo art prints or downloaded as high resolution stock photos. Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM

Pictures photos images of the Roman mosaics of the Alcázar of Córdoba Spain. The Alcázar de los Reyes Cristianos (Castle of the Christian Monarchs) is a medieval alcázar located in the historic centre of Córdoba (in Andalusia, Spain), next to the Guadalquivir River and near the Grand Mosque. The main hall houses Roman Mosaics. The Alcazars Roman mosaics were discovered at the Plaza de la Corredera in the 1950s and formed part of the Roman Circus and the Roman theatre of Cordoba. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Sardis Roman Mosaic to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type - Cordoba - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures photos & images from Delphi ancient greek antiquities of the Delphi Archaeological museum. The Ancient Greek Bronze of the Charioteer of Delphi, also known as Heniokhos (the rein-holder), is one of the best-known statues surviving from Ancient Greece, and is considered one of the finest examples of ancient bronze statues. The life-size statue of a chariot driver was found in 1896 at the Sanctuary of Apollo in Delphi. The statue was erected at Delphi in 474 BC, to commemorate the victory of a chariot team in the Pythian Games. Stylistically, the Charioteer is classed as "Early Classical" or "Severe" Kleobis (Cleobis) and Biton, also known as the kouros are the names of two human brothers in Greek mythology, are a pair of lifesize Archaic Greek statues that date from about 580 BC. In Greek mythology, Kleobis and Biton were the sons of Cydippe, a priestess of Hera. Cydippe was travelling from Argos to a festival in honor of Argive Hera and the oxen which were to pull her cart did not turn up. Kleobis and Biton pulled the cart the entire way ( 8.3 km/5.1 miles). Cydippe was so impressed with their devotion to her that she prayed to Hera asking her to give her children the best gift a god could give to a mortal. Hera ordained that the brothers would die in their sleep, and after the feast the youths lay down in the temple of Hera, slept and never woke. All of the Hellanistic states showered gifts on Delphi in the hope that this would give them access to the oracle. The processional way up to the Temple of Apollo, where the Oracle sat, was lined with treasuries from the various Greek states. The Sphinx, in the museum, was donated by the island of Naxos and their are friezes from the treasury of Sifnos. Visit our ANCIENT GREEKS PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-Greeks-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites/C00004CnMmq_Xllw ADD TO CART as high resolution stock royalty free images to download on line or buy as photo art prints. If you prefer to buy from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Delpi - In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures & images of the Roman Mosaic antiquities from ancient Thysdrus exhibited at El Djem (Jem) Archaeology Museum, El Djem , Tunisia. The El Djem (Jem) Archaeology Museum has been built on the site of a Roman villa next to the Archaeology site of El Djem (Jem) which was the Roman city of Thysdrus. The El Djem (Jem) Museum has a fine collection of Roman mosaic of the 2nd and 3rd century AD excavated from Thysdrus. The mosaics from the Roman Province of Africa Proconsularis are some of the finest Roman mosaics produced. The wealth of Africa Proconsularis allowed for fine villas decorated with fine mosaic floors to be built. Thysdrus later became part of the Roman Province of Byzacena. In 238 AD Thysdrus was at the centre of a struggle to control the Roman Empire: Gordian I was helped by a riot of Thysdrus citizens and because of them was named emperor. One of the most popular themes of the Roman mosaics at El Djem (Jem) Museum are of the life of Dionysus and his teacher Silenus. Dionysus is the god of wine and as an adult is usually depicted drunk in the mosaics. As a child Dionysus is depicted in the mosaics riding a panther. Silenus is also depicted as drunk often riding a donkey as he cannot walk. Another popular theme of the Roman Mosaics at El Djem (Jem) Museum is the Four Seasons and the Muses. The Four seasons myth revolves around Persephone, daughter of Zeus, who was abducted by Hades and taken to the underworld. Demeter, Persephone’s mother, became so distraught that she withheld her blessings from the world and the leaves fell off the trees and everything shrivelled up and died. Zeus ordered Hades to bring Persephone back but he refused but eventually came to an agreement that Persephone could return home for 6 months of the year. During these visits Demeter was happy and the leaves grew back on the trees and the flowers bloomed. This is The Roman Muses Mosaics at El Djem (Jem) Museum depict the Nine Muses from ancient Greek mythology. The Muses are the inspirational goddesses of literature, science, and the arts. USEFUL LINKS: Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Buy photos of El Djem Roman Mosaics using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html Type - El Djem - In the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, etc.

Pictures & images of Great Palace of Constantinople Mosaics, Istanbul, Turkey. Photos by photographer Paul E Williams. When Constantine I re-founded Byzantium as Constantinople in 330, he planned out a palace for himself. The palace was located between the Hippodrome and Hagia Sophia. The complex of palaces was rebuilt and expanded several times during its history. Much of the complex was destroyed during the Nika riots of 532 and was rebuilt lavishly by the emperor Justinian I. Further extensions and alterations were commissioned by Justinian II and Basil I. However, it had fallen into disrepair by the time of Constantine VII, who ordered its renovation. The Roman Byzantine mosaics used to decorate the pavement of a peristyle court, dating possibly to the reign of Byzantine emperor Justinian I (r. 527-565). The area formed part of the south-western Great Palace, and the excavations discovered a large peristyle courtyard, with a surface of 1872 entirely decorated with mosaics. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Palace_of_Constantinople Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Visit our TURKEY PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/3f-Pictures-of-Turkey-Turkey-Photos-Images-Fotos/C0000U.hJWkZxAbg Add photos of Great Palace Mosaics Istanbul using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at : https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/great-palace-mosaic-istanbul.html

(updated 2021) Pictures photos images of the artefacts and antiquities of the Hierapolis Archaeological Museum, Hierapolis, Turkey. The Hierapolis Archaeological Museum is housed in the old Roman baths of Hierapolis since 1984. The museum holds antiquities excavated from Hierapolis as well as from Laodicea, Colossae, Tripolis, Attuda and other towns of the Lycus (Çürüksu) Valley. Room A contains findings from the excavations at Hierapolis and Laodicea, including sarcophagi, statues, gravestones, pedestals, pillars, and inscriptions. Among these artifacts are statues of Tyche, Dionysos, Pan, Asklepios, Isis, Demeter and Triton, which although executed by the Romans were inspired by the Hellenistic traditions. Particularly interesting are representations of local customs on family tombs. One of the finest sarcophagi in this room is the Columned Sarcophagus Sarcopinagu of Euthios Pyrrnon, Asian Archon (ruler) from Laodicea. Room C contains beautiful sculpted relief panels from the theatre of Hierapolis. these are reliefs devoted to the myth of Apollo and Artemis, the delights of Dionysos and the Roman Emperor Septimus Severus. There are depictions of the abduction of Persephone by Hades and sculpted sphinxes. Sculpted reliefs reminiscent of Attalos and Eumenes are on display. Inscriptions describing the coronation of the goddess Hierapolis and decisions of the assembly concerning the theatre may be seen. Download pictures and images of the artefacts and antiquities of the Hierapolis Archaeological Museum or buy as photo art prints. For editorial use only. For advertising property rights contact the Museum. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierapolis Hierapolis Home Page http://www.pamukkale.gov.tr/en/museums/pamukkale-hierapolis-archeological-museum Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Hierapolis Museum Roman Sculpture using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html - Type - Hierapolis - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures images and photos of Ancient Greek & -Roman Statues exhibited at the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, Turkey. This collection of Greek statue exhibits includes a late Greek Archaic relief sculpture in Proconnesian Marble of a charioteer ( Last quarter 6th Cent. B.C) From Cyzicus, on the southern shore of the sea of Marmara, Turkey. More finds from Anatolia include a Greek marble Statue of Hermaphroditius ( Hermaphrodites) a mythical being that has both male & female characteristics. From Pergamum (Bergama) Turkey. Early Greek sculptures of a Severe Style (480 - 450 B.C, Greek Marble Funerary Stele of an athlete from Nisyros (Incir Ada) one of the Foça Islands .Pictures and images of Roman and Hellenistic Greek Statues from the Istanbul Archaeological Museum can be bought on line as photo art prints or downloaded as high resolution stock photos. USEFUL LINKS Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Istanbul Archaeological Museum Roman Sculpture & statues to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Istanbul - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

(updated 2021) Pictures, images & photos of the Sarcophagus of Alexander the Great from the Royal Necropolis of Sidon now in the Istanbul Archaeological museum. On March 2 1887 workers quarrying north east of Sidon in Lebanon discovered a tomb shaft fifty feet deep. Luckily for history they were so frightened they rushed to bring the Reverend William King Eddy, an American missionary born in Sidon, to the site. Eddy realised immediately that the workers had uncovered an archaeological site and suspected that it was the lost ancient Royal Necropolis of Sidon. He was lowered down the shaft and by the light of flickering candles was confronted with the Sarcophagus of the Lycian, the dazzling Sarcophagus of Alexander and the Sarcophagus of the weeping women. News travelled of the great find to Istanbul and Osman Hamdi Bey who had been appointed the curator of the new Istanbul Archaeological museum left immediately for the Lebanon and took over the excavation and removal of the sarcophagi returning with them to Istanbul. The finds at Sidon put the museum on the world map and the facade of the new museum was inspired by the Alexander Sarcophagus and Sarcophagus of the Mourning Women which the museum houses today. It is incredible how perfectly preserved the Sarcophagi are. The Sarcophagus of the Lycian is a pristine grey marble from Paros with hunting scenes and 2 sphinxes adorning its gothic stele pitched roof. The Alexander Sarcophagus is a monumental work of art befitting one of the great leaders of antiquity. 11 feet long (4 Mts) it weighs fifty tons and is made of Pentelic marble. The freezes on each side show Alexander in the midst of battles and in hunting scenes, These relief sculptures were originally painted in bright colours and some of the paint is still visible today. Finally but not least the Royal Necropolis held the "Sarcophagus of the Satrap". USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycian_sarcophagus_of_Sidon Visit our CLASSICAL WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Classical-Era-Historic-Sites-Archaeological-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000g4bSGiDL9rw Add photos of Sidon Sarcophagus from Istanbul Archaeological Museum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/lycian-antiquities.html - Type - Sidon - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc.

Pictures photos images of relief sculpted Roman sarcophagi from the Konya Archaeological Museum, Turkey. One of the three main centres of Roman sarcophagus production in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD was in the Roman Province of Asia, present day Anatolia in Turkey. The Konya Archaeological Museum has some fine examples of Anatolian relief sculpted sarcophagi. Two of the sarcophagi are Roman Garland sarcophagi. This type of sarcophagus has garlands running across its sides and ends. Simple versions have theatre masks between the garlands of Medusa head sculptures but one of the Roman sarcophagi at Konya has figures between the swathes of garlands. The garland sarcophagus is a typical style made in the Roman Pamphylia region in the south of Anatolia, between Lycia and Cilicia. Konya Archaeological Museum has two wonderful Sidamara Sarcophagi one of which still has the sculpture of the deceased reclining on the lid of the sarcophagus. Both sarcophagi are also "Columned Sarcophagi of Asia Minor” style with upright columns separating the figures one sarcophagus and running behind the figures of Hercules on the other. The Sidamara stye of Roman Sarcophagus are named after a sarcophagus excavated from Sidamara in Capadoccia and in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum. USEFUL LINKS Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Konya Museum Roman Sarcophagus to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Konya - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

(updated 2021) Pictures images & photos of Roman mosaics from the Near East exhibited at the Louvre Museum Paris. This picture gallery of Roman mosaics from the Near East contains floor mosaics from Roman villas as well as floors from early Christian basilicas. The centre of early Christianity was in the Roman Levant and this Louvre mosaic collection shows some well preserved early Christian mosaics. The mosaic floor of the Church of St. Christopher, Qabar Hiram, Lebanon, AD 575, depicts Mediterranean fishes as well as goats and chickens in a typical Roman geometric design. A more complex swirling pattern of vines is overlaid with more exotic animals such as lions and tigers. The early Christians of the Levant seemed much more preoccupied with imagery that depicted the miracles of the natural world than narratives from the bible and the life of Christ that absorbed the Christians of the Middle ages. The Louvre Roman mosaics also show the outside and interiors of early Roman churches built in the Romanesque Basilica style. The mosaics from the Roman villas of the Levant followed the same themes as those found all over the Roman Empire. The collection exhibits Roman mosaic of an Amazon on horseback fighting, From Daphne, a suburb of Antioch, Antakya, Turkey, 4th century AD. Marble blocks and glass paste cubes. The mosaic depicts the legendary woman warriors known as the Amazons, who fought with one breast showing, fighting a soldier with armour. Pictures and images of Roman mosaics from the Near East from the Louvre can be bought on line as high resolution royalty free stock photos to download on line or buy as photo art prints. Non editorial right must be obtained from the Louvre Paris USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_mosaic Roman mosaic photo collection https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery/Roman-Mosaics-Roman-Mosaic-Pictures-Photos-and-Images-Fotos/G00008dLtP71H_yc/C0000q_tZnliJD08 Add photos of Louvre Museum Roman Mosaic antiquities to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock (scroll down and type louvre mosaics into lower search box)

Pictures photos images of the The Voyage of Venus, a Roman mosaic from Volubilis , Museum of Moroccan Arts and Antiquities, Dar el Makhzen , Tangier, Morocco. The museum is housed in the Dar-el-Makhzen (or Sultanate Palace) in Tangier. The Voyage of Aphrodite, or Venus, is a Roman mosaic from Volubilis archaeological site in Morocco. The well preserved Roman mosaic depicts Venus in a richly decorated ship being rowed by naked oars women . Visit our ROMAN WORLD PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Pictures and images of Roman Mosaic exhibits from the Museum of Moroccan Arts and Antiquities can be bought on line as photo art prints or downloaded as high resolution stock photos.

Pictures images photos of Roman Mosaics exhibited at the National Roman Museum, Rome. The pictures of these exhibits show Roman mosaics from Rome in the fine collection of the National Roman Museum . The mosaic was an important floor covering and interior decoration in Roman villas. The quality of Roman mosaics vary dramatically depending upon the wealth of the villa owner. Poor Romans would cobble their floors with rounded pebbles. The finest Roman mosaics use very small tesserae made of different coloured pieces of stone or glass. The fine detail of a mosaic depends upon the size of the tesserae. The smaller the tesserae the finer the detail. Romans loved geometric patterns which could be made up of larder pre cut tesserae. Optical illusions such as the Gordian Knot of 3d cubes made up geometric borders that would often surround a central mosaic of animals, gods or a scenes from mythology. The finest Roman mosaics at the Naples Archaeological Museum show intricate marine scenes with fishes, as well as mythical winged gods riding on mythical animals. The range of creativity in Roman mosaics is breathtaking and the skill of the best Roman craftsmen must have been highly prized. Pictures and images of Roman Mosaic exhibits from the National Roman Museum, Rome can be bought on line. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Roman_Museum Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Mosaics of the National Roman Museum Rome using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/national-roman-museum-rome-mosaic.html (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Photos, pictures and images of the 3rd cent. AD Roman mosaic from Lod in Israel. It is often forgotten that the Roman Empire ruled all the lands that ran around the Mediterranean sea and that todays political borders did not exist 2000 years ago. Consequently it is not as strange as it may at first sound to find Roman villas in present day Israel. One such villa was discovered in 1996 when construction workers widening Ha-Halutz Street found pieces of mosaic. What emerged after painstaking excavations was the largest, 180 sq. meters(1900 sq. ft), and best preserved Roman mosaic from the Levant or eastern Mediterranean coast. The Lod mosaic dates from the 3rd cent. AD and depicts a myriad of animals, birds and fish against a background of white mosaic tessellation's. Overall the mosaic is designed using geometric panels bordered by geometric mosaic patterns. At the centre of the mosaic is an octagonal panel with African animals depicted in it. Smaller square and triangular panels radiate out from this central panel each containing depictions of more animals. At one end of the mosaic an oblong panel takes up the full width images of fish and a small masted sailing boat. At the other end of the mosaic are panels with hunting scenes. The animals depicted are very very interesting as many would have been unknown to people living in the region. The central scene contains rhinoceros and giraffe, both of which are early depictions of such animals. The fish would have been more familiar to the people living on the shore of the Mediterranean. Archaeologists, Elie Haddad and Miriam Avissar, have suggested that the absence of human figures may indicate that the mosaic was commissioned by a Jew who observed the Biblical prohibition of graven images. The use of a white background and the depiction of African animals is similar to the mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily but the complexity of the craftsmanship is not so accomplished in the Lod mosaics. The lod mosaic is one of the great Roman mosaics left in existence. Its level of preservation is remarkable and its lively depiction of animals and fish is captivating. Having travelled the world to many exhibition centres the Lod mosaic is now on permanent exhibition at the Shelby White and Leon Levy Lod Mosaic Archaeological Centre, Israel. Photos can be downloaded and licensed or bought as photo art prints . Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Lod Museum Roman Mosaic to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type - Lod - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

pictures images & photos from the Archeological Museum of Seville (Museo Arqueológico de Sevilla) exhibits. The Archeological Museum of Seville is in the Pabellón del Renacimiento built in Plaza Espana as a neo-Renaissance style pavilion for the Latin American Expo.Since 1942, the Archaeological Museum of Seville has housed one of the best archaeological collections in Spain. This collection of photos of the exhibits of the Archeological Museum of Seville contains photos of Roman statues and Mosaics and will explore Moorish Spain of the Middle Ages. Download photos of the exhibits of the Archeological Museum of Seville or buy as photo art prints online.

Pictures & stock photos of the Roman Mosaics of Merida Museum Spain. Emerita Augusta, present day Merida, was on the far west of the Roman Empire in present day Spain. The ruins of Emerita Augusta are the most extensive in Spain and spread through the modern city with aqueducts and a Roman bridge. Emerita Augusta was founded by Augustus for the veteran soldiers of the Legio X Gemina legion. Merida archaeological museum houses the archaeological finds from Emerita Augusta, which include some fine Roman mosaics. Originally the Merida Archaeological Museum the Merida National Museum of Roman Art was inaugurated on September 19, 1986 in a purpose built Museum next to the Merida Archaeological site. the Merida National Museum of Roman Art not only houses the Archaeological finds from Roman Merida it was also a the first Spanish research centre of Roman culture and holds lectures, conferences and courses on the ancient Romans. The museum exhibits include Roman statues, mosaics and architectural features such sat Roman columns and Capitals and the museum artefacts inform us about the process of Romanisation of Hispania. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Lod Museum Roman Mosaic to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type - Merida - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures images photos of the Vatican Museums Roman art sculptures and statue artefacts and antiquities. The Vatican museums were founded in the 16th century by Pope Julius II who purchased the sculpture of Laocoön in 1506 when it was excavated from a vineyard near the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. This purchase started a craze in the Papacy, as well as the emerging Renaissance aristocracy, that led to the important collections that make up the Vatican Museums. The museum of Pio-Clementino is made up of the collection of two Popes, Clement XIV and Pius VI, whose collections of Roman statues were added to by Pius VI. So importance was Papal interest in ancient Roman antiquities that it could be argued that the Renaissance Popes saved not only saved what was left from ancient Rome but also lit the fire of the interest in the ancient world that fuelled the Renaissance. Statues from the excavations of the ‘House of Statues’ near Tivoli unearthed states such as the Belvedere torso which influenced Michelangelo. The Sala de Muse also houses important Roman statues such as the Belvedere Apollo and statues of the nine muses. The Vatican museums also houses important Roman statues such as the gilded bronze statue of Hercules. Other galleries house hundreds of Roman busts and statues of Emperors and Roman gods. The Roman statues of the Vatican museums are a testament to the interest that the Roman catholic church played in the rediscovery of ancient Rome as well as its protection and conservation. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_Museums Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Sculpture of The Vatican Museums using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Vatican - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures photos & images of Roman and sculpture & Statues from the Louvre Museum Paris. This picture gallery of Roman and Greek Hellenistic sculptures shows one of the best classical sculpture collections. Its most famous Hellenistic statue is the iconic Venus de Milo. Images of this collection also show several of the different versions of Aphrodite or Venus statues that are Roman copies of earlier Hellenistic Greek originals. Many of the Roman statues come from the famous Borghese collection and others were collected by the French Royal family. The Roman and Greek Hellenistic sculptures show the incredibly high level of skill and realism that ancient classical Hellenistic sculptors achieved. The Romans copied the Greek style and passed it on to us today via the great artists who rediscovered Roman statues during the Renaissance. USEFUL LINKS Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Louvre Museum Roman Sculpture & statues to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Louvre - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures images and photos of Ancient Greek and Roman statues of Aphrodite or Venus to the Romans held at the Louvre Museum Paris. Aphrodite[a] is an ancient Greek goddess associated with love, beauty, pleasure, passion and procreation. She was syncretized with the Roman goddess Venus. Aphrodite's major symbols include myrtles, roses, doves, sparrows, and swans. The ancient Romans identified Aphrodite with their goddess Venus,[79] who was originally a goddess of agricultural fertility, vegetation, and springtime.[79] According to the Roman historian Livy, Aphrodite and Venus were officially identified in the third century BC. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphrodite Aphrodite or Venus Statue photo collections : https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery/Pictures-of-Roman-Goddess-Venus-or-Aphrodite/G0000y9qdGh9SQWc/C0000q_tZnliJD08 Add photos of Louvre Museum Venus or Aphrodite statues to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html (scroll down and type louvre venus into lower search box)

Pictures photos and images of Roman statues of Gods and mythical characters held the Louvre Museum Paris. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_sculpture Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Louvre Museum Roman Gods and Mythology statues to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Louvre - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Photos pictures & images of the Venus de Milo ( Aphrodite of Milos ) A 203 cm (6 ft 8 in) marble statue from the Greek Island of Milos sculpted in 130 and 100 BC thought to be the work of Alexandros of Antioch;. Louvre Museum, Paris. The Aphrodite of Milos was discovered on 8 April 1820 by a peasant named Yorgos Kentrotas, inside a buried niche within the ancient city ruins of Milos, the current village of Tripiti, on the island of Milos in the Aegean, which was then a part of the Ottoman Empire. The statue was purchase by the French ambassador to Turkey and it was shipped to France. Legend has it that the statues arms were broken off during transport but this story however proved to be a fabrication – Voutier's drawings of the statue when it was first discovered show that its arms were already missing. In 1815, France had returned the Medici Venus, to the Italians after it had been looted from Italy by Napoleon Bonaparte. The Medici Venus, regarded as one of the finest Classical sculptures in existence, caused the French to promote the Venus de Milo as a greater treasure than that which they recently had lost. The de Milo statue was praised dutifully by many artists and critics as the epitome of graceful female beauty. However, Pierre-Auguste Renoir was among its detractors, labeling it a "big gendarme". . Add photos of Louvre Museum Venus de Milo Statue to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock (scroll down and type venus de milo into lower search box) USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_de_Milo Visit our ANCIENT GREEKS PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Ancient-Greeks-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites/C00004CnMmq_Xllw

Pictures & images of the Albani Collection of Roman Statues, Louvre Museum, Paris. Born in Urbino, Italy, on 15 October 1692 Alessandro Albani became one of the great collectors of Classical art of his era. Born into the great Albani family Alessandro was one of a long line of famous Albani's. His father, Orazio, was the brother of Pope Clement XI Albani and Alessandro himself became a cardinal. The classical and Hellenistic world was the craze of 17th century and every great Villa had treasures from antiquity. So in 1745 when Alessandro commissioned the Villa Albani to be built in Rome he needed classical statues for its gardens. Albani compiled an important collection of Roman antiquities some of which are part of the great classical sculpture collection of the Louvre Museum. The Albani collection was bought by Louis XVIII and today can be seen in the Louvre Paris. Download pictures & images of the Albani Collection of Roman Statues , Louvre Museum, or buy as photo art prints. Non editorial right must be obtained from the Louvre Paris

Pictures images and photos of Antinous Statues and busts held at the Louvre Museum Paris. Antinous was a young Greek of extraordinary beauty from Bithynia, who became the beloved companion or lover of the Roman emperor Hadrian but later died in Nile under mysterious circumstances. Stricken by the death of Antinous, Hadrian, who happened to be an admirer and a passionate supporter of classical Greek Antiquity, as well as a benefactor of the Oracle of Delphi, ordered that statues of the beautiful young man, whom he had loved so passionately, be erected in all sanctuaries and cities of his vast empire. Furthermore, he ordered the institution and establishment of Games in honor of Antinous, who since then was honored and worshiped as a god. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonius Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Louvre Museum to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/greco-roman-sculptures.html . Type - Antinous - into LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box - Refine search by adding a subject, place, background colour, museum etc.

Pictures images and photos of the Roman statues of Barbarians held at the Louvre Museum Paris. Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM

Pictures of the artefacts & antiquities of the Borghese Collection in the Louvre Paris. The Borghese family was an extremely influential Italian family producing Cardinal snd Popes. Scipione Borghese 1577 – 1633 was the nephew of Pope Paul V and became a Cardinal and an avid collector of antiquities. When he built the Villa Borghese in Rome its garden was decorated with classical sculptures and its interior with great artworks. The Villa Borghese still houses a major part of the Borghese collection but in 1807, due to financial difficulties and pressure from his new brother-in-law Napoleon Bonaparte, Camillo Filippo Ludovico Borghese sold 344 antiquities. 154 statues and 160 busts and 170 bas-reliefs from the collection to the French state at below their market price which now part of the Louvre Museum Classical statue collection. Buy as high resolution royalty free stock photos to download on line or buy as photo art prints. Non editorial right must be obtained from the Louvre Paris

Pictures & Images of the Cardinal de Richelieu collection of Roman statues, Louvre Museum, Paris. The Cardinal de Richelieu, Louis XIII's chief minister, and a famous patron of the arts. Richelieu oversaw the construction of his own palace in Paris, the Palais-Cardinal. To the château, he added one of the largest art collections in Europe and the largest collection of ancient Roman sculpture in France. Some of this now makes up the Louvre Classical Sculpture collection. Download pictures & Images of the Cardinal de Richelieu collection of Roman statues or buy as photo art prints Non editorial right must be obtained from the Louvre Paris

Pictures images photos of Roman mosaics exhibited at the Naples National Archaeological Museum, (Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli,) Italy. The pictures of these exhibits show Roman mosaics from Pompeii and Herculaneum. The mosaic was an important floor covering and interior decoration in Roman villas. The quality of Roman mosaics vary dramatically depending upon the wealth of the villa owner. Poor Romans would cobble their floors with rounded pebbles. The finest Roman mosaics use very small tesserae made of different coloured Pieces of stone or glass. The fine detail of a mosaic depends upon the size of the tesserae. The smaller the tesserae the finer the detail. Romans loved geometric patterns which could be made up of larder pre cut tesserae. Optical illusions such as the Gordian Knot or 3d cubes made up geometric borders that would often surround a central mosaic of animals, gods or a scenes from mythology. The finest Roman mosaics at the Naples Archaeological Museum show intricate marine scenes with fishes, as well as mythical winged gods riding on mythical animals. The range of creativity in Roman mosaics is breathtaking and the skill of the best Roman craftsmen must have been highly prized. Pictures and images of Roman mosaic exhibits from the Naples Archaeological Museum can be bought on line as photo art prints or downloaded as high resolution stock photos. For Editorial use only, for advertising property rights please contact the museum. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Naples Museum Home Page http://www.museoarcheologiconapoli.it/en/history-of-the-museum/ Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery/Roman-Mosaics-Roman-Mosaic-Pictures-Photos-and-Images-Fotos/G00008dLtP71H_yc/C0000q_tZnliJD08 Add photos of Roman Mosaics using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Mosaic Naples - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Pictures images photos of Roman painted fresco wall art from Naples Archeological Museum. Roman Villas by the second century AD were richly decorated inside with mosaic floors and painted fresco walls. Trompe-l’œil panels and pillars were painted on the walls which were made of paint effect marble. In the panels were painted scenes from mythology, portraits of the villa owners or depictions of Roman Gods. Roman frescoes are relatively rare as the wall of villas collapsed when abandoned destroying the wall paintings. Frescoes are also very susceptible to damp and so once a building roof falls in they deteriorate rapidly. Thanks to the high preservation of the painted frescoes from Pompeii we are able to see the incredible level of skill Roman painters attained. Remarkable portraits and scenes have survived that show great sensitivity by the Roman artists who paint in a realistic style that re-emerged in the Renaissance. Roman Frescoes have a high level of modelling with shadows and an understanding of light that disappeared for 1000 years once the western Roman Empire collapsed. he Romans inherited their artistic skills from the Greeks and the Hellenistic rules of composition can be seen in Roman fresco wall paintings. Download pictures of Roman painted fresco wall art as stock photos or buy as photo wall art prints on line. For Editorial use only, for advertising property rights please contact the museum. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Naples Museum Home Page http://www.museoarcheologiconapoli.it/en/history-of-the-museum/ Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Frescoes from Pompeii using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Fresco Naples - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Pictures images photos of Roman & Greek Hellenistic statues exhibited at the Naples National Archaeological Museum, Italy. Photos against a warm art background. This picture gallery shows one of the most important collection of Roman & Greek Hellenistic statues in the world. At its centre is the massive sculpture known as the Farnese Bull. It is the largest single sculpture ever recovered from antiquity to date. Sculpted for the Baths of Emperor Caracalla in Rome, this 2nd century AD this Roman marble sculpture was excavated in 1546 during excavations at gymnasium of the Roman Baths of Caracalla. The excavation was commissioned by Pope Paul III in the hope of finding ancient sculptures to adorn the Palazzo Farnese, the Farnese family's palatial residence in Rome. Other works were bought in the antiques market by the Farnese family resulting in one of the most influential collections of Greco-Roman art. Naples National Archaeological Museum exhibits the largest part of the Farnese collection as well as other important sculptures found in Pompeii and Herculaneum.Pictures and images of Roman & Greek Hellenistic statues exhibits from the Naples Archaeological Museum can be bought on line as photo art prints or downloaded as high resolution stock photos. For Editorial use only, for advertising property rights please contact the museum. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Naples Museum Home Page http://www.museoarcheologiconapoli.it/en/history-of-the-museum/ Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Roman Sculpture Statues using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Sculpture Naples - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Pictures images photos of Roman and Hellenistic Greek Statues exhibited at the National Roman Museum Rome. The pictures of these Roman antiquities show Roman statues and rare Hellenistic Greek bronze statues. The National Roman Museum collection includes a rare intact Roman sculpture of a Discus Thrower, Paros marble made in the mid 2nd cent AD excavated from the Villa Palombara, Esquilino, Rome. The Discus Thrower statue is almost the only fully preserved example of its type, the statue is a faithful copy of one of the most admired works of antiquity; the bronze discobolus by Greek sculptor Myron circa 450 BC. The statue depicts the moment preceding the release of the discus, the athlete appears to move in the surrounding space with a complex action, exemplifying the Hellenistic experimentation of the plastic representation of the human body..The National Roman Museum also includes Rare original Greek bronze statue of an Athlete after a boxing match, a 1st cent BC. The athlete, seated on a boulder, is resting after a boxing match. The boulder is a modern addition that replicates the ancient original. The face, ears, and nose are severely wounded by blows received during the match.. The boxer is only wearing a sort of loin cloth (kynodesme) around his waist. Elaborate leather gloves (himantes oxeis) protect the hands and the forearms. They consist of thick leather straps that bind the four fingers, leaving the thumb free. A series of marks on the straps above the left ring fingers seem to be a signature of the Athenian sculptor Appolonios, son of Nestor who was active during the 1st century B.C. The Greek letter ‘a’ is impressed on the middle toe of the left foot and is probably a mark identifying the workshop that produced the statue. The statue of the boxer is of the highest quality with a highly detailed rendition of the athletic anatomy and facial feature. The artist was clearly inspired by the style of Greek sculptor Lysippus and scholars generally consider it an original Greek bronze of the 1st Century B.C. Pictures and images of Roman and Hellenistic Greek Statues exhibits from the National Roman Museum, Rome can be bought on line. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Roman_Museum Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Statues from the National Roman Museum Rome using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-museum-rome-sculpture.html

Pictures images photos of the Roman sculptures and art exhibits of the Naples National Archaeological Museum depicting Roman Emperors. Download Royalty Free stock photos of Roman Emperors or buy as photo wall art on line. For Editorial use only, for advertising property rights please contact the museum. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Naples Museum Home Page http://www.museoarcheologiconapoli.it/en/history-of-the-museum/ Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Emperor Statues using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Sculpture Naples - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Pictures images photos of the Ancient Greek and Roman sculptures depicting Roman Gods and characters from Roman mythology antiquities at the Naples National Archaeological Museum (Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Napoli). Download Royalty Free stock photos of Roman Gods and mythological characters or buy as photo wall art on line. For editorial Use Only for advertising please apply to The Naples National Archaeological Museum for permission. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Naples Museum Home Page http://www.museoarcheologiconapoli.it/en/history-of-the-museum/ Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Gods and Mythology Statues using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Sculpture Naples - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Pictures Images photos of the Farnese collection Roman Statues of Naples archaeological Museum, Italy. Naples National Archaeological Museum is one of the greatest museums in the world. It houses the great collections of artefacts excavated from Pompeii and Herculaneum as well as the incredible Farnese Collection is one of the best collections of artefacts from Greco-Roman Antiquity.The Farnese collection of Roman antiquities were collected by Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, who became Pope Paul III from 1543 - 1549. The Renaissance revived an interest in Classical Antiquity which led to excavation of the Forum in Rome that had not been built over since the decline of the Western Roman Empire. Incredible sculptures were saved such as the Farnese Bull. Excavated from the Baths of Caracalla the Farnese Bull is the largest single sculpture from Antiquity. Originally housed in the gardens of the Villa Farnese in Rome, Michelangelo planned to use it as the centre piece of a fountain in the gardens. The Farnese Hercules is a Roman copy of an original Greek sculpture credited to Lysippos. This colossal statue depicts an exhausted Hercules leaning on his club with the skin of a Lion drape d over it. Hercules hand is behind his back and in it is an apple referring to the Apple of Hesperides. Elizabeth Farnese became the wife of Phillip V of Spain's and their son Charles of Bourbon became King of Naples and The Two Scillies in 1734 also inheriting the declining tile of Duke of Parma. His son Ferdinand iV of Naples brought the Farnese Collection to Naples in 1787. Download pictures & images of the Farnese Exhibits of the Naples National Archaeological Museum or buy as photo wall art on line. For editorial use only. To use in product advertising please apply to The Naples National Archaeological Museum for permission. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Naples Museum Home Page http://www.museoarcheologiconapoli.it/en/history-of-the-museum/ Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Add photos of Roman Farnese Statues using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Sculpture Naples - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Pictures images photos of the Roman artefacts excavated from the Villa of Papyri in Herculaneum, so called because it contained 18,000 carbonised papyrus scrolls. The Villa of the Papyri was 250 meters wide stretching along the Gulf of Naples. Its extensive grounds were set away from other dwellings in Herculaneum and ran down to a private harbour. The Naples National Archaeological Museum houses artefacts excavated from the Villa of Papyri including rare Roman bronze statues. Several stylised bronzes of dancing women were excavated which would have originally stood on the parapet of the peristyle of the Villa of Papyri. Statues of Greek Philosophers and characters from mythology were also excavated. Download Royalty Free stock photos of the artefacts from the Villa of Papyri. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Naples Museum Home Page http://www.museoarcheologiconapoli.it/en/history-of-the-museum/ Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0 Add photos of Roman Sculpture Statues from Villa of Papyri in Herculaneum using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock - Scroll down and type - Roman Sculpture Naples - into LOWER search box. (TIP - Refine search by adding a background colour as well).

Pictures photos & images of the famous Palestrina Mosaic or Nile mosaic of Palestrina Nilotic landscape exhibited at the Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Palestrina Prenestino (Palestrina Archaeological Museum), Palestrina, Italy. The highlight of the Palestrina Archaeological Museum, located in the Renaissance Palazzo Barberini, is the Palestrina Nile mosaic. The mosaic is one of the largest and most important surviving Hellenistic mosaics depicting a birds eye view of the entire course of the Nile from Ethiopia to the delta. It measures 5.85 m wide by 4.31 m high ( 19 ft wide x 14 ft high). The mosaic is usually dated between the 2nd an 3rd century BC. The later date is unlikely for stylistic reasons and it is more likely that the mosaic dates from the building of the great hall in the forum of ancient Praeneste. This would date the Nile mosaic around the end of the second century to 82 BC when Sulla captured the city during his second civil war, establishing a military base there. The hall in which the Nile mosaic was the floor was soberly decorated with a podium bearing a doric frieze with an apse or grotto carved into the hillside at its northern end. In this apse the Nile mosaic served as the pavement. It is uncertain what the apse was used for but it is believed that it may have been a cult shrine for Egyptian goddess Isis. This theory is also supported by commercial contracts between ancient Praeneste and Egypt during the 2nd century BC. The sanctuary of the hill of Praeneste was also dedicated to Fortuna Primigenia, who was also identified with Isis. The Nile mosaic of Palestrina can be attributed to Alexandrian artists who were certainly present in Italy during the 2nd century BC. The mosaic depicts the Nile in flood and artificially compresses the length of the river into a series of zig zags. The top part of the mosaic represents Ethiopia and Nubia at the source of the Nile. The river flows down steep slopes between black hunters and African animals. The Nile flows to the bottom right hand corner of the mosaic where the harbour of Alexandria is depicted and right in the bottom right corner is the Island of the Pharos opposite which is a banqueting scene, possibly at Canopus. In the centre of the mosaic is a large Egyptian temple possibly the great sanctuary of Memphis or Karnak. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Palastrina Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type - Palestrina - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

(updated 2021) Add photos of Roman Emperors Statues from the National Roman Museum Rome using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-museum-rome-sculpture.html Pictures images photos of Roman and Hellenistic Greek Statues of Roman Emperors from Roman mythology at the National Roman Museum Rome. The pictures of these Roman antiquities show Roman statues and rare Hellenistic Greek bronze statues. USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Roman_Museum Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0

Pictures images photos of Roman fresco painted wall interior exhibits of the National Roman Museum Rome. The interiors of Roman villas were highly decorated with mosaic floors and fresco painted wall art. The styles of the decoration changed with successive generations of Romans from full trompe-l’œil panels depicting gardens disappearing into the distance or painted pillars and marble panels to more restrained sombre colours such as dark burgundies and even black that were divided into panel with simple painted garlands of flowers or freezes of figures around a central panel with a scene from mythology or even erotic depictions. The end result was always sumptuous creating rooms with a great sense of style. The best descriptive fresco panels were well accomplished works of art with modelling and shadow detail creating a realistic image. Scenes from mythology were popular with the Romans who pantheon of Gods was huge. Erotic fresco panels from mythology have been constantly mis interpreted by modern eyes as offensive. To Roman eyes most of these scenes depicted moral tales from mythology that would have been viewed by the Romans in a moralistic sense. The erotic panels from the brothels of Pompeii probably were not intended to be moralistic though. The National Roman Museum Rome has an incredible collection of fresco interiors excavated in Rome. Trees and shrubs had symbolic importance to the Romans as can be see by the plants used in the trompe-l’œil frescoes from the Villa Livia, Rome, which contains plants linked to the deities particularly venerated by Augustus and Livia. A beautiful marine fresco with marine life from the second quarter of the first century AD, depicts boats decorated as boats which went along the Tiber on festival days; their shape appears to be the caudicariae boats, used to transport merchandise. Fresco panels from the Large Columbarium, wall lined by niche tombs, excavated from the Villa Doria Panphilj, Rome has beautiful frescoes of animals and people.Browse of Add photos of Roman Fresco from the National Roman Museum Rome using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/national-roman-museum-rome-fresco.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Roman_Museum Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0

Pictures images photos of Roman and Hellenistic Greek Statues of Roman Gods and characters from Roman mythology at the National Roman Museum Rome. The pictures of these Roman antiquities show Roman statues and rare Hellenistic Greek bronze statues. Add photos of Roman Gods Statues from the National Roman Museum Rome using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-museum-rome-sculpture.html USEFUL LINKS: Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Roman_Museum Visit our ROMAN ART & HISTORIC SITES PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/The-Romans-Art-Artefacts-Antiquities-Historic-Sites-Pictures-Images/C0000r2uLJJo9_s0

Sardis was an important city state from ancient times situated in present day western Turkey. Sardis became the capital of Lydia and grew rich when it discovered the secret of separating gold from silver. The name of its king Croesus is still used today to describe someone who is extremely wealthy. It is believed that in about the 3rd century BC King Antiochus III encouraged Jews to come and live in Sardis. They built a Synagogue which appears to have been actively used through the Roman period showing that jewish communities were active in Asia Minor during the Roman Christian period. The Synagogue of Sardis was excavated byHarvard and Cornell University in 1958 revealing a mosaic floor. Jews and Muslims both adhere to the biblical rule that false idols should not be worshipped. This means that neither religion allows depictions of God or any of its prophets. The mosaic floor then is a series of panels full of different geometric mosaic designs. The Romans loved geometric mosaics designs and were incredibly creative at combining intricate patterns together o make very complex mosaic floors. Pictures & stock photos of Sardis Synagogue Roman mosaic floor. The mosaic floors of the Sardis synagogue demonstrate how constant the architectural decorative styles were across the Roman Empire. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Sardis Roman Mosaic to cart as royalty free download or prints or download from our Alamy Stock Library page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type - Sardis - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box. Refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etc

Pictures & images of Roman antiquities , mosaics & statues exhibited at the Seville Archaeological Museum, Spain. . The museum exhibits include the Roman Sculpture Venus of Italica or Diosa Venus, found in 1940 near the theatre. 117 AD. A famous Roman statue, the "Venus of Itálica", dates from the time of Hadrian (117-138 A.D.). Unlike the other Venus statues of the Era the Venus of Itálica does not try to hide her nudity but rather displays it. The state has rounded proportions with clearly defined anatomical features thanks to the exquisitely skilled carving, and the excellent quality of the marble. She is shown accompanied by a dolphin, and has a colocasia leaf in her left hand. Archaeological Museum, Seville, Spain Visit our ROMAN SCULPTURE PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download or buy as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Statues-Sculptures-Museum-Artefacts-Antiquities-Pictures-Images/C0000chqRcEqzsMM Download Pictures & images of Roman antiquities , mosaics & statues exhibited at the Seville Archaeological Museum

Pictures photos and images of the Roman mosaic of Volubilis, Morocco. Volubilis is a partly excavated Roman city in Morocco commonly considered as the ancient capital of the kingdom of Mauretania.Built in a fertile agricultural area, it developed from the 3rd century BC onward as a Berber, then proto-Carthaginian, settlement before being the capital of the kingdom of Mauretania. It grew rapidly under Roman rule from the 1st century AD onward and expanded to cover about 42 hectares (100 acres) with a 2.6 km (1.6 mi) circuit of walls. The city gained a number of major public buildings in the 2nd century, including a basilica, temple and triumphal arch. Its prosperity, which was derived principally from olive growing, prompted the construction of many fine town-houses with large mosaic floors. The excavated villas of Volubilis have many mosaics, some with an African flovour depicting elephants. There is a comical mosaic depicting God Dionysus or Bacchus riding a mule whilst facing the wrong way. This was a warning of the excesses of drink. The Roman mosaics also include depictions of dolphins that were symbo;s of good luck. Visit our ROMAN MOSAIC PHOTO COLLECTIONS for more photos to download as wall art prints https://funkystock.photoshelter.com/gallery-collection/Roman-Mosaics-Art-Pictures-Images/C0000LcfNel7FpLI Add photos of Roman Mosaic using ADD TO CART button as royalty free download or prints or, if you prefer, download from our ALAMY STOCK LIBRARY page at https://www.alamy.com/portfolio/paul-williams-funkystock/roman-mosaic.html - Type- Volubilis - into the LOWER SEARCH WITHIN GALLERY box to refine search by adding background colour, place, museum etcphotos or as photo wall art prints on line