Ancient Egyptian antiquities, art, statues, mummy cases, sarcophagus, stele and sculpture, wood artefacts and book of the dead photos pictures and images . Ancient Egyptian was a civilization in the lower Nile Valley from 5000 BC to 300 AD. Much of the surviving art and antiquities comes from tombs thanks to the complex religious beliefs and practices of the ancient Egyptians. Tombs survived over thousands of years not only with mummified bodies but also with all the things the deceased would need in te next life from furniture to servants as small shabiti statues. In ancient Egypt symbolism played an important role in establishing a sense of order. Symbolism, ranging from the pharaoh's regalia (symbolizing his power to maintain order) to the individual symbols of Egyptian gods and goddesses, is omnipresent in Egyptian art. Animals were usually also highly symbolic figures in Egyptian art. Colors were more expressive rather than natural: red skin implied vigorous tanned youth, whereas yellow skin was used for women or middle-aged men who worked indoors; blue or gold indicated divinity because of its unnatural appearance and association with precious materials; the use of black for royal figures expressed the fertility of the Nile from which Egypt was born. Stone surfaces were prepared by whitewash, or if rough, a layer of coarse mud plaster, with a smoother gesso layer above; some finer limestones could take paint directly. Pigments were mostly mineral, chosen to withstand strong sunlight without fading. The binding medium used in painting remains unclear: egg tempera and various gums and resins have been suggested. The paint was applied to dried plaster, and a varnish or resin was usually applied as a protective coating. Small objects including wooden statuettes were often painted using similar techniques. The Egyptians used the distinctive technique of sunk relief, which is well suited to very bright sunlight. The main figures in reliefs adhere to the same figure convention as in painting, with parted legs (where not seated) and head shown from the side, but the torso from the front. Egyptian pharaohs were always regarded as gods.
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